基于Φ-OTDR的煤层气管线外界入侵振动检测系统
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摘要
为实现长距离煤层气管线外界入侵振动检测,采用基于相位敏感型光时域反射原理(Φ-OTDR)的分布式光纤振动传感系统,融合FPGA与USB2.0技术开展传感数据的实时采集与高速传输,并通过时间-空间二维分析来获得振动信号典型特征,进而实现煤层气输送管道危险源的实时检测。实验结果表明,本系统可借助差分信号波峰位置实现精确定位,系统的频率响应范围是可覆盖入侵振动特征频率的1 Hz～3 k Hz,且在4 km和9 km光纤位置处的定位误差均可保持在20 m范围以内,因此本系统可有效检测到输送管道外界入侵振动。
In order to realize real-time monitoring of intrusion vibration of long-distance coalbed methane( CBM) transmission pipelines,a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system based on Phase Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry( Φ-OTDR) is used,which integrates FPGA with USB2.0 technologies for achieving real-time acquisition and high-speed transmission. Through the two-dimensional time-space analysis,the typical characteristics of the vibration signals can be obtained,then the real-time detection of hazard source of coalbed gas transmission pipelines will be achieved. The experimental results show that the system can locate accurately through peak positions of differential signals. The frequency response range of the system is 1 Hz ～ 3 kH z and can cover the characteristic frequency of the intrusion vibration,and the positioning errors at both the 4 km and 9 km fiber positions can be maintained within the range of 20 m. Therefore,the system can detect the intrusion vibration of the pipelines effectively.
In order to realize real-time monitoring of intrusion vibration of long-distance coalbed methane( CBM) transmission pipelines,a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system based on Phase Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry( Φ-OTDR) is used,which integrates FPGA with USB2.0 technologies for achieving real-time acquisition and high-speed transmission. Through the two-dimensional time-space analysis,the typical characteristics of the vibration signals can be obtained,then the real-time detection of hazard source of coalbed gas transmission pipelines will be achieved. The experimental results show that the system can locate accurately through peak positions of differential signals. The frequency response range of the system is 1 Hz ～ 3 kH z and can cover the characteristic frequency of the intrusion vibration,and the positioning errors at both the 4 km and 9 km fiber positions can be maintained within the range of 20 m. Therefore,the system can detect the intrusion vibration of the pipelines effectively.
引文
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[15]扈啸,张玘,张连超. USB2.0控制器CY7C68013特点与应用[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002(10):48-50.
[2]侯晋刚.煤层气输送管道安全监测系统研究[J].机械管理开发,2014,29(4):29-31.
[3]孟凡华,韩东,朱伟,等.煤层气管道泄漏检测研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2014,34(4):18,46.
[4]吴爱国,何信.油气长输管道SCADA系统技术综述[J].油气储运,2000(3):43-46,58-7.
[5]常景龙,李铁.输气管道泄漏检测技术的选择和优化[J].油气储运,2000(5):9-13,17-58,3-4.
[6]周琰,靳世久,张昀超,等.分布式光纤管道泄漏检测和定位技术[J].石油学报,2006,27(2):121-124.
[7]周琰,靳世久,曾周末,等.分布式光纤管道安全检测定位技术研究[J].光电子·激光,2008,19(7):922-924.
[8]周琰,诸葛晶昌,封皓,等.分布式光纤管道泄漏检测及预警技术研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(8):1588-1592.
[9]杭利军,何存富,吴斌,等.新型分布式光纤管道泄漏检测技术及定位方法研究[J].光学学报,2008,28(1):123-127.
[10]涂勤昌,韦波,张真毅,等. OTDR型分布式光纤传感器在油气管道监测中的应用[J].管道技术与设备,2015(3):28-31.
[11]王宇,吴瑞东,董齐,等.用于燃气管道破坏预警的Φ-OTDR技术[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(2):225-227.
[12]庞拂飞,刘奂奂,王廷云.相位敏感光时域反射光纤传感技术的研究综述[J].南京信息工程大学学报,2017,9(2):130-136.
[13]安荣,任勇峰,李圣昆.基于FPGA和USB2.0的数据采集系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2009(3):49-51.
[14]王选择,曾志祥,范宜艳,等.基于FPGA与USB2.0的温度数据采集与控制[J].仪表技术与传感器,2014(9):44-47.
[15]扈啸,张玘,张连超. USB2.0控制器CY7C68013特点与应用[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002(10):48-50.