周宁县气候变化特征及其对茶叶生长的影响
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摘要
为给闽东茶区应对气候变化及评估提供参考依据,选取闽东主茶区周宁县1962—2016年茶叶生长期内主要气候因子(≥10℃积温及期间雨量、日照时数等)和茶叶生产方面的数据资料,应用相关性、变异系数、Mann检验等气候统计方法,分析周宁县主要气候因子变化特征及对茶叶生长影响.结果表明:近55年周宁县热量呈显著增加趋势,日照呈显著减少趋势,降水呈增加趋势但不显著,光、温、水气候条件变化有利于该县茶叶产量和品质提高,但也容易引发病虫害多发、水土流失、干旱等一些问题,可见,气候变化对茶叶生长具有重要影响.
Climate change has significant impact on tea growth. Selecting the main climatic factors(≥10 ℃accumulated temperature and rainfall, sunshine hours during tea growth, etc.) and the tea production data of main tea area in Zhouning County of northeastern Fujian Province in 1962-2016, using correlation, coefficient of variation, Mann test statistical methods, etc., the characteristics of the main climatic factors and the e ffect on the growth of tea in Zhouning County were analysed.The results showed that the heat of Zhouning County increased significantly in the last 55 years, the sunshine showed a significant decreasing trend, the precipitation showed an increasing trend but not significant. The changes of sunshine, heat and precipitation of climate conditions are beneficial to tea production and quality improvement. But they also lead to more pests and diseases, soil erosion, drought and other problems. The research will provide reference for coping with climate change and risk assessment of tea area in northeastern Fujian Province.
Climate change has significant impact on tea growth. Selecting the main climatic factors(≥10 ℃accumulated temperature and rainfall, sunshine hours during tea growth, etc.) and the tea production data of main tea area in Zhouning County of northeastern Fujian Province in 1962-2016, using correlation, coefficient of variation, Mann test statistical methods, etc., the characteristics of the main climatic factors and the e ffect on the growth of tea in Zhouning County were analysed.The results showed that the heat of Zhouning County increased significantly in the last 55 years, the sunshine showed a significant decreasing trend, the precipitation showed an increasing trend but not significant. The changes of sunshine, heat and precipitation of climate conditions are beneficial to tea production and quality improvement. But they also lead to more pests and diseases, soil erosion, drought and other problems. The research will provide reference for coping with climate change and risk assessment of tea area in northeastern Fujian Province.
引文
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[15]黄寿波.我国主要高山名茶产地生态气候的研究[J].地理科学,1986,6(5):125-132.
[2]黄寿波,我国茶树气象研究进展(综述)[J].浙江农业大学学报,1985,11(1):87-93.
[3]黎小萍,陈华玲.浅谈环境对优质绿茶品质的影响[J].蚕桑茶叶通讯,2003(4):33-34.
[4]张汝.云南热区热带作物农业气候条件的适宜度分析[J].中国农业气象,1988(2):19-20.
[5]李湘阁,阂庆文,余卫东.南京地区茶树生长气候适应性研究[J].南京气象学院学报,1995,18(4):572-577.
[6]余会康.闽东茶叶气候适宜度变化特征分析[J].山地学报,2016,34(34):415-424.
[7]罗京义,晏理华,徐大红,等.铜仁地区茶树生长的气候适应性分析及优质绿茶种植区划[J].茶叶科学,2011,31(2):136-142.
[8]黄寿波.浙江茶区茶树旱热害的气候分析[J].茶叶,1981(2):8-11.
[9]陈思宁,申双和,刘敏,等.湖北省茶树气象灾害模糊综合评价及区划[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(12):298-303.
[10]吴杨,金志凤,叶建刚,等.浙江茶树春霜冻发生规律及其与太平洋海温的遥相关分析[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(4):434-439.
[11]薛美莲,陈坤生.气象因子对1992年春茶的影响[J].浙江气象,1992,13(4):26-29.
[12]闽东日报数字报.周宁:致力打造茶叶公共品牌[EB/OL].http://www.cnepaper.com/mdrb_ty/html/201704/24/content_2_1.htm.2017.4.24.
[13]魏凤英.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M].北京:气象出版社,2013:55-66.
[14]廖万有.气候变化对我国茶业的影响及适应对策[C]中国茶叶学会.全国茶业科技学术研讨会论文集.合肥:中国茶叶学会,2007:69-72.
[15]黄寿波.我国主要高山名茶产地生态气候的研究[J].地理科学,1986,6(5):125-132.