气固两相流模型及细粒煤振动流化床的模拟应用
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摘要
为深入认识振动流化床床层微观结构,模拟、预测和优化控制气固两相流动和传热行为,基于对床层时空多尺度不均匀结构特性的分析,全面综述和分析了振动流化床模拟广泛采用的气固两相流模型的类型、特点、优缺点及应用现状,并对未来发展进行了展望。结果表明:拟流体模型模拟结果接近于工程实际,离散颗粒模型能跟踪颗粒运动轨迹,拟颗粒模型能揭示床层非均匀结构和求解复杂流场问题,无统一的模型全面描述气固两相流动;双流体模型和离散颗粒模型能较好地模拟床层空隙率、固体颗粒浓度和速度、颗粒分布均匀性和气压稳定性,模型和参数的选择非常关键,基本方程的求解有难度,与工程实际还有差距;引入非线性理论表征多流态流型与床层不均匀结构,研究振动流化床能量传播行为和离析混合模式控制机制是未来的发展方向。
In order to understand the microstructure of vibrated fluidized bed and to simulate,predict and optimize the control of gas-solid two-phase flow and heat transfer behavior,based on the analysis of the spatio-temporal heterogeneous structure characteristics of the bed,the types,characteristics,advantages,disadvantages and application status of gas-solid two-phase flow models widely used in vibrated fluidized bed simulation are reviewed and analyzed,and the future development is prospected.The results show that: the simulation results of the pseudo-fluid model are close to the engineering practice,the discrete particle model can track the particle trajectory,the pseudo-particle model can reveal the non-uniform structure of the bed and solve the complex flow field problems,there is no unified model to describe gas-solid flow in a comprehensive way.The two-fluid model and the discrete particle model can well simulate the porosity,solid particle concentration and velocity,particle distribution uniformity and pressure stability of the bed.The choice of model and parameters is very important,and it is difficult to solve the basic equation,so there is still a gap with the engineering practice.The introduction of non-linear theory to characterize the multi-flow regime and the non-uniform structure of the bed,and the study of the energy transfer behavior and the control mechanism of segregation and mixing modes in the vibrated fluidized bed are the future development directions.
In order to understand the microstructure of vibrated fluidized bed and to simulate,predict and optimize the control of gas-solid two-phase flow and heat transfer behavior,based on the analysis of the spatio-temporal heterogeneous structure characteristics of the bed,the types,characteristics,advantages,disadvantages and application status of gas-solid two-phase flow models widely used in vibrated fluidized bed simulation are reviewed and analyzed,and the future development is prospected.The results show that: the simulation results of the pseudo-fluid model are close to the engineering practice,the discrete particle model can track the particle trajectory,the pseudo-particle model can reveal the non-uniform structure of the bed and solve the complex flow field problems,there is no unified model to describe gas-solid flow in a comprehensive way.The two-fluid model and the discrete particle model can well simulate the porosity,solid particle concentration and velocity,particle distribution uniformity and pressure stability of the bed.The choice of model and parameters is very important,and it is difficult to solve the basic equation,so there is still a gap with the engineering practice.The introduction of non-linear theory to characterize the multi-flow regime and the non-uniform structure of the bed,and the study of the energy transfer behavior and the control mechanism of segregation and mixing modes in the vibrated fluidized bed are the future development directions.
引文
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[9]郑大海,陈增强,周恩会,等.振动流化床流化特性与细粒煤分选研究[J].煤炭技术,2018,37(2):321-323.ZHENG Dahai,CHEN Zengqiang,ZHOU Enhui,et al.Research on fluidization characteristics and fine coal separation of vibrated fluidized bed[J].Coal Technology,2018,37(2):321-323.
[10]韦鲁滨,朱学帅,马力强,等.褐煤空气重介质流化床干法分选与干燥一体化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(6):125-128.WEI Lubin,ZHU Xueshuai,MA Liqiang,et al. Study on integration of lignite air heavy medium fluidized bed dry separation and drying[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(6):125-128.
[11]韦鲁滨,李凌月,万光显,等.新型空气重介质流化床分选机半工业性试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(5):107-109.WEI Lubin,LI Lingyue,WAN Guangxian,et al. Semi-industrial experimental study on new style air dense medium fluidized bed separator[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(5):107-109.
[12]朱冉,赵跃民,赵鹏飞,等.空气重介质流化床中细粒煤的流化与分选特性[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):729-736.ZHU Ran,ZHAO Yuemin,ZHAO Pengfei,et al. Bed fluidization characteristics and separating effect of fine coal in an air dense medium fluidized bed[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):729-736.
[13]许爱国,张广财,李英骏,等.非平衡与多相复杂系统模拟研究:Lattice Boltzmann动理学理论与应用[J].物理学进展,2014,34(3):136-167.XU Aiguo,ZHANG Guangcai,LI Yingjun,et al. Modeling and simulation of non-equilibrium and multiphase complex systems:Lattice Boltzmann kinetic theory and application[J]. Process in Physics,2014,34(3):136-167.
[14]林亮成,郑忠,陈伟,等.不同曳力模型对鼓泡床内气固两相流的模拟研究[J].化学反应工程与工艺,2010,26(5):390-398.LIN Liangcheng,ZHENG Zhong,CHEN Wei,et al. Simulation study of gas-solid two phase flow in a bubbling fluidized bed with various drag force models[J].Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology,2010,26(5):390-398.
[15]王维,洪坤,鲁波娜,等.流态化模拟:基于介尺度结构的多尺度CFD[J].化工学报,2013,64(1):95-102.WANG Wei,HONG Kun,LU Bona,et al. Fluidized bed simulation:structure-dependent multiscale CFD[J]. CIESC Journal,2013,64(1):95-102.
[16]陈巨辉,殷维杰,于广滨,等.流化床气固相间脉动能量作用分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(19):5674-5681.CHEN Juhui,YIN Weijie,YU Guangbin,et al.Analysis of the gassolid interphase fluctuating energy interaction in fluidized bed[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(19):5674-5681.
[17]徐泳,孙其诚,张凌,等.颗粒离散元法研究进展[J].力学进展,2003,33(2):251-260.XU Yong, SUN Qicheng, ZHANG Ling,et al. Advances in discrete element method for particulate materials[J]. Advance in Mechanics,2003,33(2):251-260.
[18]谭成,张克平.颗粒流体数学模型研究进展[J].河北科技大学学报,2013,34(3):294-296.TAN Cheng,ZHANG Keping. Research advance in granular flow mathematical model[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology,2013,34(3):294-296.
[19]葛蔚,李静海.颗粒流体系统拟颗粒模拟的进展[J].过程工程学报,2002,2(S):450-453.GE Wei,LI Jinghai.Development in Pseudo-Particle simulation of particle-fluid systems[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2002,2(S):450-453.
[20]张衡.低温烟气褐煤干燥工艺研究与数值模拟[D].沈阳:东北大学,2010:42-55.
[21]郭利泉.大型振动流化床气固两相流态化分析[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011:48-67.
[22]卓松生.振动流态化技术在褐煤干燥中的应用研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011:33-47.
[23]张双田.基于多孔介质理论的振动流化床流化质量的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2012:24-56.
[24]朱亮,柳洪义,原培新.基于流态化技术的振动流化床气固两相流动分析[J].中国工程机械学报,2013,11(1):1-5.ZHU Liang,LIU Hongyi,YUAN Peixin.Analysis of gas-solid twophase flow in vibration fluidization technology[J].Chinese Journal of Construction on Machinery,2013,11(1):1-5.
[25]孔琦,丁洁.振动流化床中气泡和颗粒运动特性的数值模拟[J].广东化工,2015,42(10):31-32.KONG Qi,DING Jie.Numerical simulation of bubble and particle motion in vibrated fluidized bed[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2015,42(10):31-32.
[26]张亚恒,何亚群,王帅.振动力对流化床内气泡行为影响的数值模拟[J].中国粉体技术,2015,21(4):1-5.ZHANG Yaheng,HE Yaqun,WANG Shuai. Numerical simulation of effect of vibration force on bubble behavior in fluidized bed[J].China Powder Science and Technology,2015,21(4):1-5.
[27]李响.外场作用下流化床中气固两相流动数值模拟[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010:43-56.
[28]尹宁.基于CFD-DEM耦合分析方法的褐煤振动流化现象研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013:45-57.
[2]杨旭亮,赵跃民,骆振福,等.振动流态化的能量传递机制及对细粒煤的分选研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(2):266-270.YANG Xuliang,ZHAO Yuemin,LUO Zhenfu,et al.Energy transfer mechanism of vibro-fluidization and its separation for fine coal[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2013,42(2):266-270.
[3]石丁丁,赵跃民,张振华,等.不同参数对振动流化床分选细粒褐煤的影响[J].洁净煤技术,2013,19(3):1-5.SHI Dingding,ZHAO Yuemin,ZHANG Zhenhua,et al.Influence of vibrated fluidized bed parameters on fine lignite separation[J].Clean Coal Technology,2013,19(3):1-5.
[4]罗云萧,赵杰,王英伟,等.振动流化床分选细粒煤的稳定性与操作因子优化[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(6):136-140.LUO Yunxiao,ZHAO Jie,WANG Yingwei,et al. Fluidization stability of vibrated fluidized bed and optimization of operating factors for fine coal separation[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(6):136-140.
[5]韦鲁滨,刘鹏,李凌月,等.空气重介质振动流化床入料特性与操作参数的协同研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):458-463.WEI Lubin,LIU Peng,LI Lingyue,et al.Synergy of coal feed characteristics and operating parameters on the performance of vibrated air-dense medium fluidized bed[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):458-463.
[6]付芝杰,周晨阳,赵跃民,等.宽粒级细粒煤振动流化床分选特性的研究[J].煤炭技术,2017,36(8):289-291.FU Zhijie,ZHOU Chenyang,ZHAO Yuemin,et al. Study on effect of fine coal with wide size range on separation characteristics of vibrated gas-fluidized bed[J].Coal Technology,2017,36(8):289-291.
[7]陈伟,骆振福,庄宏乾,等.二元加重质振动流化床的流化及分选特性研究[J].中国煤炭,2016,42(10):77-81.CHEN Wei,LUO Zhenfu,ZHUANG Hongqian,et al. Study on the fluidization and separation characteristics of the two-spot dense medium vibrated fluidized bed[J].China Coal,2016,42(10):77-81.
[8]赵杰,陈增强,赵跃民,等.振动流化床分选细粒煤的稳定性研究[J].矿山机械,2015,43(1):85-90.ZHAO Jie,CHEN Zengqiang,ZHAO Yuemin,et al.Study on separation stability of fine coal with vibrating fluidized bed[J]. Mining Processing Equipment,2015,43(1):85-90.
[9]郑大海,陈增强,周恩会,等.振动流化床流化特性与细粒煤分选研究[J].煤炭技术,2018,37(2):321-323.ZHENG Dahai,CHEN Zengqiang,ZHOU Enhui,et al.Research on fluidization characteristics and fine coal separation of vibrated fluidized bed[J].Coal Technology,2018,37(2):321-323.
[10]韦鲁滨,朱学帅,马力强,等.褐煤空气重介质流化床干法分选与干燥一体化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(6):125-128.WEI Lubin,ZHU Xueshuai,MA Liqiang,et al. Study on integration of lignite air heavy medium fluidized bed dry separation and drying[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(6):125-128.
[11]韦鲁滨,李凌月,万光显,等.新型空气重介质流化床分选机半工业性试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(5):107-109.WEI Lubin,LI Lingyue,WAN Guangxian,et al. Semi-industrial experimental study on new style air dense medium fluidized bed separator[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(5):107-109.
[12]朱冉,赵跃民,赵鹏飞,等.空气重介质流化床中细粒煤的流化与分选特性[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):729-736.ZHU Ran,ZHAO Yuemin,ZHAO Pengfei,et al. Bed fluidization characteristics and separating effect of fine coal in an air dense medium fluidized bed[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):729-736.
[13]许爱国,张广财,李英骏,等.非平衡与多相复杂系统模拟研究:Lattice Boltzmann动理学理论与应用[J].物理学进展,2014,34(3):136-167.XU Aiguo,ZHANG Guangcai,LI Yingjun,et al. Modeling and simulation of non-equilibrium and multiphase complex systems:Lattice Boltzmann kinetic theory and application[J]. Process in Physics,2014,34(3):136-167.
[14]林亮成,郑忠,陈伟,等.不同曳力模型对鼓泡床内气固两相流的模拟研究[J].化学反应工程与工艺,2010,26(5):390-398.LIN Liangcheng,ZHENG Zhong,CHEN Wei,et al. Simulation study of gas-solid two phase flow in a bubbling fluidized bed with various drag force models[J].Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology,2010,26(5):390-398.
[15]王维,洪坤,鲁波娜,等.流态化模拟:基于介尺度结构的多尺度CFD[J].化工学报,2013,64(1):95-102.WANG Wei,HONG Kun,LU Bona,et al. Fluidized bed simulation:structure-dependent multiscale CFD[J]. CIESC Journal,2013,64(1):95-102.
[16]陈巨辉,殷维杰,于广滨,等.流化床气固相间脉动能量作用分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(19):5674-5681.CHEN Juhui,YIN Weijie,YU Guangbin,et al.Analysis of the gassolid interphase fluctuating energy interaction in fluidized bed[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(19):5674-5681.
[17]徐泳,孙其诚,张凌,等.颗粒离散元法研究进展[J].力学进展,2003,33(2):251-260.XU Yong, SUN Qicheng, ZHANG Ling,et al. Advances in discrete element method for particulate materials[J]. Advance in Mechanics,2003,33(2):251-260.
[18]谭成,张克平.颗粒流体数学模型研究进展[J].河北科技大学学报,2013,34(3):294-296.TAN Cheng,ZHANG Keping. Research advance in granular flow mathematical model[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology,2013,34(3):294-296.
[19]葛蔚,李静海.颗粒流体系统拟颗粒模拟的进展[J].过程工程学报,2002,2(S):450-453.GE Wei,LI Jinghai.Development in Pseudo-Particle simulation of particle-fluid systems[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2002,2(S):450-453.
[20]张衡.低温烟气褐煤干燥工艺研究与数值模拟[D].沈阳:东北大学,2010:42-55.
[21]郭利泉.大型振动流化床气固两相流态化分析[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011:48-67.
[22]卓松生.振动流态化技术在褐煤干燥中的应用研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011:33-47.
[23]张双田.基于多孔介质理论的振动流化床流化质量的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2012:24-56.
[24]朱亮,柳洪义,原培新.基于流态化技术的振动流化床气固两相流动分析[J].中国工程机械学报,2013,11(1):1-5.ZHU Liang,LIU Hongyi,YUAN Peixin.Analysis of gas-solid twophase flow in vibration fluidization technology[J].Chinese Journal of Construction on Machinery,2013,11(1):1-5.
[25]孔琦,丁洁.振动流化床中气泡和颗粒运动特性的数值模拟[J].广东化工,2015,42(10):31-32.KONG Qi,DING Jie.Numerical simulation of bubble and particle motion in vibrated fluidized bed[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2015,42(10):31-32.
[26]张亚恒,何亚群,王帅.振动力对流化床内气泡行为影响的数值模拟[J].中国粉体技术,2015,21(4):1-5.ZHANG Yaheng,HE Yaqun,WANG Shuai. Numerical simulation of effect of vibration force on bubble behavior in fluidized bed[J].China Powder Science and Technology,2015,21(4):1-5.
[27]李响.外场作用下流化床中气固两相流动数值模拟[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010:43-56.
[28]尹宁.基于CFD-DEM耦合分析方法的褐煤振动流化现象研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013:45-57.