改进的多道预测算子压制浅水多次波方法
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摘要
在浅水情况下,由于观测数据中缺少近偏移距信息,水层多次波的压制面临挑战.利用多道预测算子压制水层多次波是浅水环境下压制多次波的重要方法之一,这种方法先从输入数据中估计出多道预测算子,再将预测算子和输入数据做褶积预测出水层相关多次波.然而,估计的多道预测算子很容易受噪声污染,从而影响多次波模型的精度.所以,我们提出了改进的多道预测算子压制浅水多次波方法.该方法先从数据中估计出多道预测算子,并利用估计的算子构建出精确的水层模型;然后,通过计算算子的走时信息、估计振幅信息、合成新算子三个步骤来修正原始的多道预测算子.修正的算子不仅不受噪声影响,还含有精确的走时信息、可靠的振幅信息;最后,该方法用修正的算子来预测多次波,并结合自适应相减,将预测的多次波从输入数据中去除.通过合成数据和实际资料的验证表明,相比于原始的多道预测算子压制多次波方法,改进的方法能够取得更好的压制效果.
Shallow water demultiple faces difficulties because of missing near offsets in the input data.Attenuating water-layer related multiples with multichannel prediction operators has become one of the most important shallow water demultiple techniques.This method first estimates the multichannel prediction operators from the input data,then predicts the water-layer related multiples by convolving the estimated operators with the input data.However,the estimated multichannel prediction operators are easily contaminated with noise,which affects the accuracy of the multiple model.Therefore,we have proposed an improved shallow water demultiple method with multichannel prediction operators.The proposed method first estimates the multichannel prediction operators from the input data as well and constructs an accurate water-layer model;then modifies the estimated operators based on 3 procedures,including calculating the traveltime information of thewater-bottom,estimating the waveform information,and constructing the new operators.The modified operators are used to predict the water-layer related multiples.The water-layer related multiple free data can be obtained by adaptively subtracting the predicted multiples from the input data.Numerical examples with a synthetic dataset and a shallow water field dataset show that our proposed method can achieve a superior performance as compared to the method with original multichannel prediction operators.
Shallow water demultiple faces difficulties because of missing near offsets in the input data.Attenuating water-layer related multiples with multichannel prediction operators has become one of the most important shallow water demultiple techniques.This method first estimates the multichannel prediction operators from the input data,then predicts the water-layer related multiples by convolving the estimated operators with the input data.However,the estimated multichannel prediction operators are easily contaminated with noise,which affects the accuracy of the multiple model.Therefore,we have proposed an improved shallow water demultiple method with multichannel prediction operators.The proposed method first estimates the multichannel prediction operators from the input data as well and constructs an accurate water-layer model;then modifies the estimated operators based on 3 procedures,including calculating the traveltime information of thewater-bottom,estimating the waveform information,and constructing the new operators.The modified operators are used to predict the water-layer related multiples.The water-layer related multiple free data can be obtained by adaptively subtracting the predicted multiples from the input data.Numerical examples with a synthetic dataset and a shallow water field dataset show that our proposed method can achieve a superior performance as compared to the method with original multichannel prediction operators.
引文
Bai L S,Liu Y K,Lu H Y.2017.Strategy of multiple elimination by sparsity inversion and its effectiveness analysis.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(12):4801-4813,doi:10.6038/cjg20171221.
Berkhout A J.1982.Seismic Migration,Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation.2nd ed.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.1997.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part I:Theoretical considerations.Geophysics,62(5):1586-1595,doi:10.1190/1.1444261.
Biersteker J.2001.MAGIC:Shell’s surface multiple attenuation technique.∥71st A Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1301-1304.
Cooper J,Poole G,Wombell R,et al.2015.Recursive model-based water-layer demultiple.∥77th Annual International Conference and Exhibition.Madrid,EAGE,Tu N114 02.
Dong L Q,Li Z C,Yang S C,et al.2013.Non-causal matching filter multiple elimination method based on correlation and iteration.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(10):3542-3551,doi:10.6038/cjg20131029.
Hargreaves N.2006.Surface multiple attenuation in shallow water and the construction of primaries from multiples.∥76th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,2689-2693.
Herrmann P,Mojesky T,Magesan M,et al.2000.De-aliased,high-resolution Radon transforms.∥70th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1953-1957.
Hugonnet P,Tichatschke C.2005.2DDeconvolution for OBC data and for internal multiple attenuation-part 1-theory.∥67th EAGE Conference&Exhibition.Madrid,EAGE,A026.
Hung B,Yang K L,Zhou J,et al.2010.Shallow water demultiple.∥21st Geophysical Conference.Sydney,ASEG,1-4.
Kabir M M N,Verschuur D J.1995.Restoration of missing offsets by parabolic radon transform.Geophysical Prospecting,43(3):347-368.
Levinson N.1947.The wiener RMS(root mean square)error criterion in filter design and prediction.Journal of Mathematical Physics,25:261-278.
Li L,Xie Y H,Li Z N,et al.2015.Research progress on offshore multiple attenuation and imaging.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),30(1):446-453,doi:10.6038/pg20150166.
Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.2007.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),50(6):1844-1853.
Li Z N,Li Z C,Wang P,et al.2017a.Reverse time migration of multiples based on different-order multiple separation.Geophysics,82(1):S19-S29.
Li Z N,Li Z C,Wang P,et al.2017b.One-way wave-equation migration of multiples based on stereographic imaging condition.Geophysics,82(6):S479-S488.
Li Z X,Li Z C,Lu W K.2012.Multichannel predictive deconvolution based on the fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm.Geophysics,81(1):V17-V30.
Li Z X,Li Z C.2016.Accelerated and robust multichannel predictive deconvolution for shallow water demultiple based on alternating direction method of multipliers.∥86th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,4529-4533.
Lin T T Y,Herrmann F J.2013.Robust estimation of primaries by sparse inversion via one-norm minimization.Geophysics,78(3):R133-R150,doi:10.1190/geo2012-0097.1.
Liu X J,Liu Y K,Hu H,et al.2017.Imaging of first-order surfacerelated multiples by reverse-time migration.Geophysical Journal International,208(2):1077-1087.
Liu Y K,Jin D G,Chang X,et al.2010.Multiple subtraction using statistically estimated inverse wavelets.Geophysics,75(6):WB247-WB254.
Liu Y K,Chang X,Jin D G,et al.2011.Reverse time migration of multiples for subsalt imaging.Geophysics,76(5):WB209-WB216.
Liu Y K,Liu X J,Osen A,et al.2016.Least-squares reverse time migration using controlled-order multiple reflections.Geophysics,81(5):S347-S357.
Lokshtanov D.1995.Multiple suppression by single channel and multichannel deconvolution in the tau-p domain.∥65th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1482-1485.
Lokshtanov D.1999.Multiple suppression by data-consistent deconvolution.The Leading Edge,18(1):115-119.
Lopez G A,Verschuur D J.2015.Closed-loop surface-related multiple elimination and its application to simultaneous data reconstruction.Geophysics,80(6):V189-V199,doi:10.1190/geo2015-0287.1.
Moore I,Bisley R.2006.Multiple attenuation in shallow-water situations.∥68th EAGE Conference and Exhibition.Vienna,EAGE,F018.
Peng H L,Ren T,He J W,et al.2016.Application of shallow water de-multiple methods based on water-layer model.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),31(4):1646-1654,doi:10.6038/pg20160432.
Pica A,Poulain G,David B,et al.2005.3D surface-related multiple modeling,principles and results.∥75th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,2080-2083.
Song J W,Verschuur E,Chen X H.2013.Comparing three feedback internal multiple elimination methods.Journal of Applied Geophysics,95:66-76,doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.05.010.
Song J W,Verschuur D J,Chen X H.2014.Research status and progress in multiple elimination.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),29(1):240-247,doi:10.6038/pg20140134.
Spadavecchia E,Lipari E,Bienati V,et al.2013.Water-bottom multiple attenuation by Kirchhoff extrapolation.Geophysical Prospecting,61(4):725-734.
Sun W Q,Hu J T,Wang H Z,et al.2014.Enhanced model-based water-layer related demultiple.∥84st Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,349-351.
Sun W Q,Wang H Z.2016.Water-layer related multiple suppression based on plane-wave coding.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),55(4):516-523.
VanGroenestijn G J A,Verschuur D J.2009.Estimating primaries by sparse inversion and application to near-offset data reconstruction.Geophysics,74(3):A23-A28,doi:10.1190/1.3111115.
Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.1992.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination.Geophysics,57(9):1166-1177,doi:10.1190/1.1443330.
Verschuur D J.2006.Seismic Multiple Removal Techniques-Past,Present and Future.Housten:EAGE Publications.
Wang P,Hu J Z,Xu S,et al.2011.Model-based water-layer demultiple.∥81st Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,3551-3555.
Wang Y H.2004.Multiple prediction through inversion:A fully data-driven concept for surface-related multiple attenuation.Geophysics,69(2):547-553,doi:10.1190/1.1707074.
Weglein A B,Gasparotto F A,Carvalho P M,et al.1997.An inverse-scattering series method for attenuating multiples in seismic reflection data.Geophysics,62(6):1975-1989.
Weglein B.1999.Multiple attenuation:An overview of recent advances and the road ahead(1999).The Leading Edge,18(1):40-44.
Wiggins J W.1988.Attenuation of complex water-bottom multiples by wave-equation-based prediction and subtraction.Geophysics,53(12):1527-1539.
Wilkinson K,Bale R.2014.Offshore east coast:Model-based water-layer demultiple breathes new life into old data.CSEGRecorder,39(8):46-50.
Wu Y T,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.2012.An improved matching method based on L1-norm for multiple elimination and application in deepwater basin of South China Sea.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(3):1007-1016,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.03.031.
Xu Q,Wang Z,Shi Z Y,et al.2015.Shallow water multiple attenuation.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),50(2):238-242.
Yang K L,Hung B.2012.Shallow water demultiple with seafloor reflection modeling using multichannel prediction operator.∥82nd Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1-5.
Zhai Y,Sen S,Liu Z,et al.2015.Shallow water multiple elimination(SWME)on broadband data.∥77th EAGE Conference and Exhibition.Madrid,EAGE,Th P4 10.
Zhang Z J,Wei T G.2013.Application of joint shallow-water multiple attenuation technique in LD zone of Bohai Sea.China Petroleum Exploration(in Chinese),(1):59-65.
白兰淑,刘伊克,卢回忆.2017.稀疏反演多次波去除策略与效果分析.地球物理学报,60(12):4801-4813,doi:10.6038/cjg20171221.
董烈乾,李振春,杨少春等.2013.基于相关迭代的非因果匹配滤波器多次波压制方法.地球物理学报,56(10):3542-3551,doi:10.6038/cjg20131029.
李列,谢玉洪,李志娜等.2015.海上多次波压制与成像方法研究进展.地球物理学进展,30(1):446-453,doi:10.6038/pg20150166.
李鹏,刘伊克,常旭等.2007.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用.地球物理学报,50(6):1844-1853.
彭海龙,任婷,赫建伟等.2016.基于水层建模理论的浅水多次波压制方法研究与应用.地球物理学进展,31(4):1646-1654,doi:10.6038/pg20160432.
孙维蔷,王华忠.2016.基于平面波编码的水体相关多次波压制方法研究.石油物探,55(4):516-523.
宋家文,Verschuur D J,陈小宏.2014.多次波压制的研究现状与进展.地球物理学进展,29(1):240-247,doi:10.6038/pg20140134.
武银婷,刘伊克,常旭等.2012.改进的1范数匹配滤波法及在南海深水盆地的应用.地球物理学报,55(3):1007-1016,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.03.031.
徐强,王征,史增园等.2015.浅水多次波衰减.石油地球物理勘探,50(2):238-242.
张志军,魏天罡.2013.浅水多次波的联合衰减技术在渤海海域LD地区的应用.中国石油勘探,(1):59-65.
Berkhout A J.1982.Seismic Migration,Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation.2nd ed.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.1997.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part I:Theoretical considerations.Geophysics,62(5):1586-1595,doi:10.1190/1.1444261.
Biersteker J.2001.MAGIC:Shell’s surface multiple attenuation technique.∥71st A Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1301-1304.
Cooper J,Poole G,Wombell R,et al.2015.Recursive model-based water-layer demultiple.∥77th Annual International Conference and Exhibition.Madrid,EAGE,Tu N114 02.
Dong L Q,Li Z C,Yang S C,et al.2013.Non-causal matching filter multiple elimination method based on correlation and iteration.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(10):3542-3551,doi:10.6038/cjg20131029.
Hargreaves N.2006.Surface multiple attenuation in shallow water and the construction of primaries from multiples.∥76th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,2689-2693.
Herrmann P,Mojesky T,Magesan M,et al.2000.De-aliased,high-resolution Radon transforms.∥70th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1953-1957.
Hugonnet P,Tichatschke C.2005.2DDeconvolution for OBC data and for internal multiple attenuation-part 1-theory.∥67th EAGE Conference&Exhibition.Madrid,EAGE,A026.
Hung B,Yang K L,Zhou J,et al.2010.Shallow water demultiple.∥21st Geophysical Conference.Sydney,ASEG,1-4.
Kabir M M N,Verschuur D J.1995.Restoration of missing offsets by parabolic radon transform.Geophysical Prospecting,43(3):347-368.
Levinson N.1947.The wiener RMS(root mean square)error criterion in filter design and prediction.Journal of Mathematical Physics,25:261-278.
Li L,Xie Y H,Li Z N,et al.2015.Research progress on offshore multiple attenuation and imaging.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),30(1):446-453,doi:10.6038/pg20150166.
Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.2007.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),50(6):1844-1853.
Li Z N,Li Z C,Wang P,et al.2017a.Reverse time migration of multiples based on different-order multiple separation.Geophysics,82(1):S19-S29.
Li Z N,Li Z C,Wang P,et al.2017b.One-way wave-equation migration of multiples based on stereographic imaging condition.Geophysics,82(6):S479-S488.
Li Z X,Li Z C,Lu W K.2012.Multichannel predictive deconvolution based on the fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm.Geophysics,81(1):V17-V30.
Li Z X,Li Z C.2016.Accelerated and robust multichannel predictive deconvolution for shallow water demultiple based on alternating direction method of multipliers.∥86th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,4529-4533.
Lin T T Y,Herrmann F J.2013.Robust estimation of primaries by sparse inversion via one-norm minimization.Geophysics,78(3):R133-R150,doi:10.1190/geo2012-0097.1.
Liu X J,Liu Y K,Hu H,et al.2017.Imaging of first-order surfacerelated multiples by reverse-time migration.Geophysical Journal International,208(2):1077-1087.
Liu Y K,Jin D G,Chang X,et al.2010.Multiple subtraction using statistically estimated inverse wavelets.Geophysics,75(6):WB247-WB254.
Liu Y K,Chang X,Jin D G,et al.2011.Reverse time migration of multiples for subsalt imaging.Geophysics,76(5):WB209-WB216.
Liu Y K,Liu X J,Osen A,et al.2016.Least-squares reverse time migration using controlled-order multiple reflections.Geophysics,81(5):S347-S357.
Lokshtanov D.1995.Multiple suppression by single channel and multichannel deconvolution in the tau-p domain.∥65th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1482-1485.
Lokshtanov D.1999.Multiple suppression by data-consistent deconvolution.The Leading Edge,18(1):115-119.
Lopez G A,Verschuur D J.2015.Closed-loop surface-related multiple elimination and its application to simultaneous data reconstruction.Geophysics,80(6):V189-V199,doi:10.1190/geo2015-0287.1.
Moore I,Bisley R.2006.Multiple attenuation in shallow-water situations.∥68th EAGE Conference and Exhibition.Vienna,EAGE,F018.
Peng H L,Ren T,He J W,et al.2016.Application of shallow water de-multiple methods based on water-layer model.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),31(4):1646-1654,doi:10.6038/pg20160432.
Pica A,Poulain G,David B,et al.2005.3D surface-related multiple modeling,principles and results.∥75th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,2080-2083.
Song J W,Verschuur E,Chen X H.2013.Comparing three feedback internal multiple elimination methods.Journal of Applied Geophysics,95:66-76,doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.05.010.
Song J W,Verschuur D J,Chen X H.2014.Research status and progress in multiple elimination.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),29(1):240-247,doi:10.6038/pg20140134.
Spadavecchia E,Lipari E,Bienati V,et al.2013.Water-bottom multiple attenuation by Kirchhoff extrapolation.Geophysical Prospecting,61(4):725-734.
Sun W Q,Hu J T,Wang H Z,et al.2014.Enhanced model-based water-layer related demultiple.∥84st Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,349-351.
Sun W Q,Wang H Z.2016.Water-layer related multiple suppression based on plane-wave coding.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),55(4):516-523.
VanGroenestijn G J A,Verschuur D J.2009.Estimating primaries by sparse inversion and application to near-offset data reconstruction.Geophysics,74(3):A23-A28,doi:10.1190/1.3111115.
Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.1992.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination.Geophysics,57(9):1166-1177,doi:10.1190/1.1443330.
Verschuur D J.2006.Seismic Multiple Removal Techniques-Past,Present and Future.Housten:EAGE Publications.
Wang P,Hu J Z,Xu S,et al.2011.Model-based water-layer demultiple.∥81st Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,3551-3555.
Wang Y H.2004.Multiple prediction through inversion:A fully data-driven concept for surface-related multiple attenuation.Geophysics,69(2):547-553,doi:10.1190/1.1707074.
Weglein A B,Gasparotto F A,Carvalho P M,et al.1997.An inverse-scattering series method for attenuating multiples in seismic reflection data.Geophysics,62(6):1975-1989.
Weglein B.1999.Multiple attenuation:An overview of recent advances and the road ahead(1999).The Leading Edge,18(1):40-44.
Wiggins J W.1988.Attenuation of complex water-bottom multiples by wave-equation-based prediction and subtraction.Geophysics,53(12):1527-1539.
Wilkinson K,Bale R.2014.Offshore east coast:Model-based water-layer demultiple breathes new life into old data.CSEGRecorder,39(8):46-50.
Wu Y T,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.2012.An improved matching method based on L1-norm for multiple elimination and application in deepwater basin of South China Sea.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(3):1007-1016,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.03.031.
Xu Q,Wang Z,Shi Z Y,et al.2015.Shallow water multiple attenuation.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),50(2):238-242.
Yang K L,Hung B.2012.Shallow water demultiple with seafloor reflection modeling using multichannel prediction operator.∥82nd Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts,1-5.
Zhai Y,Sen S,Liu Z,et al.2015.Shallow water multiple elimination(SWME)on broadband data.∥77th EAGE Conference and Exhibition.Madrid,EAGE,Th P4 10.
Zhang Z J,Wei T G.2013.Application of joint shallow-water multiple attenuation technique in LD zone of Bohai Sea.China Petroleum Exploration(in Chinese),(1):59-65.
白兰淑,刘伊克,卢回忆.2017.稀疏反演多次波去除策略与效果分析.地球物理学报,60(12):4801-4813,doi:10.6038/cjg20171221.
董烈乾,李振春,杨少春等.2013.基于相关迭代的非因果匹配滤波器多次波压制方法.地球物理学报,56(10):3542-3551,doi:10.6038/cjg20131029.
李列,谢玉洪,李志娜等.2015.海上多次波压制与成像方法研究进展.地球物理学进展,30(1):446-453,doi:10.6038/pg20150166.
李鹏,刘伊克,常旭等.2007.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用.地球物理学报,50(6):1844-1853.
彭海龙,任婷,赫建伟等.2016.基于水层建模理论的浅水多次波压制方法研究与应用.地球物理学进展,31(4):1646-1654,doi:10.6038/pg20160432.
孙维蔷,王华忠.2016.基于平面波编码的水体相关多次波压制方法研究.石油物探,55(4):516-523.
宋家文,Verschuur D J,陈小宏.2014.多次波压制的研究现状与进展.地球物理学进展,29(1):240-247,doi:10.6038/pg20140134.
武银婷,刘伊克,常旭等.2012.改进的1范数匹配滤波法及在南海深水盆地的应用.地球物理学报,55(3):1007-1016,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.03.031.
徐强,王征,史增园等.2015.浅水多次波衰减.石油地球物理勘探,50(2):238-242.
张志军,魏天罡.2013.浅水多次波的联合衰减技术在渤海海域LD地区的应用.中国石油勘探,(1):59-65.