深圳市龙岗区外来务工人员中医常用适宜技术认知和需求现状
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摘要
目的随着城市化进程加快,城市外来务工人员急剧增加,就医需求迅速扩张。本研究分析深圳市龙岗区外来务工人员中医认知和需求现状及其影响因素。方法采用整群分层抽样法选取2017-07-01-2017-12-31龙岗区521名外来务工人员作为研究对象进行现场问卷调查,共回收有效问卷510份,调查内容包括基本情况,中医治疗知晓率、经历率、需求率和满意度及其影响因素。结果 510名外来务工人员中医治疗经历率为33.7%(172/510),其中中药、推拿、拔罐较多,熏洗、穴位注射较少。≥5种中医常用适宜技术知晓率为39.2%(200/510),其中中药、拔罐、推拿知晓率较高,耳穴、穴位注射知晓率较低。中医常用适宜技术需求率为91.2%(465/510),其中拔罐、推拿和艾灸需求较大,耳穴和穴位注射需求较小。中医治疗满意满意度为86.0%(148/172),其中对中医安全、不良反应少和简便满意度较高,对疗效满意度稍低。单因素和多因素分析结果均显示,年龄是知晓率影响因素;性别、年龄和自评健康状况是经历率和需求率影响因素。结论龙岗区外来务工人员中医总体需求度和满意度均较好,但其认知和利用不足,且认知、利用及需求不均衡。
OBJECTIVE With the acceleration of urbanization,the number of migrant workers in cities has increased dramatically,and the demand for medical treatment has expanded rapidly.This study aims to analyze the cognition and demand of traditional Chinese medicine among migrant workers and its influencing factors in Longgang district of Shenzhen city.METHODS A total of 521 migrant workers from Longgang district from July 1 to December 31 in 2017 were selected by cluster stratified sampling method as the research object.The questionnaire survey was conducted.A total of510 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey included basic information,awareness rate,experience rate,demand rate and satisfaction rate of TCM treatment and its influencing factors.RESULTS The experience rate of TCM treatment of 510 migrant workers was 33.7%(172/510).The experience rate of Chinese herbals,massage and cupping treatment was higher than that of fumigation and acupoint injection treatment.The awareness rate of five kinds of suitable techniques commonly used in TCM was 39.2%(200/510),among which the awareness rate of Chinese herbals,cupping and massage was higher,while the awareness rate of ear acupoint and acupoint injection was lower.The demand rate of suitable techniques in TCM was 91.2%(465/510),among which cupping,massage and moxibustion were more demanded,while ear acupoint and acupoint injection were less demanded.Satisfaction degree of TCM treatment was 86.0%(148/172).Satisfaction degree of safety,less adverse reactions and simplicity of TCM treatment was higher,and satisfaction degree of curative effect was slightly lower.Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that age was the influencing factor of awareness rate,while gender,age and self-rated health status were the influencing factors of experience rate and demand rate.CONCLUSION The overall demand and satisfaction of migrant workers in Longgang district are good,but their cognition and utilization are insufficient,and their cognition,utilization and demand are not balanced.
OBJECTIVE With the acceleration of urbanization,the number of migrant workers in cities has increased dramatically,and the demand for medical treatment has expanded rapidly.This study aims to analyze the cognition and demand of traditional Chinese medicine among migrant workers and its influencing factors in Longgang district of Shenzhen city.METHODS A total of 521 migrant workers from Longgang district from July 1 to December 31 in 2017 were selected by cluster stratified sampling method as the research object.The questionnaire survey was conducted.A total of510 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey included basic information,awareness rate,experience rate,demand rate and satisfaction rate of TCM treatment and its influencing factors.RESULTS The experience rate of TCM treatment of 510 migrant workers was 33.7%(172/510).The experience rate of Chinese herbals,massage and cupping treatment was higher than that of fumigation and acupoint injection treatment.The awareness rate of five kinds of suitable techniques commonly used in TCM was 39.2%(200/510),among which the awareness rate of Chinese herbals,cupping and massage was higher,while the awareness rate of ear acupoint and acupoint injection was lower.The demand rate of suitable techniques in TCM was 91.2%(465/510),among which cupping,massage and moxibustion were more demanded,while ear acupoint and acupoint injection were less demanded.Satisfaction degree of TCM treatment was 86.0%(148/172).Satisfaction degree of safety,less adverse reactions and simplicity of TCM treatment was higher,and satisfaction degree of curative effect was slightly lower.Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that age was the influencing factor of awareness rate,while gender,age and self-rated health status were the influencing factors of experience rate and demand rate.CONCLUSION The overall demand and satisfaction of migrant workers in Longgang district are good,but their cognition and utilization are insufficient,and their cognition,utilization and demand are not balanced.
引文
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[14]郭蕊,李胜伟,龙俊睿,等.北京市外来务工人员医疗服务需求及利用调查[J].医学与社会,2014,27(8):38-41,61.
[2]施佳华,尹清菊,应仁祥,等.上海部分地区外来务工人员就医意愿、流向及影响因素分析[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2017,37(2):234-239.
[3]代晓颖,张燕,易静,等.重庆市卫生服务需方对中医药卫生服务需求与利用的现况调查[J].四川大学学报(医学版),2016,47(3):431-433.
[4]魏勃,白璐,白俊清,等.河北省社区卫生服务中心中医药服务现状调查[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(26):3150-3152.
[5]李承希,徐奇,黄品贤.浦东新区社区居民中医药服务利用状况及影响因素分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2017,31(3):19-21.
[6]邹思梅.深圳市社区居民中医养生保健素养及其影响因素研究[J].健康教育与健康促进,2016,11(6):407-410.
[7]郭建恩,高飞,高占华,等.河北省社区居民对中医“治未病”的认知现状及发展策略[J].世界中医药,2017,12(6):1460-1465.
[8]孙立奇,阎怡帆,张涛,等.杭州市居民社区中医药服务利用现况及影响因素研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2018,32(1):76-78.
[9]宁德斌,张艳,吴群,等.中医药服务利用水平与社区居民健康行为相关性分析[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2015,22(8):15-17.
[10]龙俊睿,郭蕊,李胜伟,等.北京市外来务工人员公共卫生服务利用调查[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(8):998-1001.
[11]郑建英,王静,朱梅,等.上海某镇外来务工人员卫生服务需求及利用调查[J].中国初级卫生保健,2016,30(7):4-6.
[12]张丽华,李爱国,刘彩霞.深圳地区外来务工人员心理健康状况调查分析[J].海南医学,2017,28(1):151-152.
[13]龚剑,祝墡珠,潘志刚,等.上海市外来务工人员卫生服务需求和利用现状调查研究[J].中国全科医学,2015,18(1):93-99,104.
[14]郭蕊,李胜伟,龙俊睿,等.北京市外来务工人员医疗服务需求及利用调查[J].医学与社会,2014,27(8):38-41,61.