传统村落空间营建的生态思想及智慧内涵
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摘要
文章基于对国内外传统村落生态营建理论及实践的总结分析,结合实地考察,从人地和谐角度对传统村落空间营建的生态思想及智慧内涵进行思考,以期以其核心智慧应对多元时代的变化和发展需求。传统村落选址布局、资源利用与保护、防灾减灾等空间营建活动反映了古人"相地而生"的自然适应思想、"人境共融"的可持续发展思想、"避险防灾"的生态安全思想,文章进一步揭示了其生态思想背后所蕴藏的智慧内涵:以协同思维指导村落空间建设;以自然过程支撑村落生命系统;以伦理秩序维持村落自然格局。同时结合我国当前城乡建设实践,提出适应时代发展的生态可持续营建行为准则、生态范式及价值向导。
Based on the summary and analysis of the theories and practices of the ecological construction of traditional villages at home and abroad, and combined with field investigation, this paper reflects on the ecological thought and wisdom connotation of the spatial construction of traditional villages from the perspective of humanland harmony, in order to cope with the changes and development demands of diverse times with a core ideological wisdom. It is found that the site selection, space construction, resource utilization and protection, prevention of disaster reduction of traditional villages reflect the nature and humanity thought of "adapt with the landscape", the sustainable development thought of "harmony between man and environment" and the ecological security thought of "disaster prevention", and they reflects the great wisdom of the ancients in the construction of the village: guiding the village space construction with collaborative thinking; supporting village life system with natural process; maintain the natural pattern of the village with the ethical order. At the same time, according to China's current urban and rural construction practice, this paper puts forward the code of conduct, ecological paradigm and value guide of ecological sustainable construction to adapt to the development of the times.
Based on the summary and analysis of the theories and practices of the ecological construction of traditional villages at home and abroad, and combined with field investigation, this paper reflects on the ecological thought and wisdom connotation of the spatial construction of traditional villages from the perspective of humanland harmony, in order to cope with the changes and development demands of diverse times with a core ideological wisdom. It is found that the site selection, space construction, resource utilization and protection, prevention of disaster reduction of traditional villages reflect the nature and humanity thought of "adapt with the landscape", the sustainable development thought of "harmony between man and environment" and the ecological security thought of "disaster prevention", and they reflects the great wisdom of the ancients in the construction of the village: guiding the village space construction with collaborative thinking; supporting village life system with natural process; maintain the natural pattern of the village with the ethical order. At the same time, according to China's current urban and rural construction practice, this paper puts forward the code of conduct, ecological paradigm and value guide of ecological sustainable construction to adapt to the development of the times.
引文
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[10]杨贵庆.我国传统聚落空间整体性特征及其社会学意义[J].同济大学学报(社会科学版),2014(3):60-68.
[11]周政旭,封基铖.生存压力下的贵州少数民族山地聚落营建——以扁担山地区为例[J].城市规划,2015,39(9):74-81.
[12]毛刚.生态视野·西南高海拔山区聚落与建筑[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2003.
[13]崔海洋,马洪斌,高翔,等.侗族传统文化与生态环境保护——以黔东南州侗族地区为例[J].生态经济(中文版),2016,32(4):219-223.
[14]曾卫,周钰婷.城市生态规划理论方法再深入——2016年中国城市规划学会城市生态规划学术委员会年会述要[J].西部人居环境学刊,2016,31(5):16-20.
[15]商玉秀,于欣波.生态城市规划之路——“辅万物之自然”[J].城市发展研究,2006,13(3):10-13.
[16]邱燕,曹礼昆.元阳哈尼族梯田生态村寨研究[J].中国园林,2002,18(3):29-30.
[17]商玉秀,王普斌.城市规划与可持续发展——老子哲学对现代城市规划的启示[J].城市发展研究,2005,12(5):37-40.
[2]黄忠怀.20世纪中国村落研究综述[J].华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2005,37(2):110-116.
[3]王智平.村落生态系统分布特征和模式的探讨[J].生态与农村环境学报,1994,10(1):6-8.
[4]杨京平.全球生态村运动述评[J].生态经济(中文版),2000(4):46-48.
[5]Inge Schjellerup,孙学飞.La Morada:人类压力对秘鲁东北部Ceja de Selva环境影响的实例研究[J].AMBIO-人类环境杂志,2000(7):451-454.
[6]Schjel erup I.Observations on ridged fields and terracing systems in the northern highlands of Peru[J]. Tools&Tilage,1985.
[7]范凌云,刘雅洁,雷诚.生态村建设的国际经验及启示[J].国际城市规划,2015(6):100-107.
[8]刘沛林.传统村落选址的意象研究[J].中国历史地理论丛,1995(1):119-128.
[9]杨贵庆,蔡一凡.传统村落总体布局的自然智慧和社会语义[J].上海城市规划,2016(4):9-16.
[10]杨贵庆.我国传统聚落空间整体性特征及其社会学意义[J].同济大学学报(社会科学版),2014(3):60-68.
[11]周政旭,封基铖.生存压力下的贵州少数民族山地聚落营建——以扁担山地区为例[J].城市规划,2015,39(9):74-81.
[12]毛刚.生态视野·西南高海拔山区聚落与建筑[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2003.
[13]崔海洋,马洪斌,高翔,等.侗族传统文化与生态环境保护——以黔东南州侗族地区为例[J].生态经济(中文版),2016,32(4):219-223.
[14]曾卫,周钰婷.城市生态规划理论方法再深入——2016年中国城市规划学会城市生态规划学术委员会年会述要[J].西部人居环境学刊,2016,31(5):16-20.
[15]商玉秀,于欣波.生态城市规划之路——“辅万物之自然”[J].城市发展研究,2006,13(3):10-13.
[16]邱燕,曹礼昆.元阳哈尼族梯田生态村寨研究[J].中国园林,2002,18(3):29-30.
[17]商玉秀,王普斌.城市规划与可持续发展——老子哲学对现代城市规划的启示[J].城市发展研究,2005,12(5):37-40.