基于区块链的分布式能源交易方案设计综述
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摘要
以绿色新能源为主体的分布式能源成为能源交易市场中的重要组成部分,为了提高能源利用率、多渠道扩展分布式能源本地消纳,分布式能源获得合法就近售电资质,其能源生产和消费结构呈无中心、多节点状。现有能源运营模式由于具有集中式管理的特点,难以简单套用于分布式能源。区块链技术具有可追溯性、交易公开、数据透明的优势,其分散化特性与分布式能源无中心特点相符合,故提出一种基于区块链的分布式能源交易方案。分析现有分布式能源交易的方式及其弊端,研究区块链技术对于分布式能源P2P交易的适用性,在连续双边拍卖(continuousdoubleauction,CDA)、竞争均衡价格(competitive equilibrium price,CEP)、节点信誉值等基础上确立支撑分布式能源P2P交易的分布式能源结算机制,制定符合中国政策的分布式能源区块链支付模式,提出包括系统架构、交易流程在内的基于区块链技术的分布式能源交易方案,对比传统电力交易系统和基于区块链的分布式能源交易系统的性能,思考如何改进目前区块链的不足之处并展望能源市场未来,实现传统电力交易市场向分布式能源交易的延伸性发展。最后,针对区块链技术在实体应用过程中的挑战分析目前电力市场与区块链技术结合所存在的冲突及问题,并提出相应的建议方案。
Distributed new energy(DNE) has become an important part of energy trading market. In order to increase energy efficiency and expand local consumption through multiple channels, DNE is legally qualified to sell electricity nearby. Its production and consumption structure are centerless and multi-nodal. Due to the centralized features of existing energy operation models, it is difficult to apply them to manage DNE directly. Blockchain technology has the advantages of traceability, transaction disclosure and data transparency, and its decentralized features coincide with DNE. This paper proposes a blockchain-based distributed energy(BBDE) trading scheme, analyzes existing methods and disadvantages of DNE trading, and studies applicability of blockchain technology in DNE transactions. Based on continuous double auction(CDA), competitive equilibrium price(CEP) and node reputation value(NRV), a BBDE settlement mechanism supporting P2 P transactions is established. This paper formulates a BBDE payment model complying with China's policies, proposes a trading solution including system architecture and transaction flow, compares the performance of traditional power trading systems and blockchain-based trading systems, considers how to improve current blockchain deficiencies, and looks forward how to realize extended development of traditional power trading market to DNE trading. Finally, aiming at the challenge of blockchain technology in process of entity application, this paper analyzes the conflicts and problems existing in current combination of electricity market and blockchain technology, and puts forward corresponding suggestions.
Distributed new energy(DNE) has become an important part of energy trading market. In order to increase energy efficiency and expand local consumption through multiple channels, DNE is legally qualified to sell electricity nearby. Its production and consumption structure are centerless and multi-nodal. Due to the centralized features of existing energy operation models, it is difficult to apply them to manage DNE directly. Blockchain technology has the advantages of traceability, transaction disclosure and data transparency, and its decentralized features coincide with DNE. This paper proposes a blockchain-based distributed energy(BBDE) trading scheme, analyzes existing methods and disadvantages of DNE trading, and studies applicability of blockchain technology in DNE transactions. Based on continuous double auction(CDA), competitive equilibrium price(CEP) and node reputation value(NRV), a BBDE settlement mechanism supporting P2 P transactions is established. This paper formulates a BBDE payment model complying with China's policies, proposes a trading solution including system architecture and transaction flow, compares the performance of traditional power trading systems and blockchain-based trading systems, considers how to improve current blockchain deficiencies, and looks forward how to realize extended development of traditional power trading market to DNE trading. Finally, aiming at the challenge of blockchain technology in process of entity application, this paper analyzes the conflicts and problems existing in current combination of electricity market and blockchain technology, and puts forward corresponding suggestions.
引文
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