深化煤层气与煤炭矿业权管理改革思路探析——以山西省为例
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摘要
山西省煤层气、煤炭两类矿业权勘查开发管理中存在的问题有:职能交叉严重,管理体制不顺;缺乏统一协调机制,实施综合勘查开采政策难度较大;缺乏统一的安全管理规范、标准和监管法规;利益分配机制不健全。深化煤层气与煤炭矿业权管理改革建议:1转变政府职能,明确各级政府在煤层气煤炭管理中的职责分工;2以山西省为试点,创建煤层气二级管理体制;3建立"一证多主矿种"统一设置制度,推行煤炭煤层气矿业权合一;4完善矿业权市场,建立煤层气公开竞争出让制度;5建立煤层气矿业权审批在国土资源部备案巡察考评制度;6尽快建立煤层气、煤炭勘查开发管理协调机制;7尽快制定统一的煤层气与煤炭开发利用法规标准和规范。
In light of the problems we face in mining rights management both coal-bed gas and coal, this paper puts forward some reform proposals. The problems are: the function overlapping is serious, and management system is not smooth; implementing comprehensive prospecting and exploitation policy is becoming challenging owing to lack of unified coordination mechanism; shortages of unified safety management standard and regulations is also evident; and benefit distribution mechanism is not sound. In response to this, this paper proposes that we must transform the functions of the government, set clear assignment of responsibility of governments at all levels for the management of coal-bed gas and coal,and create the secondary management system with regard to coal-bed gas and coal in Shanxi province as a trail project. At the same time, we should establish one warrant for multi- major minerals system, set unified system to introduce the unification of mining rights regarding coal-bed gas and coal, perfect the market of mining rights, and build open competition transfer system of coal-bed gas. On this basis, we must build system to keep approval and confirm of coal-bed gas mining right on the record of Ministry of Land and Resources with a view to being inspected and evaluated. In addition, we must accelerate the pace of setting up coordination mechanism for managing coal-bed gas and coal exploration and exploitation, and formulating unified regulations, standards and specifications of development and utilization.
In light of the problems we face in mining rights management both coal-bed gas and coal, this paper puts forward some reform proposals. The problems are: the function overlapping is serious, and management system is not smooth; implementing comprehensive prospecting and exploitation policy is becoming challenging owing to lack of unified coordination mechanism; shortages of unified safety management standard and regulations is also evident; and benefit distribution mechanism is not sound. In response to this, this paper proposes that we must transform the functions of the government, set clear assignment of responsibility of governments at all levels for the management of coal-bed gas and coal,and create the secondary management system with regard to coal-bed gas and coal in Shanxi province as a trail project. At the same time, we should establish one warrant for multi- major minerals system, set unified system to introduce the unification of mining rights regarding coal-bed gas and coal, perfect the market of mining rights, and build open competition transfer system of coal-bed gas. On this basis, we must build system to keep approval and confirm of coal-bed gas mining right on the record of Ministry of Land and Resources with a view to being inspected and evaluated. In addition, we must accelerate the pace of setting up coordination mechanism for managing coal-bed gas and coal exploration and exploitation, and formulating unified regulations, standards and specifications of development and utilization.
引文
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[2]蔡开东.煤层气与煤炭矿权分置对煤矿安全的影响及对策探析[J].洁净煤技术,2007,13(3):5-7.
[3]田文广,李五忠,周远刚,等.煤矿区煤层气综合开发利用模式探讨[J].天然气工业,2008,28(3):87-89,145.
[4]何辉,苏丽萍.煤矿区“采煤采气一体化”的理论与实践探讨[C]//2008年煤层气学术研讨会论文集.北京:地质出版社,2008.
[5]刘蕾,任蒙.煤层气开采相关问题的对策解析[J].法制与经济(中旬刊),2010(1):95-96.
[6]王保民.“两权重叠”的法律问题——关于煤炭、煤层气矿业权分置现象的思考[J].西南政法大学学报,2010,12(3):13-19.
[7]李丽英.我国煤矿区煤层气与煤炭资源一体化协调开发政策研究[J].煤炭经济研究,2011,31(3):20-23.
[8]张胜有,冯立杰,王金凤.煤层气开发利用政策现状、存在问题及对策建议[J].煤炭经济研究,2011,31(7):14-18.
[9]孙婷婷,王升辉,孟刚,等.我国煤炭与煤层气和谐开采设想与建议[J].中国矿业,2012,(S1):181-184.
[10]王希耘,董秀成,皮光林.我国煤层气资源开发现状及对策研究[J].中外企业家,2012(19):11-14.
[11]国土资源部.国土资源综合统计年报2012[R].北京:国土资源部,2013:13.
[12]国土资源部.2012年全国非油气矿产资源开发利用统计年报[R].北京:国土资源部,2013:230.
[13]山西省国土资源厅.山西省矿山企业统计资料2012[R].太原:山西省国土资源厅,2013.