SCR脱硝不均匀反应宏观模型研究
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摘要
基于催化剂性能表征,对催化剂单体潜能、叠加潜能以及串联潜能之间的内在规律进行研究,提出了SCR脱硝不均匀反应宏观模型,并利用实测数据进行了模型验证。研究结果显示:(1)NH_3/NO摩尔比分布和催化剂局部劣化对脱硝性能的影响显著,超低排放设计对应的烟气参数分布偏差会降低催化剂性能8%～10%;(2)喷氨格栅上游的烟气速度、NO_x浓度以及氨气流量分配决定了催化剂入口的NH_3/NO摩尔比分布,增设大尺度静态混合器和定期调整喷氨分配,能够从设计和运行角度提高脱硝反应均匀性。
Based on the characteristics of the catalyst performance, the inherent relationship between the element potential,superposed potential and serial potential, was studied and the macro model of non-uniform catalytic De-NO_xreaction was presented and verified by measurement data. The study results indicated significant impacts of NH_3/NO mole ratio and part catalyst deactivation on the SCR performance, which would be reduced by about 8%-10% due to flue gas distribution deviation corresponding to the ultra-low NO_xemission design. In addition, the NH_3/NO mole ratio at catalyst inlet was determined by the distribution of the upstream velocity, NO_xconcentration and ammonia flow at the ammonia injection grid cross-section. The largescale mixer and the periodical tuning for ammonia injection would be helpful to improve the uniformity of De-NO_x reaction and reduce the partial ammonia slip peak value in the aspects of both design and operations.
Based on the characteristics of the catalyst performance, the inherent relationship between the element potential,superposed potential and serial potential, was studied and the macro model of non-uniform catalytic De-NO_xreaction was presented and verified by measurement data. The study results indicated significant impacts of NH_3/NO mole ratio and part catalyst deactivation on the SCR performance, which would be reduced by about 8%-10% due to flue gas distribution deviation corresponding to the ultra-low NO_xemission design. In addition, the NH_3/NO mole ratio at catalyst inlet was determined by the distribution of the upstream velocity, NO_xconcentration and ammonia flow at the ammonia injection grid cross-section. The largescale mixer and the periodical tuning for ammonia injection would be helpful to improve the uniformity of De-NO_x reaction and reduce the partial ammonia slip peak value in the aspects of both design and operations.
引文
[1]王乐乐,周健,姚友工,等.烟气脱硝SCR氨喷射系统调整效果评估[J].中国电力,2015, 48(4):16-22.WANG Lele, ZHOU Jian, YAO Yougong, et al. Evaluation on effects of SCR ammonia injection system modification for flue gas denitrification[J]. Electric Power, 2015, 48(4):16-22.
[2]刘国富,沈德魁,肖睿.基于流场诊断的燃煤电站SCR系统喷氨优化及试验验证[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 47(1):98-106.LIU Guofu, SHEN Dekui, XIAO Rui. Optimization and experimental verification of AIG tuning for SCR system of coal-fired power station based on diagnose of flow field[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition), 2017, 47(1):98-106.
[3] BUSCA G, LIETTI L, RAMISA G, et al. Chemical and mechanistic aspects of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia over oxide catalysts:A review[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,1998, 18(1/2):1-36.
[4] KOEBEL M, ELSENER M. Selective catalytic reduction of NO over commercial deNOx catalysts:Experimental determination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,1998, 53(4):657-669.
[5] SCHAUB G, UNRUB D, WANG J, et al. Kinetic analysis of selective catalytic NOx reduction(SCR)in a catalytic filter[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification, 2003,42(5):365-371.
[6] DUMESIC J A, TOPSE N Y, TOPSE H, et al. Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia over vanadia/titania[J]. Journal of catalysis, 1996, 163(2):409-417.
[7]邹阳军,李乾坤,刘沛奇,等.SCR脱硝反应器人口烟气条件对反应器性能的影响[J].能源工程,2018, 2(2):38-42, 59.ZOU Yangjun, LI Qiankun, LIU Peiqi, et al. Influence of inlet flue gas parameters on SCR reactor performance[J]. Energy Engineering,2018, 2(2):38-42, 59.
[8]周英贵,金保昇.基于非均匀人口条件的SCR氨喷射方法[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016, 44(4):121-126.ZHOU Yinggui, JIN Baosheng. Ammonia injection method for SCR based on non-uniform inlet condition[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2016, 44(4):121-126.
[9]李晗天,宋蔷,姚强.SCR反应器人口速度氨分布不均匀性对脱硝性能的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2017, 37(9):2600-2606.LI Hantian, SONG Qiang, YAO Qiang. Influence of non-uniform distributions of inlet velocity and reductant on SCR deNOx performance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(9):2600-2606.
[10] PRITCHARD S. Long-term catalyst health care[J]. Power, 2006,150(1):1-5.
[11] CICHANOWICZ J, MUZIO L, GLEISER R, et al. Operation and maintenance guidelines for selective catalytic reduction systems[R].Palo Alto:EPRI, 2003.
[12] CICHANOWICZ J, MUZIO L. Annual operation of selective catalytic reduction system[R]. Palo Alto:EPRI, 2007.
[13] BROSKE D. Catalyst management planning[R]. Palo Alto:EPRI,2010.
[14]宋玉宝,杨杰,金理鹏,等.SCR脱硝催化剂宏观性能评估和寿命预测方法研究[J].中国电力,2016, 49(4):17-22.SONG Yubao, YANG Jie, JIN Lipeng, et al. Study on methodology of SCR catalyst macro-performance evaluation and lifetime prediction[J]. Electric Power, 2016, 49(4):17-22.
[15]刘武标.SCR烟气脱硝效率及催化剂活性的影响因素分析[J].能源工程,2012(3):47-50, 58.LIU Wubiao. Analysis on the influence factors of denitrification efficiency and catalyst activity about flue gas selective catalyticreduction denitrification[J]. Energy Engineering, 2012(3):47-50, 58.
[16] SHORE D, SCHATDIN J. Impacts of inter-layer mixing on selective catalytic reduction system performance[R]. Palo Alto:EPRI, 2004.
[17] CHOI H S, KIM S J, KIM K T. Enhancement of turbulent scalar mixing and its application by a multihole nozzle in selective catalytic reduction of NOx[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2008, 10(1):1-6.
[18]韩发年,闫志勇.SCR烟气脱硝工艺喷氨混合装置研究进展[J].化工进展,2015, 34(12):4151-4157.HAN Fanian, YAN Zhiyong. Advances in ammoria inhection and mixing device of SCR-DeNox syatem[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(12):4151-4157.
[19] SCHREIFELS J J, WANG Shuxiao, HAO Jiming. Design and operational considerations for selective catalytic reduction technologies at coal-fired boilers[J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2012, 6(1):98-105.
[20] BUZANOWSKI MARK A. Optimized ammonia injection for power plant SCR system[C]//Proceedings of ASME 2007 Power Conference. San Antonio:2007.
[2]刘国富,沈德魁,肖睿.基于流场诊断的燃煤电站SCR系统喷氨优化及试验验证[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 47(1):98-106.LIU Guofu, SHEN Dekui, XIAO Rui. Optimization and experimental verification of AIG tuning for SCR system of coal-fired power station based on diagnose of flow field[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition), 2017, 47(1):98-106.
[3] BUSCA G, LIETTI L, RAMISA G, et al. Chemical and mechanistic aspects of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia over oxide catalysts:A review[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,1998, 18(1/2):1-36.
[4] KOEBEL M, ELSENER M. Selective catalytic reduction of NO over commercial deNOx catalysts:Experimental determination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,1998, 53(4):657-669.
[5] SCHAUB G, UNRUB D, WANG J, et al. Kinetic analysis of selective catalytic NOx reduction(SCR)in a catalytic filter[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification, 2003,42(5):365-371.
[6] DUMESIC J A, TOPSE N Y, TOPSE H, et al. Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia over vanadia/titania[J]. Journal of catalysis, 1996, 163(2):409-417.
[7]邹阳军,李乾坤,刘沛奇,等.SCR脱硝反应器人口烟气条件对反应器性能的影响[J].能源工程,2018, 2(2):38-42, 59.ZOU Yangjun, LI Qiankun, LIU Peiqi, et al. Influence of inlet flue gas parameters on SCR reactor performance[J]. Energy Engineering,2018, 2(2):38-42, 59.
[8]周英贵,金保昇.基于非均匀人口条件的SCR氨喷射方法[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016, 44(4):121-126.ZHOU Yinggui, JIN Baosheng. Ammonia injection method for SCR based on non-uniform inlet condition[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2016, 44(4):121-126.
[9]李晗天,宋蔷,姚强.SCR反应器人口速度氨分布不均匀性对脱硝性能的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2017, 37(9):2600-2606.LI Hantian, SONG Qiang, YAO Qiang. Influence of non-uniform distributions of inlet velocity and reductant on SCR deNOx performance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(9):2600-2606.
[10] PRITCHARD S. Long-term catalyst health care[J]. Power, 2006,150(1):1-5.
[11] CICHANOWICZ J, MUZIO L, GLEISER R, et al. Operation and maintenance guidelines for selective catalytic reduction systems[R].Palo Alto:EPRI, 2003.
[12] CICHANOWICZ J, MUZIO L. Annual operation of selective catalytic reduction system[R]. Palo Alto:EPRI, 2007.
[13] BROSKE D. Catalyst management planning[R]. Palo Alto:EPRI,2010.
[14]宋玉宝,杨杰,金理鹏,等.SCR脱硝催化剂宏观性能评估和寿命预测方法研究[J].中国电力,2016, 49(4):17-22.SONG Yubao, YANG Jie, JIN Lipeng, et al. Study on methodology of SCR catalyst macro-performance evaluation and lifetime prediction[J]. Electric Power, 2016, 49(4):17-22.
[15]刘武标.SCR烟气脱硝效率及催化剂活性的影响因素分析[J].能源工程,2012(3):47-50, 58.LIU Wubiao. Analysis on the influence factors of denitrification efficiency and catalyst activity about flue gas selective catalyticreduction denitrification[J]. Energy Engineering, 2012(3):47-50, 58.
[16] SHORE D, SCHATDIN J. Impacts of inter-layer mixing on selective catalytic reduction system performance[R]. Palo Alto:EPRI, 2004.
[17] CHOI H S, KIM S J, KIM K T. Enhancement of turbulent scalar mixing and its application by a multihole nozzle in selective catalytic reduction of NOx[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2008, 10(1):1-6.
[18]韩发年,闫志勇.SCR烟气脱硝工艺喷氨混合装置研究进展[J].化工进展,2015, 34(12):4151-4157.HAN Fanian, YAN Zhiyong. Advances in ammoria inhection and mixing device of SCR-DeNox syatem[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(12):4151-4157.
[19] SCHREIFELS J J, WANG Shuxiao, HAO Jiming. Design and operational considerations for selective catalytic reduction technologies at coal-fired boilers[J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2012, 6(1):98-105.
[20] BUZANOWSKI MARK A. Optimized ammonia injection for power plant SCR system[C]//Proceedings of ASME 2007 Power Conference. San Antonio:2007.