微小RNAs在牙釉质发育过程中的表达和作用
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摘要
微小RNAs(micro RNAs)是一类内源性的短链非编码RNA,在转录后水平调控基因的表达,在各项生物发生过程中发挥重要的调控作用。牙釉质发育过程中任何信号的干扰和突变都可能导致牙釉质形成障碍。本文对mi RNAs在牙釉质发育过程中的表达和作用机制进行综述。
microRNAs(mi RNAs) are endogenous short, noncoding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. mi RNAs are involved in multiple developmental events in various tissues and organs, including dental enamel development. Any disruption during enamel development may result in inherited enamel malformations. This article reviews the expression and function of mi RNAs in enamel development.
microRNAs(mi RNAs) are endogenous short, noncoding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. mi RNAs are involved in multiple developmental events in various tissues and organs, including dental enamel development. Any disruption during enamel development may result in inherited enamel malformations. This article reviews the expression and function of mi RNAs in enamel development.
引文
[1]Hu JC,Chun YH,Al Hazzazzi T,et al.Enamel formation and amelogenesis imperfect[J].Cells Tissues Organs,2007,186(1):78-85.
[2]Fabian MR,Sonenberg N,Filipowicz W.Regulation of m RNA translation and stability by micro RNAs[J].Annu Rev Biochem,2010,79:351-379.
[3]Winter J,Jung S,Keller S,et al.Many roads to maturity:micro RNA biogenesis pathways and their regulation[J].Nat Cell Biol,2009,11(3):228-234.
[4]Bidlack FB,Huynh C,Marshman JA.Helium ion microscopy of enamel crystallites and extracellular tooth enamel matrix[J].Front Physiol,2014,5(5):395.
[5]Jheon AH,Li CY,Wen T,et al.Expression of Micro RNAs in the stem cell niche of the adult mouse incisor[J].PLo S One,2011,6(9):1-7.
[6]Sehic A,Risnes S,Khan Q,et al.Gene expression and dental enamel structure in developing mouse incisor[J].Eur J Oral Sci,2010,118(2):118-130.
[7]Goldberg M,Kellermann O,Dimitrova-Nakov S,et al.Comparative studies between mice molars and incisors are required to draw an overview of enamel structural complexity[J].Front Physiol,2014,5(5):359.
[8]Jarvinen E,Salazar-Ciudad I,Birchmeier WA,et al.Continuous tooth generation in mouse is induced by activated epithelial Wnt/beta-catenin signaling[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2006,103(49):18627-18632.
[9]Michon F,Tummers M,Kyyr?nen M,et al.Tooth morphogenesis and ameloblast differentiation are regulated by microRNAs[J].Dev Biol,2010,340(2):355-368.
[10]Bartlett JD.Dental enamel development:proteinases and their enamel matrix substrates[J].ISRN Dent,2013,2013:684607.
[11]Cevc G,Cevc P,Schara M,et al.The caries resistance of human teeth is determined by the spatial arrangement of hydroxyapatite microcrystals in the enamel[J].Nature,1980,286(5771):425-426.
[12]Smith CE.Cellular and chemical events during enamel maturation[J].Crit Rev Oral Biol Med,1998,9(2):128-161.
[13]Hu JC,Sun XL,Zhang CH,et al.Enamelysin and kallikrein-4m RNA expression in developing mouse molars[J].Eur J Oral Sci,2002,110(4):307-315.
[14]Seidel K,Ahn CP,Lyons D,et al.Hedgehog signaling regulates the generation of ameloblast progenitors in the continuously growing mouse incisor[J].Development,2010,137(22):3753-3761.
[15]Alachioti XS,Dimopoulou E,Vlasakidou A,et al.Amelogenesis imperfecta and anterior open bite:etiological,classifi cation,clinical and management interrelationships[J].J Orthod Sci,2014,3(1):1-6.
[16]Stephanopoulos G,Garefalaki ME,Lyroudia K.Genes and related proteins involved in amelogenesis imperfecta[J].J Dent Res,2005,84(12):1117-1126.
[17]Greenblatt MB,Kim JM,Oh H,et al.p38αMAPK is iequired for tooth morphogenesis and enamel secretion[J].J Biol Chem,2015,290(1):284-295.
[18]Kornak U.Animal models with pathological mineralization phenotypes[J].Joint Bone Spine,2011,78(6):561-567.
[19]Dp BP.Micro RNAs:genomics,biogenesis,mechanism,and function[J].Cell,2004,116(2):281-297.
[20]Eulalio A,Huntzinger E,Izaurralde E.Getting to the root of mi RNA-mediated gene silencing[J].Cell,2008,132(1):9-14.
[21]Sun F,Wan M,Xu X,et al.Crosstalk between mi R-34a and notch signaling promotes differentiation in apical papilla stem cells(SCAPs)[J].J Dent Res,2014,93(6):589-595.
[22]Wan M,Gao B,Sun F,et al.micro RNA mi R-34a regulates cytodifferentiation and targets multi-signaling pathways in human dental papilla cells[J].PLo S One,2012,7(11):e50090.
[23]Zheng LW,Linthicum L,Denbesten PK,et al.The similarity between human embryonic stem cell-derived epithelial cells and ameloblast-lineage cells[J].Int J Oral Sci,2013,5(1):1-6.
[24]Gao B,Zheng LW.micro RNA expression in rat apical periodontitis bone lesion[J].Bone Res,2013,1(2):15-17.
[25]Han J,Lee Y,Yeom KH,et al.Molecular basis for the recognition of primary micro RNAs by the Drosha-DGCR8 complex[J].Cell,2006,125(5):887-901.
[26]Cao HJ,Jheon A,Li X,et al.The Pitx2:mi R-200c/141:noggin pathway regulates Bmp signaling and ameloblast differentiation[J].Development,2013,140(16):3348-3359.
[27]Yin KF,Hacia JG,Zhong Z,et al.Genome-wide analysis of mi RNA and m RNA transcriptomes during amelogenesis[J].BMC Genomics,2014,15(15):998.
[28]Michon F.Tooth evolution and dental defects:from genetic regulation network to micro-RNA fi ne-tuning[J].Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol,2011,91(8):763-769.
[29]Kim EJ,Lee MJ,Li L,et al.Failure of tooth formation mediated by mi R-135a overexpression via BMP signaling[J].J Dent Res,2014,93(6):571-575.
[30]Liu W,Selever J,Lu MF,et al.Genetic dissection of Pitx2in craniofacial development uncovers new functions in branchial arch morphogenesis,late aspects of tooth morphogenesis and cell migration[J].Development,2003,130(25):6375-6385.
[31]Hardcastle Z,Mo R,Hui CC,et al.The shh signalling pathway in tooth development:defects in Gli2 and Gli3 mutants[J].Development,1998,125(15):2803-2811.
[32]Tummers M,Thesleff I.Observations on continuously growing roots and K14-Eda transgenic mice[J].Evol Dev,2006,10(2):187-195.
[33]Cao H,Wang J,Li X,et al.Micro RNAs play a critical role in tooth development[J].J Dent Res,2010,89(8):779-784.
[34]Oommen S,Otsuka-Tanaka Y,Imam N,et al.Distinct roles of Micro RNAs in epithelium and mesenchyme during tooth development[J].Develop Dyn,2012,241(9):1465-1472.
[35]Dassule HR,Lewis P,Bei M,et al.Sonic hedgehog regulates growth and morphogenesis of the tooth[J].Development,2000,127(22):4775-4785.
[36]Park CY,Jeker LT,Carver-Moore K,et al.A resource for the conditional ablation of micro RNAs in the mouse[J].Cell Rep,2012,1(4):385-391.
[37]Park CY,Choi YS,Mcmanus MT.Analysis of micro RNA knockouts in mice[J].Hum Mol Genet,2010,19(2):R169-R175.
[38]Krützfeldt J,Rajewsky N,Braich R,et al.Silencing of micro RNAs in vivo with‘antagomirs’[J].Nature,2005,438(768):685-689.
[39]Sehic A,Risnes S,Khuu C,et al.Effects of in vivo transfection with anti-mi R-214 on gene expression in murine molar tooth germ[J].Physiol Genomics,2011,43(9):488-498.
[40]Plikus MV,Zeichner-David M,Mayer JA,et al.Morphoregulation of teeth:modulating the number,size,shape and differentiation by tuning Bmp activity[J].Evol Dev,2005,7(5):440-457.
[41]Mustonen T,Tummers M,Mikami T,et al.Lunatic fringe,FGF,and BMP regulate the notch pathway during epithelial morphogenesis of teeth[J].Dev Biol,2002,248(2):281-293.
[42]Shusterman K,Gibson CW,Li Y,et al.Wnt-Rho A signaling pathways in fl uoride-treated ameloblast-lineage cells[J].Cells Tissues Organs,2014,199(2/3):159-168.
[43]Harada H,Toyono T,Toyoshima K,et al.FGF10 maintains stem cell population during mouse incisor development[J].Connect Tissue Res,2002,43(2/3):201-204.
[44]Kettunen P,Laurikkala J,Itaranta P,et al.Associations of FGF-3 and FGF-10 with signaling networks regulating tooth morphogenesis[J].Develop Dyn,2000,219(3):322-332.
[45]Lacruz RS,Smith CE,Moffatt P,et al.Requirements for ion and solute transport,and p H regulation during enamel maturation[J].J Cell Physiol,2012,227(4):1776-1785.
[46]Andl T,Ahn K,Kairo A,et al.Epithelial Bmpr1a regulates differentiation and proliferation in postnatal hair follicles and is essential for tooth development[J].Development,2004,131(10):2257-2268.
[47]Matalova E,Antonarakis GS,Sharpe PT,et al.Cell lineage of primary and secondary enamel knots[J].Develop Dyn,2005,233(3):754-759.
[48]Gritli-Linde A,Bei M,Maas R,et al.Shh signaling within the dental epithelium is necessary for cell proliferation,growth and polarization[J].Development,2002,129(23):5323-5337.
[49]Kangas AT,Evans AR,Thesleff I,et al.Nonindependence of mammalian dental characters[J].Nature,2004,432(7014):211-214.
[50]Klein OD,Minowada G,Peterkova R,et al.Sprouty genes control diastema tooth development via bidirectional antagonism of epithelial-mesenchymal FGF signaling[J].Dev Cell,2006,11(2):181-190.
[2]Fabian MR,Sonenberg N,Filipowicz W.Regulation of m RNA translation and stability by micro RNAs[J].Annu Rev Biochem,2010,79:351-379.
[3]Winter J,Jung S,Keller S,et al.Many roads to maturity:micro RNA biogenesis pathways and their regulation[J].Nat Cell Biol,2009,11(3):228-234.
[4]Bidlack FB,Huynh C,Marshman JA.Helium ion microscopy of enamel crystallites and extracellular tooth enamel matrix[J].Front Physiol,2014,5(5):395.
[5]Jheon AH,Li CY,Wen T,et al.Expression of Micro RNAs in the stem cell niche of the adult mouse incisor[J].PLo S One,2011,6(9):1-7.
[6]Sehic A,Risnes S,Khan Q,et al.Gene expression and dental enamel structure in developing mouse incisor[J].Eur J Oral Sci,2010,118(2):118-130.
[7]Goldberg M,Kellermann O,Dimitrova-Nakov S,et al.Comparative studies between mice molars and incisors are required to draw an overview of enamel structural complexity[J].Front Physiol,2014,5(5):359.
[8]Jarvinen E,Salazar-Ciudad I,Birchmeier WA,et al.Continuous tooth generation in mouse is induced by activated epithelial Wnt/beta-catenin signaling[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2006,103(49):18627-18632.
[9]Michon F,Tummers M,Kyyr?nen M,et al.Tooth morphogenesis and ameloblast differentiation are regulated by microRNAs[J].Dev Biol,2010,340(2):355-368.
[10]Bartlett JD.Dental enamel development:proteinases and their enamel matrix substrates[J].ISRN Dent,2013,2013:684607.
[11]Cevc G,Cevc P,Schara M,et al.The caries resistance of human teeth is determined by the spatial arrangement of hydroxyapatite microcrystals in the enamel[J].Nature,1980,286(5771):425-426.
[12]Smith CE.Cellular and chemical events during enamel maturation[J].Crit Rev Oral Biol Med,1998,9(2):128-161.
[13]Hu JC,Sun XL,Zhang CH,et al.Enamelysin and kallikrein-4m RNA expression in developing mouse molars[J].Eur J Oral Sci,2002,110(4):307-315.
[14]Seidel K,Ahn CP,Lyons D,et al.Hedgehog signaling regulates the generation of ameloblast progenitors in the continuously growing mouse incisor[J].Development,2010,137(22):3753-3761.
[15]Alachioti XS,Dimopoulou E,Vlasakidou A,et al.Amelogenesis imperfecta and anterior open bite:etiological,classifi cation,clinical and management interrelationships[J].J Orthod Sci,2014,3(1):1-6.
[16]Stephanopoulos G,Garefalaki ME,Lyroudia K.Genes and related proteins involved in amelogenesis imperfecta[J].J Dent Res,2005,84(12):1117-1126.
[17]Greenblatt MB,Kim JM,Oh H,et al.p38αMAPK is iequired for tooth morphogenesis and enamel secretion[J].J Biol Chem,2015,290(1):284-295.
[18]Kornak U.Animal models with pathological mineralization phenotypes[J].Joint Bone Spine,2011,78(6):561-567.
[19]Dp BP.Micro RNAs:genomics,biogenesis,mechanism,and function[J].Cell,2004,116(2):281-297.
[20]Eulalio A,Huntzinger E,Izaurralde E.Getting to the root of mi RNA-mediated gene silencing[J].Cell,2008,132(1):9-14.
[21]Sun F,Wan M,Xu X,et al.Crosstalk between mi R-34a and notch signaling promotes differentiation in apical papilla stem cells(SCAPs)[J].J Dent Res,2014,93(6):589-595.
[22]Wan M,Gao B,Sun F,et al.micro RNA mi R-34a regulates cytodifferentiation and targets multi-signaling pathways in human dental papilla cells[J].PLo S One,2012,7(11):e50090.
[23]Zheng LW,Linthicum L,Denbesten PK,et al.The similarity between human embryonic stem cell-derived epithelial cells and ameloblast-lineage cells[J].Int J Oral Sci,2013,5(1):1-6.
[24]Gao B,Zheng LW.micro RNA expression in rat apical periodontitis bone lesion[J].Bone Res,2013,1(2):15-17.
[25]Han J,Lee Y,Yeom KH,et al.Molecular basis for the recognition of primary micro RNAs by the Drosha-DGCR8 complex[J].Cell,2006,125(5):887-901.
[26]Cao HJ,Jheon A,Li X,et al.The Pitx2:mi R-200c/141:noggin pathway regulates Bmp signaling and ameloblast differentiation[J].Development,2013,140(16):3348-3359.
[27]Yin KF,Hacia JG,Zhong Z,et al.Genome-wide analysis of mi RNA and m RNA transcriptomes during amelogenesis[J].BMC Genomics,2014,15(15):998.
[28]Michon F.Tooth evolution and dental defects:from genetic regulation network to micro-RNA fi ne-tuning[J].Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol,2011,91(8):763-769.
[29]Kim EJ,Lee MJ,Li L,et al.Failure of tooth formation mediated by mi R-135a overexpression via BMP signaling[J].J Dent Res,2014,93(6):571-575.
[30]Liu W,Selever J,Lu MF,et al.Genetic dissection of Pitx2in craniofacial development uncovers new functions in branchial arch morphogenesis,late aspects of tooth morphogenesis and cell migration[J].Development,2003,130(25):6375-6385.
[31]Hardcastle Z,Mo R,Hui CC,et al.The shh signalling pathway in tooth development:defects in Gli2 and Gli3 mutants[J].Development,1998,125(15):2803-2811.
[32]Tummers M,Thesleff I.Observations on continuously growing roots and K14-Eda transgenic mice[J].Evol Dev,2006,10(2):187-195.
[33]Cao H,Wang J,Li X,et al.Micro RNAs play a critical role in tooth development[J].J Dent Res,2010,89(8):779-784.
[34]Oommen S,Otsuka-Tanaka Y,Imam N,et al.Distinct roles of Micro RNAs in epithelium and mesenchyme during tooth development[J].Develop Dyn,2012,241(9):1465-1472.
[35]Dassule HR,Lewis P,Bei M,et al.Sonic hedgehog regulates growth and morphogenesis of the tooth[J].Development,2000,127(22):4775-4785.
[36]Park CY,Jeker LT,Carver-Moore K,et al.A resource for the conditional ablation of micro RNAs in the mouse[J].Cell Rep,2012,1(4):385-391.
[37]Park CY,Choi YS,Mcmanus MT.Analysis of micro RNA knockouts in mice[J].Hum Mol Genet,2010,19(2):R169-R175.
[38]Krützfeldt J,Rajewsky N,Braich R,et al.Silencing of micro RNAs in vivo with‘antagomirs’[J].Nature,2005,438(768):685-689.
[39]Sehic A,Risnes S,Khuu C,et al.Effects of in vivo transfection with anti-mi R-214 on gene expression in murine molar tooth germ[J].Physiol Genomics,2011,43(9):488-498.
[40]Plikus MV,Zeichner-David M,Mayer JA,et al.Morphoregulation of teeth:modulating the number,size,shape and differentiation by tuning Bmp activity[J].Evol Dev,2005,7(5):440-457.
[41]Mustonen T,Tummers M,Mikami T,et al.Lunatic fringe,FGF,and BMP regulate the notch pathway during epithelial morphogenesis of teeth[J].Dev Biol,2002,248(2):281-293.
[42]Shusterman K,Gibson CW,Li Y,et al.Wnt-Rho A signaling pathways in fl uoride-treated ameloblast-lineage cells[J].Cells Tissues Organs,2014,199(2/3):159-168.
[43]Harada H,Toyono T,Toyoshima K,et al.FGF10 maintains stem cell population during mouse incisor development[J].Connect Tissue Res,2002,43(2/3):201-204.
[44]Kettunen P,Laurikkala J,Itaranta P,et al.Associations of FGF-3 and FGF-10 with signaling networks regulating tooth morphogenesis[J].Develop Dyn,2000,219(3):322-332.
[45]Lacruz RS,Smith CE,Moffatt P,et al.Requirements for ion and solute transport,and p H regulation during enamel maturation[J].J Cell Physiol,2012,227(4):1776-1785.
[46]Andl T,Ahn K,Kairo A,et al.Epithelial Bmpr1a regulates differentiation and proliferation in postnatal hair follicles and is essential for tooth development[J].Development,2004,131(10):2257-2268.
[47]Matalova E,Antonarakis GS,Sharpe PT,et al.Cell lineage of primary and secondary enamel knots[J].Develop Dyn,2005,233(3):754-759.
[48]Gritli-Linde A,Bei M,Maas R,et al.Shh signaling within the dental epithelium is necessary for cell proliferation,growth and polarization[J].Development,2002,129(23):5323-5337.
[49]Kangas AT,Evans AR,Thesleff I,et al.Nonindependence of mammalian dental characters[J].Nature,2004,432(7014):211-214.
[50]Klein OD,Minowada G,Peterkova R,et al.Sprouty genes control diastema tooth development via bidirectional antagonism of epithelial-mesenchymal FGF signaling[J].Dev Cell,2006,11(2):181-190.