基于数据包络(DEA)分析的京津冀地区环境绩效评估研究
|
摘要
提高资源环境绩效是区域生态环境治理的核心与关键。在构建环境绩效评估指标体系的基础上,运用数据包络分析模型(DEA)测度并分析2005-2015年京津冀地区静态环境绩效水平。利用Malmquist指数动态分析法将环境绩效分解为技术效率变化指数和技术进步指数,并探讨分解指标对环境绩效的相对贡献。结果显示:京津冀地区环境治理投入与产出水平均呈现逐年上升趋势;北京和天津的总体环境绩效水平要远高于河北,2005-2011年京津冀地区的环境绩效水平排序为北京、天津、河北,2012-2015年京津冀地区的环境绩效水平排序为天津、北京、河北(2013年除外)。河北省环境绩效水平较低的主要制约因素是技术进步缓慢与全要素生产率偏低。Malmquist指数呈现出一定的波性,这主要是由技术变化指标波动所致。最后,就如何提升京津冀地区环境绩效水平,提出相关对策建议。
The improvement of resource environment performance index is a core and key issue to resume the ecological environment.This thesis takes advantage of Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)to measure and analyze the static as well as the dynamic environmental performance levels during the year 2005-2015 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the establishment of an environmental performance evaluation index system.Malmquist Index divides environmental performance into technical efficiency change and Index and technical change index which is applied in this thesis to investigate the relative contributions of these decomposed indexes to the environmental performance measurement.The result is:firstly,both of the costs and gains in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to resume the environment increase gradually year by year.Secondly,Beijing and Tianjin cities get higher overall environmental performance levels than Hebei province while the rank from the year 2005 to 2011 is Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,but when it comes to the year from 2012 to 2015,the rank is Tianjin,Beijing and Hebei(except 2013).At last,the reason why Hebei Province lags behind is its lower technical progress rate and total factor productivity.Malmquist Index waves to a certain extent,and the fact is produced by the variation of technical change index.Moreover,this thesis ends up with the strategies and suggestion concerning how to improve the environmental performance level of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
The improvement of resource environment performance index is a core and key issue to resume the ecological environment.This thesis takes advantage of Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)to measure and analyze the static as well as the dynamic environmental performance levels during the year 2005-2015 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the establishment of an environmental performance evaluation index system.Malmquist Index divides environmental performance into technical efficiency change and Index and technical change index which is applied in this thesis to investigate the relative contributions of these decomposed indexes to the environmental performance measurement.The result is:firstly,both of the costs and gains in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to resume the environment increase gradually year by year.Secondly,Beijing and Tianjin cities get higher overall environmental performance levels than Hebei province while the rank from the year 2005 to 2011 is Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,but when it comes to the year from 2012 to 2015,the rank is Tianjin,Beijing and Hebei(except 2013).At last,the reason why Hebei Province lags behind is its lower technical progress rate and total factor productivity.Malmquist Index waves to a certain extent,and the fact is produced by the variation of technical change index.Moreover,this thesis ends up with the strategies and suggestion concerning how to improve the environmental performance level of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
引文
[1]肖金成.京津冀:环境共治与生态共保[J].环境保护,2014,42(17):21-25.
[2]朱至文.中国电力上市公司环境绩效评价(2011-2013)——基于考虑非期望产出的SBM模型[J].工业技术经济,2015(10):83-90.
[3]张爱美,董雅静,吴卫红,等.基于复合权重-TOPSIS法的我国化工企业环境绩效评价研究[J].科技管理研究,2014(18):48-52.
[4]LI X G,YANG J,LIU X J.Analysis of Beijing's environmental efficiency and related factors using a DEA model that considers underirable outputs[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling,2013.58(5):956-960.
[5]董战峰,郝春旭,王婷,等.中国省级区域环境绩效评价方法研究[J].环境污染与防治,2016,28(2):86-90.
[6]周智玉.环境DEA模型改进及其在城市环境绩效评价中的应用[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(4):112-118.
[7]赵艳,孙翔,朱晓东.基于DEA的江苏省环境效率研究[J].环境保护科学,2011,37(4):41-43.
[8]张子龙,逯承鹏,陈兴鹏,等.中国城市环境绩效及其影响因素分析:基于超效率DEA模型和面板回归分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015 29(6):1-7.
[9]周智玉.环境DEA模型改进及其在城市环境绩效评价中的应用[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(4):112-118.
[10]孙露,耿涌,刘祚希,等.基于能值和数据包络分析的城市复合生态系统生态效率评估[J].生态学杂志,2014(2):462-468.
[11]BANKER RD,CHARNES A,COOPER W W.Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis[J].Management science 1984(30):1078-1092.
[12]CHARNES A,COOPER W W.Preface to topics in data envelopment analysis[J].Annals of Operations research 1984(2):59-94.
[13]ATHANASSOPOULOS A D,LAMBROUKOS N,SEIFORD L.Data envelopment scenario analysis for setting targets to electricity generating plants[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1999(115):413-428.
[14]张炳,毕军,黄和平,等.基于DEA的企业生态效率评价:以杭州湾精细化工园区企业为例[J].系统工程理论与实践,2008(4):159-166.
[15]王聪,朱先奇,刘玎琳,等.京津冀协同发展中科技资源配置效率研究——基于超效率DEA-面板Tobit两阶段法[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(19):47-52.
[16]付丽娜,陈晓红,冷智花.基于超效率DEA模型的城市群生态效率研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(4):169-175.
[17]张鸿澜.浙江省市级生态环境绩效评估研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[18]翁俊豪,徐鹤.基于数据包络分析的城市环境绩效评估研究[J].未来与发展,2016,40(3):49-57.
[19]曹颖,曹国志.中国省级环境绩效评估指标体系的构建[J].统计与决策,2012(22):9-12.
[20]王俊能,许振成,胡习邦,等.基于DEA理论的中国区域环境效率分析[J].中国环境科学2010,30(4):565-570.
[2]朱至文.中国电力上市公司环境绩效评价(2011-2013)——基于考虑非期望产出的SBM模型[J].工业技术经济,2015(10):83-90.
[3]张爱美,董雅静,吴卫红,等.基于复合权重-TOPSIS法的我国化工企业环境绩效评价研究[J].科技管理研究,2014(18):48-52.
[4]LI X G,YANG J,LIU X J.Analysis of Beijing's environmental efficiency and related factors using a DEA model that considers underirable outputs[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling,2013.58(5):956-960.
[5]董战峰,郝春旭,王婷,等.中国省级区域环境绩效评价方法研究[J].环境污染与防治,2016,28(2):86-90.
[6]周智玉.环境DEA模型改进及其在城市环境绩效评价中的应用[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(4):112-118.
[7]赵艳,孙翔,朱晓东.基于DEA的江苏省环境效率研究[J].环境保护科学,2011,37(4):41-43.
[8]张子龙,逯承鹏,陈兴鹏,等.中国城市环境绩效及其影响因素分析:基于超效率DEA模型和面板回归分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015 29(6):1-7.
[9]周智玉.环境DEA模型改进及其在城市环境绩效评价中的应用[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(4):112-118.
[10]孙露,耿涌,刘祚希,等.基于能值和数据包络分析的城市复合生态系统生态效率评估[J].生态学杂志,2014(2):462-468.
[11]BANKER RD,CHARNES A,COOPER W W.Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis[J].Management science 1984(30):1078-1092.
[12]CHARNES A,COOPER W W.Preface to topics in data envelopment analysis[J].Annals of Operations research 1984(2):59-94.
[13]ATHANASSOPOULOS A D,LAMBROUKOS N,SEIFORD L.Data envelopment scenario analysis for setting targets to electricity generating plants[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1999(115):413-428.
[14]张炳,毕军,黄和平,等.基于DEA的企业生态效率评价:以杭州湾精细化工园区企业为例[J].系统工程理论与实践,2008(4):159-166.
[15]王聪,朱先奇,刘玎琳,等.京津冀协同发展中科技资源配置效率研究——基于超效率DEA-面板Tobit两阶段法[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(19):47-52.
[16]付丽娜,陈晓红,冷智花.基于超效率DEA模型的城市群生态效率研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(4):169-175.
[17]张鸿澜.浙江省市级生态环境绩效评估研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[18]翁俊豪,徐鹤.基于数据包络分析的城市环境绩效评估研究[J].未来与发展,2016,40(3):49-57.
[19]曹颖,曹国志.中国省级环境绩效评估指标体系的构建[J].统计与决策,2012(22):9-12.
[20]王俊能,许振成,胡习邦,等.基于DEA理论的中国区域环境效率分析[J].中国环境科学2010,30(4):565-570.