地铁波磨下胶垫频变对轮轨高频振动的影响
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摘要
研究目的:为研究地铁钢轨波磨条件下扣件胶垫频变特性对轮轨系统振动响应的影响规律,本文首先测试并表征地铁扣件橡胶垫板的频变力学特性,然后建立地铁车辆-轨道垂向耦合动力学频域分析模型,并以某地铁实测钢轨波磨数据作为激励输入,计算和分析地铁扣件胶垫频变特性对轮轨系统高频动力响应的影响。研究结论:(1)在双对数坐标系下,扣件胶垫刚度(阻尼系数)随激振频率呈近似线性正相关(负相关);(2)考虑胶垫频变特性后,除钢轨振动加速度外,轮轨系统在波磨诱发频率范围内的动力响应均显著减小,但钢轨振动响应主频仍然在波磨诱发频带;(3)胶垫频变特性会增大轮轨系统在35～90 Hz以及700 Hz以上频段的振动响应,因此在预测地铁环境振动和高频轮轨噪声等问题时应考虑扣件胶垫频变特性;(4)本研究结论可为地铁钢轨波磨条件下轮轨系统的准确动力评估提供理论与试验依据。
Research purposes: In order to study the influence of frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads on the vibration response of wheel-rail system induced by rail corrugation,the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads were tested and characterized,and a vertical coupled dynamics model for metro vehicle and track was established to analyze the influence of frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads on the high frequency dynamic response of wheel-rail system induced by rail corrugation with the measured rail corrugation data as the excitation input.Research conclusions:(1) In the double logarithmic coordinate system,the stiffness(damping coefficient) of the rail pads was approximately linearly positively correlated(negatively correlated) with the excitation frequency.(2) Considering the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads, the dynamic response of wheel-rail system decreased significantly in the range of corrugation-induced frequency except for the rail vibration acceleration. And the main frequency of rail vibration response was still in the corrugation-induced frequency band.(3) The frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads would increase the vibration response of wheel-rail system in the range of 35 ～ 90 Hz and above 700 Hz,which should be considered when predicting the vibration characteristics of metro environment and high-frequency wheel-rail noise.(4) The research conclusions can provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the dynamic evaluation of wheel-rail system induced by rail corrugation in metro.
Research purposes: In order to study the influence of frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads on the vibration response of wheel-rail system induced by rail corrugation,the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads were tested and characterized,and a vertical coupled dynamics model for metro vehicle and track was established to analyze the influence of frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads on the high frequency dynamic response of wheel-rail system induced by rail corrugation with the measured rail corrugation data as the excitation input.Research conclusions:(1) In the double logarithmic coordinate system,the stiffness(damping coefficient) of the rail pads was approximately linearly positively correlated(negatively correlated) with the excitation frequency.(2) Considering the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads, the dynamic response of wheel-rail system decreased significantly in the range of corrugation-induced frequency except for the rail vibration acceleration. And the main frequency of rail vibration response was still in the corrugation-induced frequency band.(3) The frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads would increase the vibration response of wheel-rail system in the range of 35 ～ 90 Hz and above 700 Hz,which should be considered when predicting the vibration characteristics of metro environment and high-frequency wheel-rail noise.(4) The research conclusions can provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the dynamic evaluation of wheel-rail system induced by rail corrugation in metro.
引文
[1]李伟,曾全君,朱士友,等.地铁钢轨波磨对车辆和轨道动态行为的影响[J].交通运输工程学报,2015(1):34-42.Li Wei,Zeng Quanjun,Zhu Shiyou,etc. Effect of Metro Rail Corrugation on Dynamic Behaviors of Vehicle and Track[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2015(1):34-42.
[2] Liu Q. Y.,Zhang B.,Zhou Z. R. An Experimental Study of Rail Corrugation[J]. Wear,2003(7):1121-1126.
[3]谷爱军,刘维宁,张厚贵,等.地铁扣件刚度和阻尼对钢轨异常波磨的影响[J].都市快轨交通,2011(3):17-21.Gu Aijun,Liu Weining,Zhang Hougui,etc. Impact of Rail Fastenings'Stiffness and Damping on Abnormal Rail Corrugation[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011(3):17-21.
[4]孙晓静,张厚贵,刘维宁,等.轨道系统钢轨振动衰减率动力测试研究[J].铁道工程学报,2015(7):34-39.Sun Xiaojing,Zhang Hougui,Liu Weining,etc. Test Research on the Characterizing the Dynamic Damping Behavior of Track Structure[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2015(7):34-39.
[5] Wei Kai,Yang Qilu,Dou Yinling,etc. Experimental Investigation into Temperature-and Frequencydependent Dynamic Properties of High-speed Rail Pads[J]. Construction&Building Materials,2017,151:848-858.
[6]韦凯,杨帆,王平,等.扣件胶垫刚度的频变性对地铁隧道环境振动的影响[J].铁道学报,2015(4):80-86.Wei Kai, Yang Fan, Wang Ping, etc. Influence of Frequency-dependent Stiffness of Rail Pads on Environment Vibration Induced by Subway in Tunnel[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2015(4):80-86.
[7]赵永玲,侯之超.基于分数导数的橡胶材料两种粘弹性本构模型[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2013(3):378-383.Zhao Yongling, Hou Zhichao. Two Viscoelastic Constitutive Models of Rubber Materials Using Fractional Derivations[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2013(3):378-383.
[8] Maes J,Sol H,Guillaume P. Measurements of the Dynamic Railpad Properties[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2006(293):557-565.
[2] Liu Q. Y.,Zhang B.,Zhou Z. R. An Experimental Study of Rail Corrugation[J]. Wear,2003(7):1121-1126.
[3]谷爱军,刘维宁,张厚贵,等.地铁扣件刚度和阻尼对钢轨异常波磨的影响[J].都市快轨交通,2011(3):17-21.Gu Aijun,Liu Weining,Zhang Hougui,etc. Impact of Rail Fastenings'Stiffness and Damping on Abnormal Rail Corrugation[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011(3):17-21.
[4]孙晓静,张厚贵,刘维宁,等.轨道系统钢轨振动衰减率动力测试研究[J].铁道工程学报,2015(7):34-39.Sun Xiaojing,Zhang Hougui,Liu Weining,etc. Test Research on the Characterizing the Dynamic Damping Behavior of Track Structure[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2015(7):34-39.
[5] Wei Kai,Yang Qilu,Dou Yinling,etc. Experimental Investigation into Temperature-and Frequencydependent Dynamic Properties of High-speed Rail Pads[J]. Construction&Building Materials,2017,151:848-858.
[6]韦凯,杨帆,王平,等.扣件胶垫刚度的频变性对地铁隧道环境振动的影响[J].铁道学报,2015(4):80-86.Wei Kai, Yang Fan, Wang Ping, etc. Influence of Frequency-dependent Stiffness of Rail Pads on Environment Vibration Induced by Subway in Tunnel[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2015(4):80-86.
[7]赵永玲,侯之超.基于分数导数的橡胶材料两种粘弹性本构模型[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2013(3):378-383.Zhao Yongling, Hou Zhichao. Two Viscoelastic Constitutive Models of Rubber Materials Using Fractional Derivations[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2013(3):378-383.
[8] Maes J,Sol H,Guillaume P. Measurements of the Dynamic Railpad Properties[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2006(293):557-565.