复合植物精油对脂多糖刺激断奶仔猪肠道形态结构和抗氧化能力的影响
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摘要
为研究复合植物精油(OCT)对脂多糖(LPS)刺激断奶仔猪肠道结构和抗氧化能力的影响,本试验选取28日龄左右健康的杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪24头,按照体重相近原则随机分为3个处理组:对照组、LPS组和OCT组。对照组和LPS组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,OCT组仔猪饲喂基础日粮+50 mg/kg OCT。试验期21 d。于试验第21天,LPS组和OCT组仔猪注射LPS(100μg/(kg·BW)),对照组仔猪注射等量生理盐水。LPS或生理盐水注射后3 h采血;6 h后,屠宰全部仔猪取肠道样品测定有关指标。结果表明,与对照组相比,LPS组仔猪空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度有降低趋势(P>0.05),回肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05);血浆过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、血浆和空肠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著降低(P<0.05),空肠诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性、血浆和回肠H_2O_2含量显著上升(P<0.05)。与LPS组相比,OCT组仔猪空肠绒毛高度、空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度和回肠绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05),回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度有提高趋势(P>0.05);血浆CAT、空肠SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),血浆和回肠H_2O_2含量显著下降(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,日粮中添加50 mg/kg OCT可以在一定程度上缓解由LPS刺激引起的仔猪氧化应激,改善仔猪肠道结构。
In order to investigate the effect of compound plant essential oil(OCT) on structure of intestinal mucosa and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharid(LPS),twenty-four weaned piglets(28-day-old,Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) were randomly assigned into 3 groups:Control group,LPS group and OCT group.Piglets in the control and LPS groups were fed a basal diet,and piglets in the OCT group received the basal diet+50 mg/kg OCT.On the 21 th day of the trail,piglets in the LPS and OCT groups were injected intraperitoneally with LPS(100 μg/(kg·BW)),and piglets in the control group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline.Venous blood samples were obtained at 3 h post LPS or saline injection,all piglets were killed to obtain the intestinal mucosa for analysis at 6 h post LPS or saline injection.Compared with the control group,LPS stimulation had a tendency to decrease villus height/crypt depth in jejunal mucosa(P>0.05),it could cause a significant reduction in villus height and villous height/crypt depth in ileal mucosa;the activity of CAT and SOD in plasma,and SOD in jejunum mucosa were decreased significantly(P<0.05),it also increased the activity of iNOS in jejunum mucosa,the content of H_2O_2 in plasma and ileum mucosa significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the LPS group,adding OCT could increase villus height and villus height/crypt depth in jejunal mucosa,villus height in ileal mucosa significantly(P<0.05),and villus height/crypt depth in ileal mucosa had a tendency to increase(P>0.05);The activity of CAT in plasma and SOD in jejunum mucosa were also increased significantly(P<0.05),the content of H_2O_2 in plasma and ileum mucosa were decreased significantly(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of 50 mg/kg OCT to the diet could alleviate the oxidative stress induced by LPS challenge to a certain extent and improve the intestinal structure of piglets.
In order to investigate the effect of compound plant essential oil(OCT) on structure of intestinal mucosa and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharid(LPS),twenty-four weaned piglets(28-day-old,Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) were randomly assigned into 3 groups:Control group,LPS group and OCT group.Piglets in the control and LPS groups were fed a basal diet,and piglets in the OCT group received the basal diet+50 mg/kg OCT.On the 21 th day of the trail,piglets in the LPS and OCT groups were injected intraperitoneally with LPS(100 μg/(kg·BW)),and piglets in the control group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline.Venous blood samples were obtained at 3 h post LPS or saline injection,all piglets were killed to obtain the intestinal mucosa for analysis at 6 h post LPS or saline injection.Compared with the control group,LPS stimulation had a tendency to decrease villus height/crypt depth in jejunal mucosa(P>0.05),it could cause a significant reduction in villus height and villous height/crypt depth in ileal mucosa;the activity of CAT and SOD in plasma,and SOD in jejunum mucosa were decreased significantly(P<0.05),it also increased the activity of iNOS in jejunum mucosa,the content of H_2O_2 in plasma and ileum mucosa significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the LPS group,adding OCT could increase villus height and villus height/crypt depth in jejunal mucosa,villus height in ileal mucosa significantly(P<0.05),and villus height/crypt depth in ileal mucosa had a tendency to increase(P>0.05);The activity of CAT in plasma and SOD in jejunum mucosa were also increased significantly(P<0.05),the content of H_2O_2 in plasma and ileum mucosa were decreased significantly(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of 50 mg/kg OCT to the diet could alleviate the oxidative stress induced by LPS challenge to a certain extent and improve the intestinal structure of piglets.
引文
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[13] ZHENG P,YU B,LU M,et al.Effects of oxidative stress induced by diquat on arginine metabolism of postweaning pigs[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2010,23(1):98-105.
[14] YIN J,DUAN J,CUI Z,et al.Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress activates NF-kB and Nrf2/Keap1 signals and triggers autophagy in piglets[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(20):15479-15486.
[15] CHEN Q,LE G W,SHI Y H,et al.Effect of iron supplementation on intestinal function and oxidative stress in piglets with induced colitis[J].Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2007,16(2):205-213.
[16] 张伟,杨震国,侯永清,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对脂多糖刺激仔猪空肠黏膜抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):842-847. ZHANG W,YANG Z G.HOU Y Q,et al.Effects of dietary N-acetylcysteine on the antioxidant capacity of jejunal mucosa of piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide[J].Journal of Animal Nutrition,2011,23(5):842-847.(in Chinese)
[17] VIEIRA H,KROEMER G.Mitochondria as targets of apoptosis regulation by nitric oxide[J].Iubmb Life,2003,55(10-11):613-616.
[18] VAIO C D,GRAZIANI G,GASPARI A,et al.Essential oils content and antioxidant properties of peel ethanol extract in 18 lemon cultivars[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2010,126(1):50-55.
[19] 贾聪慧.植物精油和酸制剂复合对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道健康和排泄物氨逸失的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017. JIA C H.Effects of the compound of essential oils and acidifiers on growth performance,intestinal health and ammonia emission in weanling pigs[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017.(in Chinese)
[20] 方热军,李美君,周学彬,等.植物精油提取物对断奶仔猪生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2010,31(16):9-12. FANG R J,LI M J,ZHOU X B,et al.Effects of essential oil extract on performance and blood biochemical indices in weaned piglets[J].Feed Industry,2010,31(16):9-12.(in Chinese)
[2] MERCER D W,SMITH G S,CROSS J M,et al.Effects of lipopolysaccharide on intestinal injury;Potential role of nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation[J].Journal of Surgical Research,1996,63(1):185-192.
[3] HOU Y Q,WANG L,DING B Y.Dietary-ketoglutarate supplementation ameliorates intestinal injury in lipopolysaccharide-challenged piglets[J].Amino Acids,2010,39(2):555-564.
[4] 孙伟,王淳凯,蔡云升,等.16种芳香植物精油抗氧化活性的比较研究[J].食品科技,2004,11:55-57. SUN W,WANG C K,CAI Y S,et al.Study on antioxidant activity of 16 kinds of essential oil[J].Food Science and Technology,2004,11:55-57.(in Chinese)
[5] 朱永刚,王磊,崔东安,等.植物精油在畜禽生产中的应用效果研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(7):1812-1817. ZHU Y G,WANG L,CUI D A,et al.Research progress on the application of essential oil in animal production[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2016,43(7):1812-1817.(in Chinese)
[6] 方秋红.肉桂油对仔猪生长和生理机能的影响及分子机制[D].武汉:武汉轻工大学,2015. FANG Q H.The effects of Oleum cinnamomi on growth and physiological functions with reference to the molecular mechanism in piglets[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Polytechnic University,2015.(in Chinese)
[7] 张强,朴香淑,张宏宇,等.低能量日粮中添加植物精油对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化活性及其免疫性能的影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十一次全国动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].2012. ZHANG Q,PIAO X S,ZHANG H Y,et al.Effects of plant essential oils added to low-energy diets on growth performance,antioxidant activity and immune function of piglets[A].Proceedings of the Eleventh National Animal Nutrition Symposium of the Animal Nutrition Society of China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Society[C].2012.(in Chinese)
[8] 余冰,张克英,郑萍,等.猪营养与肠道健康[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(15):73-76. YU B,ZHANG K Y,ZHENG P,et al.Research advances of nutrition on intestinal health of pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2010,46(15):73-76.(in Chinese)
[9] 王啸春,陈小连,赵珂立,等.动物肠道氧化应激及抗氧化剂干预作用研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(11):73-78. WANG X C,CHEN X L,ZHAO K L,et al.Resent advance in oxidative stress in intestinal tract and intervention of anatioxidants[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2011,47(11):73-78.(in Chinese)
[10] FRANCIOSINI M P,CASAGRANDE-PROIETTI P,FORTE C,et al.Effects of oregano (Origanum vulgare L) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) aqueous extracts on broiler performance,immune function and intestinal microbial population[J].Journal of Applied Animal Research,2016,44(1):474-479.
[11] 王亚男.包被植物精油替代硫酸粘杆菌素对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道功能的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2017. WANG Y N.Effects of coated plant essential oil on growth performance and intestinal function of weaned piglets as a substitution of colistin sulfate[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2017.(in Chinese)
[12] 冷炜博,刘玉兰,李爽,等.天冬氨酸对脂多糖刺激断奶仔猪肠道形态结构和黏膜抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(11):32-36. LENG W B,LIU Y L,LI S,et al.Effect of aspartate on antioxidant capacity and structure of intestinal mucosa of weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2014,50(11):32-36.(in Chinese)
[13] ZHENG P,YU B,LU M,et al.Effects of oxidative stress induced by diquat on arginine metabolism of postweaning pigs[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2010,23(1):98-105.
[14] YIN J,DUAN J,CUI Z,et al.Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress activates NF-kB and Nrf2/Keap1 signals and triggers autophagy in piglets[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(20):15479-15486.
[15] CHEN Q,LE G W,SHI Y H,et al.Effect of iron supplementation on intestinal function and oxidative stress in piglets with induced colitis[J].Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2007,16(2):205-213.
[16] 张伟,杨震国,侯永清,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对脂多糖刺激仔猪空肠黏膜抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):842-847. ZHANG W,YANG Z G.HOU Y Q,et al.Effects of dietary N-acetylcysteine on the antioxidant capacity of jejunal mucosa of piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide[J].Journal of Animal Nutrition,2011,23(5):842-847.(in Chinese)
[17] VIEIRA H,KROEMER G.Mitochondria as targets of apoptosis regulation by nitric oxide[J].Iubmb Life,2003,55(10-11):613-616.
[18] VAIO C D,GRAZIANI G,GASPARI A,et al.Essential oils content and antioxidant properties of peel ethanol extract in 18 lemon cultivars[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2010,126(1):50-55.
[19] 贾聪慧.植物精油和酸制剂复合对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道健康和排泄物氨逸失的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017. JIA C H.Effects of the compound of essential oils and acidifiers on growth performance,intestinal health and ammonia emission in weanling pigs[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017.(in Chinese)
[20] 方热军,李美君,周学彬,等.植物精油提取物对断奶仔猪生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2010,31(16):9-12. FANG R J,LI M J,ZHOU X B,et al.Effects of essential oil extract on performance and blood biochemical indices in weaned piglets[J].Feed Industry,2010,31(16):9-12.(in Chinese)