基于灰色聚类法的贾汪废弃矿区地下水水质综合评价
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摘要
徐州贾汪矿区开采历史超过100年,目前大部分矿井已经关闭,废弃矿井地下水位回弹,对周边地下水产生潜在的污染。对矿区及周边23个水井进行了取样测试,分别用单因子指数法和灰色聚类法进行了评价。单因子指数法评价结果表明:贾汪矿区地下水已经出现不同程度的超标现象,地下水中主要超标指标主要为总硬度、硫酸盐和可溶性固体。以铁、硫酸盐、氟化物、总硬度以及可溶性固体5个因子作为评价指标进行了灰色聚类分析,结果表明:贾汪矿区地下水环境整体较好,部分靠近关闭矿井的地区水质已经受到污染,主要超标组分为铁、硫酸盐和可溶性固体。因此,随着其他矿井的关闭,污染范围和污染程度将增大,应尽快采取保护措施。
Xuzhou Jiawang mining area has been mining for more than 100 years.At present,most of the mines have been shut down.The groundwater level in the abandoned mining area rebounds,which is a potential contamination to the surrounding groundwater.In this paper,23 wells in the mine and the surrounding area were sampled test,respectively;the water quality was evaluated by using the single factor index method and gray clustering method.The evaluation results of the single factor index indicated that Jiawang mine had groundwater contamination standard-exceeded phenomenon at different degree;the main standard-exceeded indexes of groundwater were total hardness,sulfate and solubility solid.Taking five factors,including iron,sulfate,fluoride,total hardness and solubility solid,as the evaluation indexes,the gray clustering analysis was conducted.The results showed that the groundwater environment in Jiawang mine was good as a whole;the water in some areas near the closed mine had been contaminated;the main standard-exceeded components are iron,sulfate and solubility solid.Thus,along with the closure of other mines,the scope and the extent of the contamination will increase,and the protective measures should be taken as soon as possible.
Xuzhou Jiawang mining area has been mining for more than 100 years.At present,most of the mines have been shut down.The groundwater level in the abandoned mining area rebounds,which is a potential contamination to the surrounding groundwater.In this paper,23 wells in the mine and the surrounding area were sampled test,respectively;the water quality was evaluated by using the single factor index method and gray clustering method.The evaluation results of the single factor index indicated that Jiawang mine had groundwater contamination standard-exceeded phenomenon at different degree;the main standard-exceeded indexes of groundwater were total hardness,sulfate and solubility solid.Taking five factors,including iron,sulfate,fluoride,total hardness and solubility solid,as the evaluation indexes,the gray clustering analysis was conducted.The results showed that the groundwater environment in Jiawang mine was good as a whole;the water in some areas near the closed mine had been contaminated;the main standard-exceeded components are iron,sulfate and solubility solid.Thus,along with the closure of other mines,the scope and the extent of the contamination will increase,and the protective measures should be taken as soon as possible.
引文
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[13]张健俐.淄川区煤矿闭坑地下水污染防治[J].地下水,2001,(3):118-120.
[14]白玉华,尤晓光,张岩.废弃煤矿对贵阳水源地的污染及治理措施[J].北京工业大学学报,2010,(7):977-980.
[15]邓聚龙.灰色系统基本方法[M].武汉:华中工学院出版社,1987.
[16]云逸,邹志红.灰色聚类法在三峡库区城市江段水质综合评价中的应用[J].数学的实践与认识,2007,(12):65-72.
[2]李进,陈益滨,师伟,等.模糊综合评价法在地下水水质评价中的应用[J].地下水,2006,(2):4-5.
[3]董艳慧,周维博,赖坤容,等.基于概率神经网络的西安地区地下水水质评价[J].自然资源学报,2009,(4):737-742.
[4]黄兴国,刘秀花.水环境质量评价中几种方法的对比[J].地下水,2005,(2):125-126.
[5]郝庆杰.灰色聚类法在汇河水质评价中的应用[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,(4):115-122.
[6]邓璇,陈庆华,张江山.灰色聚类法在福建晋江水系水质评价中的应用[J].环境科学与管理,2010,(9):187-191.
[7]江敏,刘金金,卢柳,等.灰色聚类法综合评价滴水湖水系环境质量[J].生态环境学报,2012,(2):346-352.
[8]李亚松,张兆吉,费宇红,等.改进的灰色聚类法在地下水质量评价中的应用[J].水资源保护,2012,(5):25-28.
[9]陈安,罗亚田.改进的灰色聚类法在水质综合评价中的应用[J].国外建材科技,2002,(2):31-35.
[10]虎维岳,周建军,闫兰英.废弃矿井水位回弹诱致环境与安全灾害分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2010,(4):436-440.
[11]虎维岳,闫兰英.废弃矿井地下水污染特征及防治技术[J].煤矿环境保护,2000,(4):37-38.
[12]吕华,刘洪量,马振民,等.淄博市洪山、寨里煤矿地下水串层污染形成原因及防治[J].中国煤田地质,2005,(4):24-27.
[13]张健俐.淄川区煤矿闭坑地下水污染防治[J].地下水,2001,(3):118-120.
[14]白玉华,尤晓光,张岩.废弃煤矿对贵阳水源地的污染及治理措施[J].北京工业大学学报,2010,(7):977-980.
[15]邓聚龙.灰色系统基本方法[M].武汉:华中工学院出版社,1987.
[16]云逸,邹志红.灰色聚类法在三峡库区城市江段水质综合评价中的应用[J].数学的实践与认识,2007,(12):65-72.