蜜环菌的优化培养研究
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摘要
通过设置不同碳源培养基、不同氮源培养基、不同菌株活化时间、不同母种培养基、不同栽培种培养基、不同添加物培养的方式对蜜环菌菌株进行培养,以探索蜜环菌的最适培养条件,为实现蜜环菌快速培育提供理论基础。结果表明,培养基中添加牛肉膏时蜜环菌萌发时间最短;蜜环菌在不加琼脂的液体培养基中菌株萌发时间最快,菌株最佳活化时间为48 h;PDA中加入30%松针浸提液的培养基蜜环菌生长最好、萌发快、菌索发达且菌体生物量高;利用60%苹果枝、30%玉米芯、10%胡萝卜营养液制作的栽培种培养基更适于蜜环菌的栽培种培养;在发酵培养基中添加0.2%豆油时蜜环菌生物量增加,乙醇添加量为0.8%时能够显著促进蜜环菌生长。
In this experiment, Armillaria mellea strains were cultured in different carbon or nitrogen medium, different strain activation time, different mother culture medium, different cultivation species culture and different additive culture methods, to explore the optimum culture conditions for Armillaria mellea and provide a theoretical basis for the rapid development of Armillariella mellea.The result showed that the germination time of Armillaria mellea was the shortest when sucrose or beef paste was added to the medium.The germination time of Armillariella mellea in the liquid medium without agar was the fastest, and the optimum time of activation was 48 hours. Add 30% pine needle extract to PDA, then the growth of Armillaria mellea on the medium was the best, the germination was rapid, the bacteria was well developed and the biomass of the bacteria was high. With 60% apple shoots, 30% corn cob, 10% carrot,cultivating culture medium made with nutrient solution was more suitable for culturing cultivars of Armillaria mellea. When 0.2%soybean oil was added to the fermentation medium, the biomass of Armillaria mellea increased. Besides, the amount of ethanol added by 0.8% could significantly promote the growth of Armillaria mellea.
In this experiment, Armillaria mellea strains were cultured in different carbon or nitrogen medium, different strain activation time, different mother culture medium, different cultivation species culture and different additive culture methods, to explore the optimum culture conditions for Armillaria mellea and provide a theoretical basis for the rapid development of Armillariella mellea.The result showed that the germination time of Armillaria mellea was the shortest when sucrose or beef paste was added to the medium.The germination time of Armillariella mellea in the liquid medium without agar was the fastest, and the optimum time of activation was 48 hours. Add 30% pine needle extract to PDA, then the growth of Armillaria mellea on the medium was the best, the germination was rapid, the bacteria was well developed and the biomass of the bacteria was high. With 60% apple shoots, 30% corn cob, 10% carrot,cultivating culture medium made with nutrient solution was more suitable for culturing cultivars of Armillaria mellea. When 0.2%soybean oil was added to the fermentation medium, the biomass of Armillaria mellea increased. Besides, the amount of ethanol added by 0.8% could significantly promote the growth of Armillaria mellea.
引文
[1]秦国夫,赵俊,郭文辉,等.蜜环菌的生物学研究进展[J].东北林业大学学报,2004,32(6):89-94.
[2]张维经,李碧峰.天麻与蜜环菌的关系[J].植物生态学报(英文版),1980(1):59-64,113.
[3]戴芳澜.中国真菌总汇[M].北京:科学出版社,1979:1527.
[4]郭顺星,徐锦堂.蜜环菌的化学成分及其应用[J].微生物学通报,1996(23):239,240.
[5]贺伟,秦国夫,沈瑞祥.大兴安岭和长白山地区蜜环菌生物种的研究[J].真菌学报,1996,15(1):9-16.
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[8]石志红,何建涛,常文保.中药指纹图谱技术[J].大学化学,2004,19(1):33-39.
[9] GAO J M,YANG X,WANG C Y,et al. Armillaramide,a new sphingolipid from the Fungus Armillaria mellea[J]. Fitoterapia,2001,72(8):858-864.
[10]张嘉,杨延旗,淡海,等.蜜环菌的化学成分[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(4):952-956.
[11]杨峻山,苏亚伦,王玉兰,等.蜜环菌菌丝体化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1991,26(2):117-121.
[12]杨峻山,苏亚伦,王玉兰,等.蜜环菌菌丝体化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1990,25(1):24-28.
[13]杨峻山,苏亚伦,王玉兰,等.蜜环菌菌丝体化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1990,25(5):353-356.
[14]杨峻山,丛浦珠.蜜环菌己素(armillarigin)的结构测定[J].质谱学报,1989,13(2):49-52.
[15]邹容,康冀川.蜜环菌研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2005,24(3):260-264.
[16]臧金平,袁生,连宾.蜜环菌的研究进展[J].微量元素与健康研究,2004,21(3):47-50.
[17]李福后,王伟霞,许冰.蜜环菌的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(25):7741-7742.
[18]袁媛,刘景圣,蔡丹.蜜环菌化学成分与药理作用的研究进展[J].农产品加工·学刊,2008(5):46-49.
[19]许宝奎,操玉平,于敏,等.蜜环菌多糖对大鼠INS-1细胞凋亡的拮抗作用[J].中国食用菌,2010,29(1):45-48.
[20]虞磊,沈业寿,吴建民,等.蜜环菌菌索多糖抗衰老作用研究[J].中成药,2006,28(7):994-996.
[21]朱显峰,余晨晨,范书军,等.蜜环菌水溶性多糖的抗氧化活性研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(3):89-91.
[22]殷银霞,邱家权,吴玉泓,等.蜜环菌多糖含药血清对过氧化氢诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护机制[J].时珍国医国药,2014(1):74-76.
[2]张维经,李碧峰.天麻与蜜环菌的关系[J].植物生态学报(英文版),1980(1):59-64,113.
[3]戴芳澜.中国真菌总汇[M].北京:科学出版社,1979:1527.
[4]郭顺星,徐锦堂.蜜环菌的化学成分及其应用[J].微生物学通报,1996(23):239,240.
[5]贺伟,秦国夫,沈瑞祥.大兴安岭和长白山地区蜜环菌生物种的研究[J].真菌学报,1996,15(1):9-16.
[6]郭顺星.蜜环菌和猪苓的发育学及其二者的相互作用机理[D].北京:中国协和医科大学,北京协和医学院,中国医学科学院,清华大学医学部,1995.
[7]顾雅君,张明艳,唐宏亮,等.蜜环菌和天麻、猪苓的关系及尚未大量人工驯化原因[J].中国食用菌,2008,17(6):20-21.
[8]石志红,何建涛,常文保.中药指纹图谱技术[J].大学化学,2004,19(1):33-39.
[9] GAO J M,YANG X,WANG C Y,et al. Armillaramide,a new sphingolipid from the Fungus Armillaria mellea[J]. Fitoterapia,2001,72(8):858-864.
[10]张嘉,杨延旗,淡海,等.蜜环菌的化学成分[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(4):952-956.
[11]杨峻山,苏亚伦,王玉兰,等.蜜环菌菌丝体化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1991,26(2):117-121.
[12]杨峻山,苏亚伦,王玉兰,等.蜜环菌菌丝体化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1990,25(1):24-28.
[13]杨峻山,苏亚伦,王玉兰,等.蜜环菌菌丝体化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1990,25(5):353-356.
[14]杨峻山,丛浦珠.蜜环菌己素(armillarigin)的结构测定[J].质谱学报,1989,13(2):49-52.
[15]邹容,康冀川.蜜环菌研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2005,24(3):260-264.
[16]臧金平,袁生,连宾.蜜环菌的研究进展[J].微量元素与健康研究,2004,21(3):47-50.
[17]李福后,王伟霞,许冰.蜜环菌的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(25):7741-7742.
[18]袁媛,刘景圣,蔡丹.蜜环菌化学成分与药理作用的研究进展[J].农产品加工·学刊,2008(5):46-49.
[19]许宝奎,操玉平,于敏,等.蜜环菌多糖对大鼠INS-1细胞凋亡的拮抗作用[J].中国食用菌,2010,29(1):45-48.
[20]虞磊,沈业寿,吴建民,等.蜜环菌菌索多糖抗衰老作用研究[J].中成药,2006,28(7):994-996.
[21]朱显峰,余晨晨,范书军,等.蜜环菌水溶性多糖的抗氧化活性研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(3):89-91.
[22]殷银霞,邱家权,吴玉泓,等.蜜环菌多糖含药血清对过氧化氢诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护机制[J].时珍国医国药,2014(1):74-76.