基于稳定同位素模型解析农业污染河流氮源
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摘要
采用水质监测技术和稳定氮同位素示踪技术对社渎港中游地区进行氮污染特征和污染源解析。在定性描述的基础上结合稳定同位素模型(SIAR),对各硝酸盐污染源的贡献率进行定量计算并进行了后验概率分布检验。结果表明:(1)在枯水期TN较高,平均为5.34mg/L,农业生产集中区TN污染最严重。(2)硝酸盐污染主要来源包括生活污水和粪肥、化学肥料及土壤氮。其中,生活污水和粪肥对硝酸盐的贡献率最高,平均为45%;化学肥料次之,贡献率平均为31%;土壤氮的贡献率平均为24%。
The nitrogen pollution characteristics and pollution sources was investigated by using water quality monitoring technique and stable nitrogen isotope tracer technique in midstream areas of the Shedu River basin.Stable isotopes and a Bayesian model(stable isotope analysis in R)were applied to identify nitrate sources and estimate the proportional contributions of multiple nitrate sources.And the posterior probability distribution was tested.It was showed that:(1)the TN was high in the drought water period,with an average mass concentration of 5.35 mg/L.The concentration in agricultural production area was the most serious.(2)The main sources of nitrate pollution were follows:manure and sewage from human and animal,soil nitrogen and fertilizer.Among them,manure and sewage had the highest contribution rate to nitrate pollution,with an average distribution range of 45%.The contribution rate of fertilizer was next,with an average distribution range of 31%.The average contribution rate of soil nitrogen was 24%.
The nitrogen pollution characteristics and pollution sources was investigated by using water quality monitoring technique and stable nitrogen isotope tracer technique in midstream areas of the Shedu River basin.Stable isotopes and a Bayesian model(stable isotope analysis in R)were applied to identify nitrate sources and estimate the proportional contributions of multiple nitrate sources.And the posterior probability distribution was tested.It was showed that:(1)the TN was high in the drought water period,with an average mass concentration of 5.35 mg/L.The concentration in agricultural production area was the most serious.(2)The main sources of nitrate pollution were follows:manure and sewage from human and animal,soil nitrogen and fertilizer.Among them,manure and sewage had the highest contribution rate to nitrate pollution,with an average distribution range of 45%.The contribution rate of fertilizer was next,with an average distribution range of 31%.The average contribution rate of soil nitrogen was 24%.
引文
[1]李荣富,罗跃辉,曾洪玉,等.稳定同位素技术在环境水体氮的生物地球化学循环研究中的应用[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),2016,52(1):16-26.
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[15]徐春英,李玉中,李巧珍,等.土壤浸提液中硝酸盐氮氧同位素组成的反硝化细菌法测定[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(9):1829-1836.
[16]王玄,江红星,张亚楠.稳定同位素分析在鸟类食性及营养级结构中的应用[J].生态学报,2015,35(16):5556-5569.
[17]金赞芳,张文辽,郑奇,等.氮氧同位素联合稳定同位素模型解析水源地氮源[J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2039-2047.
[18]XIA Y,LI Y,ZHANG X,et al.Nitrate source apportionment using a combined dual isotope,chemical and bacterial property,and Bayesian model approach in river systems[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeosciences,2017,71(1):3-20.
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[20]王曦,曹亚澄,韩勇,等.化学转化法测定水体中硝酸盐的氮氧同位素比值[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):558-566.
[21]郑敏芳,胡王江,邱雨生,等.GasbenchⅡ-IRMS升级N2O预富集装置测定海水硝酸盐的氮氧同位素[J].应用海洋学学报,2017,36(1):135-142.
[22]XIA Y,WELLER D E,WILLIAMS M N,et al.Using Bayesian hierarchical models to better understand nitrate sources and sinks in agricultural watersheds[J].Water Research,2016,105:527-539.
[23]XUE D,BOTTE J,DE B B,et al.Present limitations and future prospects of stable isotope methods for nitrate source identification in surface and groundwater[J].Water Research,2009,43(5):1159-1170.
[24]YANG L,HAN J,XUE J,et al.Nitrate source apportionment in a subtropical watershed using Bayesian model[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,464(5):340-347.
[25]周建英,王飞跃,曾大军.分层Dirichlet过程及其应用综述[J].自动化学报,2011,37(4):389-407.
[2]MENG Z,YANG Y,QIN Z,et al.Evaluating temporal and spatial variation in nitrogen sources along the lower reach of Fenhe River(Shanxi Province,China)using stable isotope and hydrochemical tracers[J].Water,2018,10(3):231-236.
[3]林琳,吴敬禄,曾海鳌,等.人类活动对太湖水环境影响的稳定氮同位素示踪[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(4):546-552.
[4]FOGG G E,ROLSTON D E,DECKER D L,et al.Spatial variation in nitrogen isotope values beneath nitrate contamination sources[J].Ground Water,2010,36(3):418-426.
[5]刘贯群,周书玉,黄修东,等.多种方法识别青岛大沽河平原区地下水硝酸盐污染来源[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(1):347-356.
[6]马广文,王业耀,香宝,等.阿什河水系枯水期氮污染特征与同位素源解析[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(11):6-11.
[7]吴文欢,何小娟,苏跃龙,等.基于氮氧稳定同位素识别水体氮源的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(8):77-84.
[8]徐志伟,张心昱,于贵瑞,等.中国水体硝酸盐氮氧双稳定同位素溯源研究进展[J].环境科学,2014,35(8):3230-3238.
[9]赵庆良,马慧雅,任玉芬,等.利用δ15 N-NO-3和δ18 O-NO-3示踪北京城区河流硝酸盐来源[J].环境科学,2016,37(5):1692-1698.
[10]傅金祥,单敬敬,袁雅姝,等.基于δ15 N-NO-3、δ18 O-NO-3及质量平衡混合模型对浑河沈抚段氮素溯源研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2018,34(1):165-175.
[11]李瑞,肖琼,刘文,等.运用硫同位素、氮氧同位素示踪里湖地下河硫酸盐、硝酸盐来源[J].环境科学,2015,36(8):2877-2886.
[12]CLAGUE J C,STENGER R,CLOUGH T J.Evaluation of the stable isotope signatures of nitrate to detect denitrification in a shallow groundwater system in New Zealand[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2015,202(4):188-197.
[13]VISTONTI A,CARONI R,RAWCLIFFE R,et al.Defining seasonal functional traits of a freshwater zooplankton community usingδ13 C andδ15 N stable isotope analysis[J].Water,2018,10(2):108-113.
[14]毛巍,梁志伟,李伟,等.利用氮、氧稳定同位素识别水体硝酸盐污染源研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(4):1146-1152.
[15]徐春英,李玉中,李巧珍,等.土壤浸提液中硝酸盐氮氧同位素组成的反硝化细菌法测定[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(9):1829-1836.
[16]王玄,江红星,张亚楠.稳定同位素分析在鸟类食性及营养级结构中的应用[J].生态学报,2015,35(16):5556-5569.
[17]金赞芳,张文辽,郑奇,等.氮氧同位素联合稳定同位素模型解析水源地氮源[J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2039-2047.
[18]XIA Y,LI Y,ZHANG X,et al.Nitrate source apportionment using a combined dual isotope,chemical and bacterial property,and Bayesian model approach in river systems[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeosciences,2017,71(1):3-20.
[19]ZHANG Q,WANG X,SUN F,et al.Assessment of temporal and spatial differences of source apportionment of nitrate in an urban river in China,usingδ15 N andδ18 O values and an isotope mixing model[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2015,22(24):20226-20233.
[20]王曦,曹亚澄,韩勇,等.化学转化法测定水体中硝酸盐的氮氧同位素比值[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):558-566.
[21]郑敏芳,胡王江,邱雨生,等.GasbenchⅡ-IRMS升级N2O预富集装置测定海水硝酸盐的氮氧同位素[J].应用海洋学学报,2017,36(1):135-142.
[22]XIA Y,WELLER D E,WILLIAMS M N,et al.Using Bayesian hierarchical models to better understand nitrate sources and sinks in agricultural watersheds[J].Water Research,2016,105:527-539.
[23]XUE D,BOTTE J,DE B B,et al.Present limitations and future prospects of stable isotope methods for nitrate source identification in surface and groundwater[J].Water Research,2009,43(5):1159-1170.
[24]YANG L,HAN J,XUE J,et al.Nitrate source apportionment in a subtropical watershed using Bayesian model[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,464(5):340-347.
[25]周建英,王飞跃,曾大军.分层Dirichlet过程及其应用综述[J].自动化学报,2011,37(4):389-407.