场域理论视角下我国大学院系治理结构优化研究
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摘要
以二级学院(系)为主体的大学基层学术组织,承载大学高质量发展的主体责任。对于组织变革而言,治理结构的优化是效能提升的前提。大学管理重心的下移使院系治理结构面临新的变革。布迪厄的"场域"理论以分析社会空间关系见长,以"场域"为视角分析基层组织权力结构,可以使其结构化和关系性特征融为一体,也为其内外部权力结构的深入剖析找到依据。根据"场域"理论关于"资本"与"权力"的核心概念,大学院系组织内部的权力类型可划分为政治权力、行政权力、学术权力、经济权力和象征权力。五种权力既各尽其能,又相互制衡,形成以政治权力为导向、学术权力为核心、行政权力为保障、经济权力为杠杆、象征权力为精髓的权力结构图式,为大学院系构建内外部协调发展的权力关系及其治理结构的优化提供基础。
As the basic academic organizations,colleges within the university shoulder the main responsibility of internal governance reform and quality improvement.The decentralization of university management brings new changes to the internal and external governance structure of colleges.Bourdieu's "field theory" is an analysis of the spatial relationship.And the analysis of the administrative structure of the college in the perspective of "field" can make the integration of structural and relational characteristics,and also set up the basis for an in-depth analysis of the administrative structure of colleges.According to the core concept of "capital" and "power" in the field theory,the power types within the college can be divided into political power,administrative power,academic power,economic power and symbolic power.These five types of power,not only do their respective parts,but also balance each other,and form the structure in which the political power acts as guide,the academic power as the core,the administrative power as the guarantee,the economic power as the lever,and the symbolic power as the quintessence,thus,providing a basic framework for the structure optimization of college governance.
As the basic academic organizations,colleges within the university shoulder the main responsibility of internal governance reform and quality improvement.The decentralization of university management brings new changes to the internal and external governance structure of colleges.Bourdieu's "field theory" is an analysis of the spatial relationship.And the analysis of the administrative structure of the college in the perspective of "field" can make the integration of structural and relational characteristics,and also set up the basis for an in-depth analysis of the administrative structure of colleges.According to the core concept of "capital" and "power" in the field theory,the power types within the college can be divided into political power,administrative power,academic power,economic power and symbolic power.These five types of power,not only do their respective parts,but also balance each other,and form the structure in which the political power acts as guide,the academic power as the core,the administrative power as the guarantee,the economic power as the lever,and the symbolic power as the quintessence,thus,providing a basic framework for the structure optimization of college governance.
引文
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[4]方维规.“爱兰诺思”传奇为说———布迪厄“文化资本”和“象征资本”概念的极佳注释[M].叶隽.侨易(第二辑).北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015:53-75.
[5][7][14]刘恩允.治理理论视域下的我国大学院系治理研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2014:38,38,70.
[6]马维娜:局外生存[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2003:165.
[8](美)约翰·布鲁贝克.高等教育哲学[M].王承绪,等译.杭州:浙江教育出版社,1998:32.
[9](加)约翰·范德格拉夫.学术权力———七国高等教育管理体制比较[M].王承绪,等译.浙江教育出版社,2001:12.
[10]李全生.布迪厄“场域”理论简析[J].烟台大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(2):146-150.
[11](美)罗伯特·赫钦斯:美国高等教育[M].汪义兵,译.杭州:浙江教育出版社,2001:12.
[12]胡仁东.权力与市场两种资源配置模式[J].高等工程教育研究,2006(2):17-21.
[13](法)皮埃尔·布迪厄.实践感[M].蒋梓骅,译.南京:译林出版社,2009:167.