生物安全二级实验室冬季温度过高的原因分析与对策探讨
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摘要
目的:分析中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病所生物安全二级实验室(BSL-2)冬季温度过高现象产生的原因,提出对应的解决方案。方法:根据BSL-2冬季空调供暖系统的基本情况,从系统设计、热媒、冬季防冻及运行管理等方面分析产生温度过高现象的原因,分析确定科学有效的降温方法,并提出对应的解决方案。结果:实验室空调设计、过渡季室外温度不稳定、冬季设备防冻及温室效应等是产生BSL-2冬季温度过高的基本因素。空调系统采取设计季节区分模式、加装风冷热泵机组、加强防冻传感器预警、增加玻璃隔热以及科学管理等有效可行对策,降低BSL-2冬季温度过高。结论:采取有效可行的对策解决BSL-2冬季温度过高现象的发生,能够提高生物安全病毒病实验室保障水平,为BSL-2的设计和运行管理提供可借鉴的经验。
Objective: To analyze the causes of occurring over temperature of bio-safety level Ⅱ(BSL-2) Laboratory in winter, and to put forward corresponding solutions. Methods: According to the basic situation of heating system of air conditioning of the BSL-2 laboratory in winter to analyze the reasons that produce over temperature phenomenon from series aspects included system design, heating medium, anti-freezing in winter and operation management and so on, and analyze and determine cooling method with science and efficiency, and propose corresponding solution. Results: Some reasons, which included design of laboratory air conditioning, unstable outdoor temperature in the transitional season, the situation of equipment antifreeze in winter, the greenhouse effect and so on, were the basic factors that produced over temperature in bio-safety level Ⅱ(BSL-2) Laboratory of winter. The air conditioning system adopted some countermeasures with efficiency and feasibility, that included adopting the design of seasonal pattern for air condition system, adding air-cooling-heat pump unit, strengthening early warning function of antifreeze sensor, increasing glass heat insulation and scientific management, and has reduced the occurrence of over temperature of BSL-2 laboratory in winter. Conclusion: Effective and feasible countermeasures are adopted can solve the problem of occurring over temperature of BSL-2 laboratory in winter, and can improve guarantee level of bio-safety virus diseases laboratory, and can provide referential experiences for design and operation management of BSL-2.
Objective: To analyze the causes of occurring over temperature of bio-safety level Ⅱ(BSL-2) Laboratory in winter, and to put forward corresponding solutions. Methods: According to the basic situation of heating system of air conditioning of the BSL-2 laboratory in winter to analyze the reasons that produce over temperature phenomenon from series aspects included system design, heating medium, anti-freezing in winter and operation management and so on, and analyze and determine cooling method with science and efficiency, and propose corresponding solution. Results: Some reasons, which included design of laboratory air conditioning, unstable outdoor temperature in the transitional season, the situation of equipment antifreeze in winter, the greenhouse effect and so on, were the basic factors that produced over temperature in bio-safety level Ⅱ(BSL-2) Laboratory of winter. The air conditioning system adopted some countermeasures with efficiency and feasibility, that included adopting the design of seasonal pattern for air condition system, adding air-cooling-heat pump unit, strengthening early warning function of antifreeze sensor, increasing glass heat insulation and scientific management, and has reduced the occurrence of over temperature of BSL-2 laboratory in winter. Conclusion: Effective and feasible countermeasures are adopted can solve the problem of occurring over temperature of BSL-2 laboratory in winter, and can improve guarantee level of bio-safety virus diseases laboratory, and can provide referential experiences for design and operation management of BSL-2.
引文
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[8]靳晓军,李京京,程洪亮,等.高等级生物安全实验室风险及其对策[J].生物技术通讯,2015,26(5):704-707.
[9]李雪柏,谷鑫,王晓雪,等.生物安全实验室温度较高的原因分析及对策探讨[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(3):187-193.
[10]谷鑫,李雪柏,王晓雪,等.生物安全实验室空调机组冬季防冻研究[J].中国医学装备,2018,15(3):126-129.
[11]谢景欣.负压二级生物安全实验室设计要点[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(10):1231-1232.
[12]陈航.风冷热泵机组冬季运行的可靠性[J].暖通空调,1999,29(5):77-79.
[13]高鹏,刘忠华.北方地区暖通设备冬季防冻技术措施[J].低温建筑技术,2011,(12):123-124.
[14]国家住房和城乡建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.疾病预防控制中心建筑技术规范:GB50881-2013[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.
[15]罗瑞云,杜琳.疾病预防控制中心实验室空调通风系统的设计要求[J].中国卫生工程学,2008,7(2):114-116.
[2]刘跃,周蓉.论疾病预防控制机构二级生物安全实验室建设[J].疾病监测,2008,23(10):651-653.
[3]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.实验室生物安全通用要求:GB19489-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[4]年庆功,姜涛,秦鄂德,等.流感病毒热稳定性的研究进展[J].军事医学,2013,37(3):231-233.
[5]张益昭,于玺华,曹国庆,等.生物安全实验室气流组织形式的实验研究[J].暖通空调,2006,36(11):1-9.
[6]谢景欣,王欢,王建锋,等.负压二级生物安全实验室设计关键控制点分析[J].暖通空调,2013,43(5):38-42.
[7]谢景欣.全国CDC实验室设计中存在的主要问题及应对措施[J].中国卫生工程学,2007,6(2):65-69.
[8]靳晓军,李京京,程洪亮,等.高等级生物安全实验室风险及其对策[J].生物技术通讯,2015,26(5):704-707.
[9]李雪柏,谷鑫,王晓雪,等.生物安全实验室温度较高的原因分析及对策探讨[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(3):187-193.
[10]谷鑫,李雪柏,王晓雪,等.生物安全实验室空调机组冬季防冻研究[J].中国医学装备,2018,15(3):126-129.
[11]谢景欣.负压二级生物安全实验室设计要点[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(10):1231-1232.
[12]陈航.风冷热泵机组冬季运行的可靠性[J].暖通空调,1999,29(5):77-79.
[13]高鹏,刘忠华.北方地区暖通设备冬季防冻技术措施[J].低温建筑技术,2011,(12):123-124.
[14]国家住房和城乡建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.疾病预防控制中心建筑技术规范:GB50881-2013[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.
[15]罗瑞云,杜琳.疾病预防控制中心实验室空调通风系统的设计要求[J].中国卫生工程学,2008,7(2):114-116.