石墨烯纳米片对碳纤维/聚丙烯复合材料导热及力学性能的影响
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摘要
采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/石墨烯纳米片(GNSs)/碳纤维(CF)复合材料,研究了石墨烯纳米片含量对其导热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,石墨烯纳米片和碳纤维混合使用,不仅对导热有明显的协同作用,力学性能也有一定提升。PP/GNSs(3 phr)/CF(2 phr)复合材料热导率为0. 42 W/(m·K),相对于纯PP、PP/GNSs(3 phr)复合材料分别提高了110%、31%;该复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度最大相对于纯PP提高了12%和13%,相对于PP/CF(2 phr)复合材料提高了8%和12%。
Polypropylene( PP) is a high strength thermoplastic with low thermal conductivity which limits its application in many fields. So it is necessary to improve the thermal conductivity of PP composite material.Graphene nanosheets( GNSs) are a kind of layered micro-scale materials with excellent mechanical properties and thermal conductivity,but few research has been done. Carbon fiber( CF) is a high-strength and high-modulus fiber which can improve the PP/GNSs/CF mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. PP/GNSs/CF composites were prepared by melt blending to study the effect of different GNSs mass fractions on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of composites. The results show that the mixed use of GNSs and CF not only has obvious synergistic effect on the thermal conductivity,but also improves the mechanical properties. The thermal conductivity of PP/GNSs( 3 phr)/CF( 2 phr) composites is 0. 42 W/( m·K),which was increased by 110% compared with pure PP.The tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites were increased to 38. 0 MPa and 56. 7 MPa,respectively,which were increased by 12% and 13%,respectively,compared with pure PP.
Polypropylene( PP) is a high strength thermoplastic with low thermal conductivity which limits its application in many fields. So it is necessary to improve the thermal conductivity of PP composite material.Graphene nanosheets( GNSs) are a kind of layered micro-scale materials with excellent mechanical properties and thermal conductivity,but few research has been done. Carbon fiber( CF) is a high-strength and high-modulus fiber which can improve the PP/GNSs/CF mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. PP/GNSs/CF composites were prepared by melt blending to study the effect of different GNSs mass fractions on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of composites. The results show that the mixed use of GNSs and CF not only has obvious synergistic effect on the thermal conductivity,but also improves the mechanical properties. The thermal conductivity of PP/GNSs( 3 phr)/CF( 2 phr) composites is 0. 42 W/( m·K),which was increased by 110% compared with pure PP.The tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites were increased to 38. 0 MPa and 56. 7 MPa,respectively,which were increased by 12% and 13%,respectively,compared with pure PP.
引文
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[6] Wu C L,Zhang M Q,Rong M Z,et al. Tensile performance improvement of low nanoparticles filled-polypropylene composites[J].Composites Science&Technology,2002,62(10-11):1327-1340.
[7]储九荣,张晓辉,徐传骧.导热高分子材料的研究与应用[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2000,16(4):17-21.
[8]冯博,冷金华,陈弦,等.高密度聚乙烯/石墨/碳纤维导热复合材料性能的研究[J].塑料工业,2013,41(6):78-82.
[9]杨帅,敖玉辉,肖凌寒.聚丙烯/碳纤维/氮化硼导热绝缘复合材料的制备[J].塑料工业,2017(12):129-132.
[10]唐荣华,杨旭静,郑娟.长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料热模压成型工艺的研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(8):62-67.
[11]Geim A K,Novoselov K S. The rise of graphene[J]. Nature Materials,2007,6(3):183-191.
[12]周宏,朴明昕,李芹,等.氧化石墨烯纳米片/环氧树脂复合材料的制备与性能[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(5):1309-1315.
[13]陈慧敏,陈德良,张锐.微纳米无机粒子改性聚丙烯材料的最新进展[J].中国塑料,2008(10):13-19.
[14]郏余晨,俞科静,钱坤,等.碳纳米管/酸化石墨烯杂化材料及其环氧树脂复合材料拉伸力学性能的研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2013(2):69-73.
[15] Yang X,Yuan Y,Zhang N,et al. Preparation and properties of myristic-palmitic-stearic acid/expanded graphite composites as phase change materials for energy storage[J]. Solar Energy,2014,99(1):259-266.
[16] Wang S,Tambraparni M,Qiu J,et al. Thermal expansion of graphene composites[J]. Macromolecules,2009,42(14):5251-5255.
[17]汪文,丁宏亮,张子宽,等.石墨烯微片/聚丙烯导热复合材料的制备与性能[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(6):14-20.
[18]李仕通,彭超义,邢素丽,等.导热型碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的研究进展[J].材料导报,2012,26(13):79-84.
[19] Wang F,Drzal L T,Qin Y,et al. Size effect of graphene nanoplatelets on the morphology and mechanical behavior of glass fiber/epoxy composites[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2016,51(7):3337-3348.