不同灭菌条件对草菇生长及出菇的影响
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摘要
[目的]研究不同灭菌条件对草菇生长及出菇的影响,以期指导草菇熟料工厂化栽培。[方法]研究不同灭菌条件下菌袋污染数量、满袋时间、现蕾时间、菇蕾密度和出菇产量。[结果]仅100℃灭菌1.0 h和121℃灭菌0.5 h 2个条件出现部分污染。与对照相比,不同条件的满袋时间相差较小,集中在7～8 d长满菌袋或菌床;现蕾时间差别较大,对照仅需3 d即可现蕾,14组灭菌条件需要7～10 d,比对照至少延长4 d。不同灭菌条件处理与对照配方相比,产量差别较大。灭菌处理方式产量基本集中在第二潮,第一潮产量较少。100℃灭菌5.0 h的处理产量显著高于其他条件,两潮总产量几乎是对照的2倍。不同处理条件菇蕾密度差别较大,密度与产量间无相关性。[结论]该研究为草菇熟料工厂化栽培奠定基础。
[Objective] To study the effects of different sterilization conditions on the growth and fruiting of straw mushroom,in order to guide the industrial cultivation of straw mushroom. [Method] The quantity of bag contamination, full bag time, budding time, bud density and fruiting yield under different sterilization conditions was studied.[Result]Only two conditions of 100 ℃ sterilization 1.0 h and 121 ℃ sterilization 0.5 h appeared partial contamination. Compared with the control group, the difference of full bag time under different conditions was smaller, and the bags or beds were full of bacteria on the 7 th to 8 th day. There was a significant difference in budding time. The control only needed 3 days to bud, and the sterilization condition of the 14 groups required 7-10 days, which was at least 4 days longer than the control group. Compared with the control, the yield of different sterilization conditions was different. The yield of the sterilization treatment was mainly concentrated in the second wave, and the first wave produced less. 100 ℃ sterilization for 5.0 h was obviously higher than that of other conditions, the total production of the two tides was almost double that of the control formula. The density of mushroom buds varied greatly under different treatment conditions,and there was no correlation between density and yield.[Conclusion]The study lay a foundation for the industrial cultivation of straw mushroom.
[Objective] To study the effects of different sterilization conditions on the growth and fruiting of straw mushroom,in order to guide the industrial cultivation of straw mushroom. [Method] The quantity of bag contamination, full bag time, budding time, bud density and fruiting yield under different sterilization conditions was studied.[Result]Only two conditions of 100 ℃ sterilization 1.0 h and 121 ℃ sterilization 0.5 h appeared partial contamination. Compared with the control group, the difference of full bag time under different conditions was smaller, and the bags or beds were full of bacteria on the 7 th to 8 th day. There was a significant difference in budding time. The control only needed 3 days to bud, and the sterilization condition of the 14 groups required 7-10 days, which was at least 4 days longer than the control group. Compared with the control, the yield of different sterilization conditions was different. The yield of the sterilization treatment was mainly concentrated in the second wave, and the first wave produced less. 100 ℃ sterilization for 5.0 h was obviously higher than that of other conditions, the total production of the two tides was almost double that of the control formula. The density of mushroom buds varied greatly under different treatment conditions,and there was no correlation between density and yield.[Conclusion]The study lay a foundation for the industrial cultivation of straw mushroom.
引文
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[2] 胡永光,李萍萍,袁俊杰.食用菌工厂化生产模式探讨[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(9):2606-2607,2669.
[3] 羿红,谢福泉,郑峻,等.草菇周年栽培关键技术研究——草菇稻草熟料周年栽培菌株筛选[J].食用菌学报,2007,14(1):10-18.
[4] 李正鹏,余昌霞,李巧珍,等.草菇工厂化栽培原材料研究进展[J].农业工程技术,2017,37(19): 67-70.
[5] 龚明,鲍大鹏,汪虹,等.草菇的系统分类地位及分化时间[J].食用菌学报,2013,20(2):8-11.
[6] 吴圣进,王灿琴,王茜,等.木薯渣熟料袋栽草菇配方试验[J].食用菌,2014(3):32-33.
[7]马海霞,屈直,侯立娟,等. 甘蔗渣熟料袋栽草菇组合配方的研究[J].热带农业科学,2016,36(3): 58-61,66.
[8] 付瑞洲,杨永彬,郑峻,等.草菇周年栽培关键技术研究 II:用正交试验法优化稻草熟料周年栽培配方[J].福建热作科技,2006,31(3):6-8.
[9] 黄毅.食用菌栽培[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:64-82.