辣椒种植密度对其农艺性状及产量的影响
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摘要
以辣椒品种天椒12号、天椒14号为试材,观察了不同种植密度对辣椒生育期、农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明,当种植密度较小(80 000～116 000株/hm~2)时,种植密度对辣椒生育期与农艺性状影响不大;当种植密度较大(116 000～140 000株/hm~2)时,株高与果实畸形率随着种植密度的增大而显著增大,株幅、有效分枝数与单果重则随着种植密度的增大而显著减小。辣椒折合产量随着密度的增加先升高后降低,呈抛物线变化。天椒12号辣椒折合产量以密度为104 000株/hm~2时最高,为92 045.4 kg/hm~2;密度为116 000株/hm~2折合产量较高,为91 666.7 kg/hm~2。天椒14号辣椒折合产量以密度为116 000株/hm~2时最高,为86 931.8 kg/hm~2;密度为104 000株/hm~2折合产量较高,为85 984.8 kg/hm~2。综合考虑,建议在天水市辣椒生产上天椒12号种植密度以110 700株/hm~2左右为宜,天椒14号辣椒种植密度以112 100株/hm~2左右为宜。
Take Pepper Cultivars Tianjiao 12 and Tianjiao 14 as the material,the effects of different planting densities on growth period,agronomic traits and yield of pepper cultivars were observed. The results showed that when the planting density is small(80 000-116 000 plant/hm~2),planting density has little effect on the growth period and agronomic characteristics of pepper;When planting density is large(116 000-140 000 plant/hm~2),with the increase of planting density,plant height and commodity fruit deformity rate were increased significantly,the plant width,effective number of branches and single fruit weight were decreased significantly. With the increase of planting density yield of pepper showed a curve of first increase and later drop. The yield of Tianjiao12 was the highest when its density was 104 000 plants/hm~2,which was 92 045.4 kg/hm~2;the yield of Tianjiao12 was higher when its density was 11 600 plants/hm~2,which was 91 666.7 kg/hm~2. The yield of Tianjiao14 was the highest when its density was 11 600 plants/hm~2,which was 86 931.8 kg/hm~2. The yield of density 104 000 plants/hm~2 was higher,which was 85 984.8 kg/hm~2. Considering comprehensively,it is suggested that the planting density of Tianjiao12 in Tianshui should be about 110 700 plants/hm~2,and that of Tianjiao14 should be about 112 100 plants/hm~2.
Take Pepper Cultivars Tianjiao 12 and Tianjiao 14 as the material,the effects of different planting densities on growth period,agronomic traits and yield of pepper cultivars were observed. The results showed that when the planting density is small(80 000-116 000 plant/hm~2),planting density has little effect on the growth period and agronomic characteristics of pepper;When planting density is large(116 000-140 000 plant/hm~2),with the increase of planting density,plant height and commodity fruit deformity rate were increased significantly,the plant width,effective number of branches and single fruit weight were decreased significantly. With the increase of planting density yield of pepper showed a curve of first increase and later drop. The yield of Tianjiao12 was the highest when its density was 104 000 plants/hm~2,which was 92 045.4 kg/hm~2;the yield of Tianjiao12 was higher when its density was 11 600 plants/hm~2,which was 91 666.7 kg/hm~2. The yield of Tianjiao14 was the highest when its density was 11 600 plants/hm~2,which was 86 931.8 kg/hm~2. The yield of density 104 000 plants/hm~2 was higher,which was 85 984.8 kg/hm~2. Considering comprehensively,it is suggested that the planting density of Tianjiao12 in Tianshui should be about 110 700 plants/hm~2,and that of Tianjiao14 should be about 112 100 plants/hm~2.
引文
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[11]崔聪聪,王秀芝,曲宝茹,等.定植方式和穴距对露地辣椒农艺性状和产量的影响[J].北方农业学报,2018,46(2):99-102.
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[3]余文中,刘祟政,赖卫,等.播种密度对辣椒产量的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(8):67-68.
[4]唐瑞永,尹艳兰,梁更生,等.天水市辣椒生产现状及发展建议[J].安徽农业科学,2018(33):65-66.
[5]逯建平,霍建泰,唐瑞永,等.制干辣椒新品种天椒11号选育报告[J].甘肃农业科技,2018(4):8-10.
[6]李锡香,张宝玺.辣椒种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:28-45.
[7]金光辉,高幼华,刘喜才,等.种植密度对马铃薯农艺性状及产量的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2015,46(7):16-21.
[8]彭思云,罗燚,谢挺,等.不同种植密度对遵椒4号产量的影响[J].辣椒杂志,2016(1):39-42.
[9]曹毅,任吉君,李春梅,等.不同密度对红秋葵生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2008(3):34-35.
[10]王文君,程明霞,李明军.种植密度对脱毒怀地黄生长发育、产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(7):165-168.
[11]崔聪聪,王秀芝,曲宝茹,等.定植方式和穴距对露地辣椒农艺性状和产量的影响[J].北方农业学报,2018,46(2):99-102.
[12]李雨阳.白银市沿黄灌区胡麻适宜种植密度试验[J].甘肃农业科技,2015(11):39-40.