兴义市菜用刺五加的露地栽培技术
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摘要
为了发挥菜用刺五加栽培管理方便、生产费用较低、经济效益突出的优势,以及刺五加本身特有的抗肿瘤、降血脂、解疲劳、软化血管、调节血压、降低血液黏稠度等药用功效,满足人们对绿色生态及保健养生食品的旺盛需求,对传统菜用刺五加品种——细柱五加进行了大面积播种、扦插、分株繁殖培育,并通过砂、黏壤土选择,种子砂藏后熟,保护地育苗,插条生根剂处理,秋冬季切根分株,定植后水肥逐月增加,冬季修剪平,嫩茎留叶采收等精细管理措施,取得了刺五加平均每月采收1次,每次667 m~2产量250～300 kg,667 m~2年产量2 000～2 500 kg,年产值在10 000元以上,成年菜园连续生产能力在8年左右的可喜效果。
In order to give full play to the advantages of convenient cultivation and management, low production cost and outstanding economic benefits of Acanthopanax senticosus, as well as Acanthopanax senticosus unique anti-cancer, lipid-lowering, fatigue-relieving, softening blood vessels, regulating blood pressure, reducing blood viscosity and other medicinal effects, to meet people's strong demand for green ecology and healthy food, the traditional vegetable Acanthopanax senticosus cultivar Acanthopanax tenuifolia was sown, cutted and propagated in large area. Fine management measures such as soil selection, seed sand storage, seedling raising in protected area, rooting agent treatment of cuttings, rooting and ramification in autumn and winter, increasing water and fertilizer monthly after planting, pruning in winter, and harvesting young stems were adopted. Acanthopanax senticosus harvested once a month on average, the yield of once was 250～300 kg per 667 m~2 and the annual yield was 2 000～2 500 kg per 667 m~2 with the benefit for more than 10 000 yuan. The continuous production capacity of adult vegetable gardens was about 8 years.
In order to give full play to the advantages of convenient cultivation and management, low production cost and outstanding economic benefits of Acanthopanax senticosus, as well as Acanthopanax senticosus unique anti-cancer, lipid-lowering, fatigue-relieving, softening blood vessels, regulating blood pressure, reducing blood viscosity and other medicinal effects, to meet people's strong demand for green ecology and healthy food, the traditional vegetable Acanthopanax senticosus cultivar Acanthopanax tenuifolia was sown, cutted and propagated in large area. Fine management measures such as soil selection, seed sand storage, seedling raising in protected area, rooting agent treatment of cuttings, rooting and ramification in autumn and winter, increasing water and fertilizer monthly after planting, pruning in winter, and harvesting young stems were adopted. Acanthopanax senticosus harvested once a month on average, the yield of once was 250～300 kg per 667 m~2 and the annual yield was 2 000～2 500 kg per 667 m~2 with the benefit for more than 10 000 yuan. The continuous production capacity of adult vegetable gardens was about 8 years.
引文
[1]中国科学院植物研究所数字植物项目组.中国植物志[M/OL].北京:科学出版社,1978:107[2014-04-16].http://frps.eflora.cn/frps/%E4%BA%94%E5%8A%A0.
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[7]冉宪飞,刘淼,任跃英,等.不同栽培模式对刺五加生长和产量的影响[J].人参研究,2015,27(2):33-35.
[8]崔立勇,佟庆,张忠,等.刺五加栽培园的管理技术[J].吉林林业科技,2015,44(3):52-53.
[9]王淑田,谢占全.刺五加露地栽培技术[J].吉林林业科技,2014,43(4):50-51.
[10]张志斌.我国夏秋冷凉蔬菜的发展[J].中国蔬菜,2012(15):4-6.
[11]毛丽萍,赵婧,巫东堂.山西省夏秋冷凉蔬菜产业发展现状、问题及建议[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(7):1178-1180.
[12]赵琦.本溪地区药用刺五加无公害田间栽培技术[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2018,41(3):31-32.
[2]周旭昌,吴炳强,王永明,等.刺五加规范化仿生栽培技术研究[J].绿色科技,2018(13):71-72.
[3]刘宝同,薛鹏,潘杰,等.短梗刺五加人工栽培技术[J].防护林科技,2018(2):92-93.
[4]张英明.红松嫁接苗套种刺五加山地高产栽培技术[J].防护林科技,2016(9):116-117.
[5]吴春芳,龙晓晨,李强峰.三种五加在青海不同地区的引种栽培表现[J].北方园艺,2016(9):157-159.
[6]李海山.刺五加人工栽培技术[J].农民致富之友,2015(18):86.
[7]冉宪飞,刘淼,任跃英,等.不同栽培模式对刺五加生长和产量的影响[J].人参研究,2015,27(2):33-35.
[8]崔立勇,佟庆,张忠,等.刺五加栽培园的管理技术[J].吉林林业科技,2015,44(3):52-53.
[9]王淑田,谢占全.刺五加露地栽培技术[J].吉林林业科技,2014,43(4):50-51.
[10]张志斌.我国夏秋冷凉蔬菜的发展[J].中国蔬菜,2012(15):4-6.
[11]毛丽萍,赵婧,巫东堂.山西省夏秋冷凉蔬菜产业发展现状、问题及建议[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(7):1178-1180.
[12]赵琦.本溪地区药用刺五加无公害田间栽培技术[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2018,41(3):31-32.