论魏晋文学中的“琴”及文学史意义
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摘要
在魏晋之前,琴与文学的关系并不密切,而到魏晋时期开始大量出现对琴描写。其原因大致有:文人自觉时代的到来,文人对自我命运的关注必然加强琴与文人创作的联系;魏晋时分裂动荡的政治局面,琴的凄哀的音色与文人悲凉的心理特征产生共鸣;玄学思潮的兴起,幽远自然的琴声成为文人体悟玄理的媒介;琴作为先秦儒家先哲所倚重的乐器,成为魏晋文人寄托理想和抱负的方式。魏晋时期对琴描写的文学现象一方面丰富了魏晋文学的内涵,加深诗歌的描写题材的深度,推动诗歌的发展;另一方面赋予了琴深远的文学意义,成为中国文学和文人的一种精神象征,扩大了中国传统诗歌的版图,并对唐诗和宋诗的发展做出了贡献,提升中国传统诗歌的价值。
Before Wei and Jin Dynasties,Qin had no close relationship with literature. As Wei and Jin Dynasties began,the description of Qin appeared in large number. The reasons are the followings: in the literati consciousness era,men of letters' concern on their destinies resulted in a strengthened relationship of Qin and their works; in the turbulent political situation,the desolating sound of Qin happened to resonate with sadness in literati's mind; with the rise of metaphysics,the deep and natural sound of Qin provided a way to the profound theory; being a musical instrument favored by previous Confucian sages,Qin appeared to be a symbol of literati's hopes and ambitions. The description of Qin in literature,on the one hand,enriches the literature in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,deepens the description of portrayal theme and promotes the development of poetry; on the other hand,it brings a profound significance to Qin literature,makes Qin a spiritual symbol of Chinese literature and literati,broadens the domain of Chinese traditional poetry,makes a contribution to the development of Tang poetry and Song poetry,and increases the value of Chinese traditional poetry.
Before Wei and Jin Dynasties,Qin had no close relationship with literature. As Wei and Jin Dynasties began,the description of Qin appeared in large number. The reasons are the followings: in the literati consciousness era,men of letters' concern on their destinies resulted in a strengthened relationship of Qin and their works; in the turbulent political situation,the desolating sound of Qin happened to resonate with sadness in literati's mind; with the rise of metaphysics,the deep and natural sound of Qin provided a way to the profound theory; being a musical instrument favored by previous Confucian sages,Qin appeared to be a symbol of literati's hopes and ambitions. The description of Qin in literature,on the one hand,enriches the literature in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,deepens the description of portrayal theme and promotes the development of poetry; on the other hand,it brings a profound significance to Qin literature,makes Qin a spiritual symbol of Chinese literature and literati,broadens the domain of Chinese traditional poetry,makes a contribution to the development of Tang poetry and Song poetry,and increases the value of Chinese traditional poetry.
引文
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[10]周子安.五知斋琴谱[M].海口:海南出版社,2001:16.
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