内蒙古河套灌区盐碱土壤N_2O排放特征
|
摘要
选择内蒙古河套灌区强度盐碱土壤S_1[电导率(EC)2.60dS/m]和轻度盐碱土壤S_2[电导率(EC)0.74dS/m]为研究对象,2014～2016年,利用静态箱法3年野外原位观测试验,研究盐碱土壤氧化亚氮(N_2O)排放通量.结果表明:2种不同盐碱程度土壤N_2O排放每年均存在显著差异,轻度盐碱土壤N_2O累积排放量低;随EC升高,土壤盐碱程度加重,土壤N_2O累积排放量升高.2014～2016年作物生长季(4～11月)轻度盐碱土壤N_2O累积排放量分别为180.6,167.6,118.2mg/m~2;强度盐碱土壤N_2O累积排放量比轻度盐碱土壤分别增加19%、26%和45%,修复盐碱土壤成为减缓盐碱土壤N_2O累积排放的重要农艺措施.
It were chosen for high saline-alkaline soil,S_1[electrical conductivity(EC)2.60dS/m]and low saline-alkaline soil,S_2[electrical conductivity(EC)0.74dS/m]in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia.The static box method was used in field in-situ observation test for 3year.A 3-yr study was conducted with sunflower crops in intensively managed saline-alkaline soils cropping systems in northeastern China to examine the effects of salt and alkali on N_2O emissions.Results indicated that high saline-alkaline soil significantly increased N_2O emissions with obvious differences as compared with low saline-alkaline soil.The accumulative emissions of N_2O during the 3-year observation period were estimated at 180.6mg/m~2,167.6mg/m~2 and 118.2mg/m~2for the low saline-alkaline soil.Compared with low saline-alkaline soil,the high saline-alkaline soil significantly increased the accumulative emissions of N_2O by 19%,26%and 45%from 2014 to 2016,respectively.Our findings suggest that mitigating N_2Oemissions on saline-alkaline soil can be achieved by remediating saline-alkaline soil.
It were chosen for high saline-alkaline soil,S_1[electrical conductivity(EC)2.60dS/m]and low saline-alkaline soil,S_2[electrical conductivity(EC)0.74dS/m]in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia.The static box method was used in field in-situ observation test for 3year.A 3-yr study was conducted with sunflower crops in intensively managed saline-alkaline soils cropping systems in northeastern China to examine the effects of salt and alkali on N_2O emissions.Results indicated that high saline-alkaline soil significantly increased N_2O emissions with obvious differences as compared with low saline-alkaline soil.The accumulative emissions of N_2O during the 3-year observation period were estimated at 180.6mg/m~2,167.6mg/m~2 and 118.2mg/m~2for the low saline-alkaline soil.Compared with low saline-alkaline soil,the high saline-alkaline soil significantly increased the accumulative emissions of N_2O by 19%,26%and 45%from 2014 to 2016,respectively.Our findings suggest that mitigating N_2Oemissions on saline-alkaline soil can be achieved by remediating saline-alkaline soil.
引文
[1]IPCC.Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis[M].Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Cambridge,United Kingdom and New York,NY,USA:Cambridge University Press,2013.
[2]谭立山,杨平,徐康,等.闽江河口短叶茳芏湿地及围垦后的养虾塘N2O通量比较[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(10):3929-3939.Tan L S,Yang P,Xu K,et al.Comparison of N2O flux following brackish Cyperus malaccensis marsh conversion to shrimp pond in the Min River estuary[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(10):3929-3939.
[3]孙会峰,周胜,付子轼,等.高温少雨对不同品种水稻CH4和N2O排放量及产量的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3540-3547.Sun H F,Zhou S,Fu Z S,et al.Effects of high temperature and low precipitation on CH4 and N2O emission and yield of different rice varieties[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(12):3540-3547.
[4]路则栋,杜睿,杜鹏瑞,等.农垦对草甸草原生态系统温室气体(CH4和N2O)的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(4):1047-1055.Lu Z D,Du R,Du P R,et al.Effect of reclamation on greenhouse gases(CH4 and N2O)fluxes in meadow-steppe ecosystem[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(4):1047-1055.
[5]杨婷婷,胡春元,丁国栋,等.内蒙古河套灌区盐碱土肉眼识别标志及造林技术[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2005,26(3):44-49.Yang T T,Hu C Y,Ding G D,et al.Types and recognizing system of saline-alkali land in Hetao Irrigation District[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2005,26(3):44-49.
[6]李新,焦燕,代钢,等.内蒙古河套灌区不同盐碱程度的土壤细菌群落多样性[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):249-260.Li X,Jiao Y,Dai G,et al.Soil bacterial community diversity under different degrees of saline-alkaline in the Hetao Area of Inner Mongolia[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(1):249-260.
[7]Yang W Z,Yang M D,Wen H Y,et al.Global warming potential of CH4 uptake and N2O emissions in saline-alkaline soils[J].Atmospheric Environment,2018,191:172-180.
[8]Zhang L H,Song L P,Wang B C,et al.Co-effects of salinity and moisture on CO2 and N2O emissions of laboratoryincubated saltaffected soils from different vegetation types[J].Geoderma,2018,332:109-120.
[9]Resham T,Amitava C,Abbey W,et al.Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from naturally occurring sulfate-based saline soils at different moisture contents[J].Pedosphere,2017,27:868-876.
[10]Adviento-Borbe M A A,Doran J W,Drijber R A,et al.Soil electrical conductivity and water content affect nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in intensively managed soils[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2006,35:1999-2010.
[11]Akhtar M,Hussain F,Ashraf M Y,et al.Influence of salinity on nitrogen transformations in soil[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2012,43:1674-1683.
[12]Elmajdoub B,Barnett S,Marschner P.Response of microbial activity and biomass in rhizosphere and bulk soils to increasing salinity[J].Plant and Soil,2014,381:297-306.
[13]Conde E,Cardenas M,Ponce-Mendoza A,et al.The impacts of inorganic nitrogen application on mineralization of 14C-labelled maize and glucose,and on priming effect in saline alkaline soil[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2005,37:681-691.
[14]Yang W Z,Jiao Y,Yang M D,et al.Methane uptake by saline-alkaline soils with varying electrical conductivity in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2018,112:265-276.
[15]Wang Y,Wang Y.Quick measurement of CH4,CO2 and N2Oemissions from a short-plant ecosystem[J].Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2003,20:842-844.
[16]Inclán R,Uribe C,Sánchez L,et al.N2O and CH4 fluxes in undisturbed and burned holm oak,scots pine and pyrenean oak forests in central Spain[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,107:19-41.
[17]莫江明,方运霆,林而达,等.鼎湖山主要森林土壤N2O排放及其对模拟N沉降的响应[J].植物生态学报,2006,30:901-910.Mo J M,Fang Y T,Lin E D,et al.Soil N2O emission and its response to simulated N deposition in the main forests of Dinghushan in subtropical China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2006,30(6):901-910.
[18]Wang ZW,Hao XY,Shan D,et al.Influence of increasing temperature and nitrogen input on greenhouse gas emissions from a desert steppe soil in Inner Mongolia[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,2011,57:508-518.
[19]Li Y Y,Dong S K,Liu S L,et al.Seasonal changes of CO2,CH4 and N2O fluxes in different types of alpine grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2015,80:306-314.
[20]杨文柱,孙星,焦燕.盐度水平对不同盐渍化程度土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36:3826-3832.Yang W Z,Sun X,Jiao Y.Effect of salinity gradient on nitrous oxide emissions from different salinization soil[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36:3826-3832.
[21]Zhou F,Shang Z Y,Ciais P,et al.A new high-resolution N2O emission inventory for China in 2008[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,48:8538-8547.
[22]周晓兵,张元明,陶冶,等.新疆古尔班通古特沙漠土壤N2O、CH4和CO2通量及其对氮沉降增加的响应[J].植物生态学报,2017,41:290-300.Zhou X B,Zhang Y M,Tao Y,et al.Effluxes of nitrous oxide,methane and carbon dioxide and their responses to increasing nitrogen deposition in the Gurbantünggüt Desert of Xinjiang,China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2017,41:290-300.
[2]谭立山,杨平,徐康,等.闽江河口短叶茳芏湿地及围垦后的养虾塘N2O通量比较[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(10):3929-3939.Tan L S,Yang P,Xu K,et al.Comparison of N2O flux following brackish Cyperus malaccensis marsh conversion to shrimp pond in the Min River estuary[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(10):3929-3939.
[3]孙会峰,周胜,付子轼,等.高温少雨对不同品种水稻CH4和N2O排放量及产量的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3540-3547.Sun H F,Zhou S,Fu Z S,et al.Effects of high temperature and low precipitation on CH4 and N2O emission and yield of different rice varieties[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(12):3540-3547.
[4]路则栋,杜睿,杜鹏瑞,等.农垦对草甸草原生态系统温室气体(CH4和N2O)的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(4):1047-1055.Lu Z D,Du R,Du P R,et al.Effect of reclamation on greenhouse gases(CH4 and N2O)fluxes in meadow-steppe ecosystem[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(4):1047-1055.
[5]杨婷婷,胡春元,丁国栋,等.内蒙古河套灌区盐碱土肉眼识别标志及造林技术[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2005,26(3):44-49.Yang T T,Hu C Y,Ding G D,et al.Types and recognizing system of saline-alkali land in Hetao Irrigation District[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2005,26(3):44-49.
[6]李新,焦燕,代钢,等.内蒙古河套灌区不同盐碱程度的土壤细菌群落多样性[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):249-260.Li X,Jiao Y,Dai G,et al.Soil bacterial community diversity under different degrees of saline-alkaline in the Hetao Area of Inner Mongolia[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(1):249-260.
[7]Yang W Z,Yang M D,Wen H Y,et al.Global warming potential of CH4 uptake and N2O emissions in saline-alkaline soils[J].Atmospheric Environment,2018,191:172-180.
[8]Zhang L H,Song L P,Wang B C,et al.Co-effects of salinity and moisture on CO2 and N2O emissions of laboratoryincubated saltaffected soils from different vegetation types[J].Geoderma,2018,332:109-120.
[9]Resham T,Amitava C,Abbey W,et al.Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from naturally occurring sulfate-based saline soils at different moisture contents[J].Pedosphere,2017,27:868-876.
[10]Adviento-Borbe M A A,Doran J W,Drijber R A,et al.Soil electrical conductivity and water content affect nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in intensively managed soils[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2006,35:1999-2010.
[11]Akhtar M,Hussain F,Ashraf M Y,et al.Influence of salinity on nitrogen transformations in soil[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2012,43:1674-1683.
[12]Elmajdoub B,Barnett S,Marschner P.Response of microbial activity and biomass in rhizosphere and bulk soils to increasing salinity[J].Plant and Soil,2014,381:297-306.
[13]Conde E,Cardenas M,Ponce-Mendoza A,et al.The impacts of inorganic nitrogen application on mineralization of 14C-labelled maize and glucose,and on priming effect in saline alkaline soil[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2005,37:681-691.
[14]Yang W Z,Jiao Y,Yang M D,et al.Methane uptake by saline-alkaline soils with varying electrical conductivity in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2018,112:265-276.
[15]Wang Y,Wang Y.Quick measurement of CH4,CO2 and N2Oemissions from a short-plant ecosystem[J].Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2003,20:842-844.
[16]Inclán R,Uribe C,Sánchez L,et al.N2O and CH4 fluxes in undisturbed and burned holm oak,scots pine and pyrenean oak forests in central Spain[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,107:19-41.
[17]莫江明,方运霆,林而达,等.鼎湖山主要森林土壤N2O排放及其对模拟N沉降的响应[J].植物生态学报,2006,30:901-910.Mo J M,Fang Y T,Lin E D,et al.Soil N2O emission and its response to simulated N deposition in the main forests of Dinghushan in subtropical China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2006,30(6):901-910.
[18]Wang ZW,Hao XY,Shan D,et al.Influence of increasing temperature and nitrogen input on greenhouse gas emissions from a desert steppe soil in Inner Mongolia[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,2011,57:508-518.
[19]Li Y Y,Dong S K,Liu S L,et al.Seasonal changes of CO2,CH4 and N2O fluxes in different types of alpine grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2015,80:306-314.
[20]杨文柱,孙星,焦燕.盐度水平对不同盐渍化程度土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36:3826-3832.Yang W Z,Sun X,Jiao Y.Effect of salinity gradient on nitrous oxide emissions from different salinization soil[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36:3826-3832.
[21]Zhou F,Shang Z Y,Ciais P,et al.A new high-resolution N2O emission inventory for China in 2008[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,48:8538-8547.
[22]周晓兵,张元明,陶冶,等.新疆古尔班通古特沙漠土壤N2O、CH4和CO2通量及其对氮沉降增加的响应[J].植物生态学报,2017,41:290-300.Zhou X B,Zhang Y M,Tao Y,et al.Effluxes of nitrous oxide,methane and carbon dioxide and their responses to increasing nitrogen deposition in the Gurbantünggüt Desert of Xinjiang,China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2017,41:290-300.