3个水稻不透明胚乳突变体淀粉理化性质分析
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摘要
构建水稻突变体库并从中筛选到3个胚乳突变体M16、M35和M72,对这3个突变体的籽粒表型及淀粉特性进行分析。结果表明:M35和M72籽粒表现为淀粉颗粒排列松散的粉质胚乳, M16则表现为淀粉颗粒中心有空腔的蜡质胚乳。3个突变体中直链淀粉含量较野生型显著下降。3个突变体和野生型均为A型淀粉,与野生型淀粉相比, M35和M72淀粉有较低的相对结晶度, M16淀粉则有更高的相对结晶度。在95℃下, M72淀粉具有最低的膨胀势和最高的水溶性, M16淀粉具有最高的膨胀势和最低的水溶性。3个突变体的淀粉均具有较低的糊化峰值温度、峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度和消减值。体外消化表明, 3个突变体的原淀粉具有较高的快速消化淀粉和较低的抗性淀粉。在回生淀粉中3种突变体具有更高的抗性淀粉。
Three rice endosperm mutants M16, M35 and M72 were generated from a japonica rice cultivar Kitaake through gamma irradiation. In this study, we characterized the three mutants and analyzed their starch properties. Both M35 and M72 showed a floury endosperm with loosely arranged starch granules, and M16 had a waxy endosperm with the cavity in the center of starch granules. Three mutants had low apparent amylose contents in this order, M72(11.6%)>M35(9.4%)>M16(1.3%). Three mutants and wild type had A-type starch, but the M35 and M72 starches had lower relative crystallinities than wild type starch, while the M16 starch exhibited higher relative crystallinity than wild type starch. The M72 starch had the lowest swelling power and highest water solubility, and the M16 starch had the highest swelling power and lowest water solubility at 95 ℃. The starches of three mutants had lower gelatinization peak temperature and peak, hot, final, setback viscosity than wild type. In vitro digestion showed that the native starches of three mutants had higher rapidly digestible starch and lower resistant starch than wild type starch. In the retrograded starches, three mutants had higher resistant starch than wild type.
Three rice endosperm mutants M16, M35 and M72 were generated from a japonica rice cultivar Kitaake through gamma irradiation. In this study, we characterized the three mutants and analyzed their starch properties. Both M35 and M72 showed a floury endosperm with loosely arranged starch granules, and M16 had a waxy endosperm with the cavity in the center of starch granules. Three mutants had low apparent amylose contents in this order, M72(11.6%)>M35(9.4%)>M16(1.3%). Three mutants and wild type had A-type starch, but the M35 and M72 starches had lower relative crystallinities than wild type starch, while the M16 starch exhibited higher relative crystallinity than wild type starch. The M72 starch had the lowest swelling power and highest water solubility, and the M16 starch had the highest swelling power and lowest water solubility at 95 ℃. The starches of three mutants had lower gelatinization peak temperature and peak, hot, final, setback viscosity than wild type. In vitro digestion showed that the native starches of three mutants had higher rapidly digestible starch and lower resistant starch than wild type starch. In the retrograded starches, three mutants had higher resistant starch than wild type.
引文
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[25] ZHANG L,ZHAO L L,ZHANG X,et al.Characterization and starch properties of a Waxy mutant in japonica rice Kitaake [J].Journal of Agriculture and Crops,2018,4(11):117-124.
[26] CAI J W,MAN J W,HUANG J,et al.Relationship between structure and functional properties of normal rice starches with different amylose contents [J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2015,125:35-44.
[27] ZHU D W,ZHANG H C,GUO B W,et al.Physicochemical properties of indica-japonica hybrid rice starch from Chinese varieties [J].Food Hydrocolloids,2017,63:356-363.
[28] PARK I M,IBANEZ A M,ZHONG F,et al.Gelatinization and pasting properties of waxy and non-waxy rice starches [J].Starch,2010,59:388-396.
[29] PELISSARI F M,SOBRAL P,MENEGALLI F C.Isolation and characterization of the flour and starch of plantain bananas (Musa paradisiaca) [J].Starch,2012,64:382-391.
[30] ZHANG C Q,CHEN S J,REN X Y,et al.Molecular structure and physicochemical properties of starches from rice with different amylose contents resulting from modification of OsGBSSI activity [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2017,65(10):2222-2232.
[31] LI Q F,HUANG L C,CHU R,et al.Down-regulation of SSSII-2 gene expression results in novel low-amylose rice with soft,transparent grains [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2018,66(37):9750-9760.
[32] CHUNG H J,LIM H S,LIM S T.Effect of partial gelatinization and retrogradation on the enzymatic digestion of waxy rice starch [J].Journal of Cereal Science,2006,43(3):353-359.
[33] CARCEA M,ACQUISTUCCI R.Isolation and physicochemical characterization of fonio (Digitariaexilis stapf) starch [J].Starch,1997,49:131-135.
[34] TAMAKI M,ITANI T,SUETSUGU M.Relationship between the starch properties of white-core tissue and polishing characteristics in brewers’ rice kernels [J].Plant Production Science,2009,12(2):233-236.
[35] ZHU D W,WEI H Y,GUO B W,et al.The effects of chilling stress after anthesis on the physicochemicalproperties of rice (Oryza sativa L) starch [J].Food Chemistry,2017,237:936-941.
[2] 朱大伟,张洪程,郭保卫,等.中国软米的发展及展望 [J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2015,36(1):47-52.
[3] LISLE A J,MARTIN M,FITZGERALD M A.Chalky and translucent rice grains differ in starch composition and structure and cooking properties [J].Cereal Chemistry,2000,77(5):627-632.
[4] ANACLETO R,CUEVAS R P,JIMENEZ R,et al.Prospects of breeding high-quality rice using post-genomic tools [J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2015,128(8):1449-1466.
[5] JULIANO B O.Structure,chemistry,and function of the rice grain and its fractions [J].Cereal Foods World,1992,37(10):772-779.
[6] SATOH H,OMURA T.New endosperm mutations induced by chemical mutagens in rice Oryza sativa L [J].Japanese Journal of Breeding,2008,31(3):316-326.
[7] SHAPTER F M,EGGLER P,LEE L S,et al.Variation in Granule Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) loci amongst Australian wild cereal relatives (Poaceae) [J].Journal of Cereal Science,2009,49(1):4-11.
[8] MIKAMI I,AIKAWA M,HIRANO H Y,et al.Altered tissue-specific expression at the Wx gene of the opaque mutants in rice [J].Euphytica,1999,105(2):91-97.
[9] LIU L L,MA X D,LIU S J,et al.Identification and characterization of a novel Waxy allele from a Yunnan rice landrace [J].Plant Molecular Biology,2009,71(6):609-626.
[10] SATO H,SUZUKI Y,SAKAI M,et al.Molecular characterization of Wx-mq,a novel mutant gene for low-amylose content in endosperm of rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].Breeding Science,2002,52(2):131-135.
[11] WU Y P,PU C H,LIN H Y,et al.Three novel alleles of FLOURY ENDOSPERM2 (FLO2) confer dull grains with low amylose content in rice [J].Plant Science,2015,233:44-52.
[12] ZHANG L,REN Y L,LU B Y,et al.FLOURY ENDOSPERM72 encodes a regulator of starch synthesis and amyloplast development essential for peripheral endosperm development in rice [J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2016,67(3):633-647.
[13] KONG X L,SUN X,XU F F,et al.Morphological and physicochemical properties of two starch mutants induced from a high amylose indica rice by gamma irradiation [J].Starch,2014,66:157-165.
[14] ZHOU X,YING Y,HU B L,et al.Physicochemical properties and digestibility of endosperm starches in four indica rice mutants [J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2018,195:1-8.
[15] KANAE A,SHUICHI I,TAKESHI Y.Morphological,physical,and chemical properties of grain and flour from chalky rice mutants [J].Cereal Chemistry,2009,86(2):225-231.
[16] MAN J,LIN L,WANG Z,et al.Different structures of heterogeneous starch granules from high-amylose rice [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2014,62(46):11254-11263.
[17] FAN X X,ZHANG S C,LIN L S,et al.Properties of new starches from tubers of Arisa emaelephas,yunnanense and erubescens [J].Food Hydrocolloids,2016,61:183-190.
[18] KONIK-ROSE C M,MOSS R,RAHMAN S,et al.Evaluation of the 40 mg swelling test for measuring starch functionality [J].Starch,2015,53(1):14-20.
[19] ZHANG L,ZHAO L L,BIAN X F,et al.Characterization and comparative study of starches from seven purple sweet potatoes [J].Food Hydrocolloids,2018,80:168-176.
[20] HE W,WEI C.Progress in C-type starches from different plant sources [J].Food Hydrocolloids,2017,73:162-175.
[21] WEI C X,QIN F C,ZHOU W D,et al.Granule structure and distribution of allomorphs in C-type high-amylose rice starch granule modified by antisense RNA inhibition of starch branching enzyme [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(22):11946-11954.
[22] FUJITA N,YOSHIDA M,KONDO T,et al.Characterization of SSIIIa-deficient mutants of rice:the function of SSIIIa and pleiotropic effects by SSIIIa deficiency in the rice endosperm [J].Plant Physiology,2007,144(4):2009-2023.
[23] QIAO Y,LEE S I,PIAO R,et al.Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of the floury endosperm gene,FLO(a),in rice [J].Molecules and Cells,2010,29(2):167-174.
[24] RYOO N,YU C,PARK C S,et al.Knockout of a starch synthase gene OsSSIIIa/Fl05 causes white-core floury endosperm in rice (Oryza sativa L.) [J].Plant Cell Reports,2007,26(7):1083-1095.
[25] ZHANG L,ZHAO L L,ZHANG X,et al.Characterization and starch properties of a Waxy mutant in japonica rice Kitaake [J].Journal of Agriculture and Crops,2018,4(11):117-124.
[26] CAI J W,MAN J W,HUANG J,et al.Relationship between structure and functional properties of normal rice starches with different amylose contents [J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2015,125:35-44.
[27] ZHU D W,ZHANG H C,GUO B W,et al.Physicochemical properties of indica-japonica hybrid rice starch from Chinese varieties [J].Food Hydrocolloids,2017,63:356-363.
[28] PARK I M,IBANEZ A M,ZHONG F,et al.Gelatinization and pasting properties of waxy and non-waxy rice starches [J].Starch,2010,59:388-396.
[29] PELISSARI F M,SOBRAL P,MENEGALLI F C.Isolation and characterization of the flour and starch of plantain bananas (Musa paradisiaca) [J].Starch,2012,64:382-391.
[30] ZHANG C Q,CHEN S J,REN X Y,et al.Molecular structure and physicochemical properties of starches from rice with different amylose contents resulting from modification of OsGBSSI activity [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2017,65(10):2222-2232.
[31] LI Q F,HUANG L C,CHU R,et al.Down-regulation of SSSII-2 gene expression results in novel low-amylose rice with soft,transparent grains [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2018,66(37):9750-9760.
[32] CHUNG H J,LIM H S,LIM S T.Effect of partial gelatinization and retrogradation on the enzymatic digestion of waxy rice starch [J].Journal of Cereal Science,2006,43(3):353-359.
[33] CARCEA M,ACQUISTUCCI R.Isolation and physicochemical characterization of fonio (Digitariaexilis stapf) starch [J].Starch,1997,49:131-135.
[34] TAMAKI M,ITANI T,SUETSUGU M.Relationship between the starch properties of white-core tissue and polishing characteristics in brewers’ rice kernels [J].Plant Production Science,2009,12(2):233-236.
[35] ZHU D W,WEI H Y,GUO B W,et al.The effects of chilling stress after anthesis on the physicochemicalproperties of rice (Oryza sativa L) starch [J].Food Chemistry,2017,237:936-941.