基于CALINE4模型的机动车尾气一氧化碳扩散迁移机理研究——以某工业园区为例
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摘要
以某工业园区黄阁大道中为研究对象,采用线源扩散模型(CALINE4),对机动车尾气一氧化碳(CO)扩散迁移机理进行研究。采集车流量、模拟道路几何参数、气象参数等指标,分别根据模型排放因子(COPERT5)和现行排放因子得到道路各个时段、不同位置的CO浓度。测量表明:两者CO浓度扩散规律为道路中心向外围不断递减,最远扩散距离为12 m,但前者CO综合排放因子偏低。对CALINE4模型各影响因素的敏感性进行分析,得出风向为最敏感因素,车流量、综合排放因子和风速为较敏感因素,而环境温度、大气混合层高度、大气稳定度、空气动力学粗糙系数和海拔高度为非敏感因素。
Taking Mid Huangge Avenue of an industrial park as the research object, the diffusion and migration mechanism of carbon monoxide(CO) of vehicle exhaust is studied using CALINE4 line source diffusion model. According to the emission factors of COPERT5 model and current emission factors, the CO concentration at different locations of roads in different periods is obtained by collecting indexes including vehicle flow, simulated road geometric parameters and meteorological parameters. The measurement results show that the CO diffusion rules of the two models are both that the CO concentration decreases continuously from the center of the road to the periphery, and the farthest CO diffusion distance is 12 m. However, the CO comprehensive emission factor of the former is low. The sensitivities of the factors affecting the CALINE4 model are analyzed. The results show that wind direction is the most sensitive factor; vehicle flow, comprehensive emission factor and wind speed are the more sensitive factors; environment temperature, atmospheric mixing layer height, atmospheric stability,aerodynamic roughness coefficient and altitude are non-sensitive factors.
Taking Mid Huangge Avenue of an industrial park as the research object, the diffusion and migration mechanism of carbon monoxide(CO) of vehicle exhaust is studied using CALINE4 line source diffusion model. According to the emission factors of COPERT5 model and current emission factors, the CO concentration at different locations of roads in different periods is obtained by collecting indexes including vehicle flow, simulated road geometric parameters and meteorological parameters. The measurement results show that the CO diffusion rules of the two models are both that the CO concentration decreases continuously from the center of the road to the periphery, and the farthest CO diffusion distance is 12 m. However, the CO comprehensive emission factor of the former is low. The sensitivities of the factors affecting the CALINE4 model are analyzed. The results show that wind direction is the most sensitive factor; vehicle flow, comprehensive emission factor and wind speed are the more sensitive factors; environment temperature, atmospheric mixing layer height, atmospheric stability,aerodynamic roughness coefficient and altitude are non-sensitive factors.
引文
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[4]兰涛.CALINE4模型在西安市主干道机动车CO污染扩散计算中的应用研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2006.
[5]王征,邱兆文.基于CALINE4模式的平原地区高速公路机动车尾气污染水平研究[J].交通节能与环保,2015(3):17-21.
[6]石伟,张红,史锐,等.基于CALINE4模型的城市机动车尾气CO扩散模拟研究--以太原市快速道滨河东路为例[J].山西大学学报:自然科学版,2011,34(1):147-152.
[7]孔茜.街区尺度机动车污染的人群暴露特征研究[D].北京:清华大学,2009.
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[9]中华人民共和国环境保护部.道路机动车大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[Z].2014.