某运载器作动器密封设计及实验验证
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摘要
针对某运载器作动器恶劣的工作环境和可靠性要求高的特点,对影响其密封性能的各主要参数进行了设计。采用O形金属橡胶密封圈作为密封件,并且密封圈表面包覆层采用填充石墨的聚四氟乙烯材料,该材料具有良好的润滑性,解决了普通润滑脂高温下易变性易分解的问题。给出了密封圈最大压缩率和最小压缩率的计算方法,提出了一种密封圈规格选取的经验算法。设计了一种非标的梯形密封槽结构并给出了槽深和槽宽计算方法,对密封槽表面粗糙度及筒体和活塞杆之间的配合间隙给出了参考值。最后进行了作动器密封性能验证实验,实验结果表明作动器密封性能良好。
Aimed at harsh work environment and high reliability of carrier actuator, it's necessary to design main parameters affecting sealing performance. We adopt an O shape metal rubber ring as the sealing element, and its shell contains graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene with good lubricity at high temperature. It gives calculation methods that can calculate maximum and minimum compression rates of O-ring, and also proposes an empirical way for choosing O-ring specification. We design a non-standard trapezoidal seal groove structure, and it provides calculation methods of groove depth and width. Besides, it gives a reference value for surface roughness of seal groove and fit clearance between cylinder and piston rod. Finally, we carry out an experiment, and its result shows that the actuator has good sealing performance.
Aimed at harsh work environment and high reliability of carrier actuator, it's necessary to design main parameters affecting sealing performance. We adopt an O shape metal rubber ring as the sealing element, and its shell contains graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene with good lubricity at high temperature. It gives calculation methods that can calculate maximum and minimum compression rates of O-ring, and also proposes an empirical way for choosing O-ring specification. We design a non-standard trapezoidal seal groove structure, and it provides calculation methods of groove depth and width. Besides, it gives a reference value for surface roughness of seal groove and fit clearance between cylinder and piston rod. Finally, we carry out an experiment, and its result shows that the actuator has good sealing performance.
引文
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[15] 莫丽,王军.O形圈动密封特性的有限元分析[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(3):386-392.MO Li,WANG Jun.Finite Element Analysis of the Dynamic Sealing Characteristics for O-ring [J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2015,34(3):386-392.
[16] 张婧,金圭.O形密封圈接触压力的有限元分析[J].润滑与密封,2010,35(2):80-83.ZHANG Jing,JIN Gui.Finite Element Analysis of Contact Pressure on O-ring [J].Lubrication Engineering,2010,35(2):80-83.
[17] 武凯日,沈超.适应振动工况的气体连接器密封结构设计与试验[J].液压与气动,2016,(11):109-113.WU Kairi,SHEN Chao.Gas Connector Seal Structure's Design and Test for Vibration Environment [J].Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2016,(11):109-113.
[18] 周旭,殷参,赵健,等.水压往复柱塞泵新型密封结构设计与分析[J].液压与气动,2017,(5):56-61.ZHOU Xu,YIN Shen,ZHAO Jian,et al.New Type Sealing Structure Design for Hydraulic Reciprocating Plunger Pump [J].Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2017,(5):56- 61.
[19] 陈家照,黄闽翔,王学仁.固体火箭发动机长期贮存下橡胶O形圈泄漏分析[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(2):76-80.CHEN Jiazhao,HUANG Minxiang,WANG Xueren.Leakage Analysis on Rubber O-ring of Solid Rocket Motor Under Long-term Storage [J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(2):76- 80.
[20] 郭海丰,张萱芮,李巍,等.基于ABAQUS的O形密封圈自力式密封方式的研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2016,32(5):904-913.GUO Haifeng,ZHANG Xuanrui,LI Wei,et al.Research and Analysis of Self-operated Sealing of O-ring Based on ABAQUS [J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science Edition),2016,32(5):904-913.
[2] 刘宁,陈松,郝振辉,等.航天项目研制过程中成本控制方法探索[J].军民两用技术与产品,2017,(5):49-52.LIU Ning,CHEN Song,HAO Zhenhui,et al.Exploration of Cost Control Methods in the Process of Aerospace Project Development [J].Dual Use Technologies & Products,2017,(5):49-52.
[3] 郑雄,杨勇,姚世东,等.法尔肯9可重复使用火箭发展综述[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2016,(2):39-46.ZHENG Xiong,YANG Yong,YAO Shidong,et al.Survey and Review on Development of Falcon 9 Reusable Rocket [J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,2016,(2):39-46.
[4] 鲁宇,汪小卫,高朝辉,等.重复使用运载火箭技术进展与展望[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2017,(5):1-7.LU Yu,WANG Xiaowei,GAO Zhaohui,et al.Progress and Prospect of Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology [J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,2017,(5):1-7.
[5] 龙雪丹,刘畅,文朝霞,等.2016年国外航天运载器及弹道导弹发展回顾[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2017,(1):5-9.LONG Xuedan,LIU Chang,WEN Zhaoxia,et al.Review of World Launch Vehicle and Ballistic Missile in 2016 [J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,2017,(1):5-9.
[6] 汪小卫,张普卓,吴胜宝,等.运载火箭子级回收技术研究[J].航天返回与遥感,2016,37(3):19-28.WANG Xiaowei,ZHANG Puzhuo,WU Shengbao,et al.Recovery Technology of Launch Vehicle Stage [J].Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing,2016,37(3):19-28.
[7] 完颜振海,梁磊,孟超,等.运载火箭飞行力学环境虚拟试验及可视化系统设计与实现[J].计算机测量与控制,2017,25(11):291-294.WANYAN Zhenhai,LIANG Lei,MENG Chao,et al.Design and Implementation of Virtual Test and Visualization System for Launch Vehicles Flight Mechanical Environments [J].Computer Measurement & Control,2017,25(11):291-294.
[8] 莫丽,王军,管西旗.石油机械中O形密封圈的动密封特性分析[J].石油机械,2014,42(1):103-107.MO Li,WANG Jun,GUAN Xiqi.Analysis of Dynamic Sealing Characteristics of O-ring in Petroleum Machinery [J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(1):103-107.
[9] 杜晓琼,陈国海,闫晓亮,等.考虑安装过程的O形密封圈有限元分析模型[J].液压与气动,2017,(10):27-33.DU Xiaoqiong,CHEN Guohai,YAN Xiaoliang,et al.Finite Element Analysis Model of O-ring Considering Installation Process [J].Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2017,(10):27-33.
[10] 刘鹏,宋文杰,蒋庆林,等.深海高压环境下O形密封圈的密封性能研究[J].液压与气动,2017,(4):66-70.LIU Peng,SONG Wenjie,JIANG Qinglin,et al.Sealing Performance of O-ring in Deep Sea High Pressure Environment [J].Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2017,(4):66-70.
[11] 张保岗.丁腈橡胶微观结构与性能及高性能丁腈磁性橡胶的制备研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2013.ZHANG Baogang.Microstructure and Properties of Nitrile Rubber and Preparation of High Performance Nitrile Magnetic Rubber [D].Qingdao:Qingdao University of Science and Technology,2013.
[12] 胡新嵩,胡继文,罗科丽,等.氟橡胶概述[J].广东化工,2014,41(4):49-50.HU Xinsong,HU Jiwen,LUO Keli,et al.Review of Fluororubber [J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2014,41(4):49-50.
[13] 王晓玲,姬爽,廖志中,等.硅橡胶材料及其应用[J].山东农机,2002,(3):16-16.WANG Xiaoling,JI Shuang,LIAO Zhizhong,et al.Silicone Rubber Material and Its Application [J].Shandong Agricultural Machinery,2002,(3):16-16.
[14] 赵宏宇.O形金属橡胶密封件性能分析及应用研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.ZHAO Hongyu.Study on Hermetical Performance and Application of O-type Metal Rubber Component [D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2008.
[15] 莫丽,王军.O形圈动密封特性的有限元分析[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(3):386-392.MO Li,WANG Jun.Finite Element Analysis of the Dynamic Sealing Characteristics for O-ring [J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2015,34(3):386-392.
[16] 张婧,金圭.O形密封圈接触压力的有限元分析[J].润滑与密封,2010,35(2):80-83.ZHANG Jing,JIN Gui.Finite Element Analysis of Contact Pressure on O-ring [J].Lubrication Engineering,2010,35(2):80-83.
[17] 武凯日,沈超.适应振动工况的气体连接器密封结构设计与试验[J].液压与气动,2016,(11):109-113.WU Kairi,SHEN Chao.Gas Connector Seal Structure's Design and Test for Vibration Environment [J].Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2016,(11):109-113.
[18] 周旭,殷参,赵健,等.水压往复柱塞泵新型密封结构设计与分析[J].液压与气动,2017,(5):56-61.ZHOU Xu,YIN Shen,ZHAO Jian,et al.New Type Sealing Structure Design for Hydraulic Reciprocating Plunger Pump [J].Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2017,(5):56- 61.
[19] 陈家照,黄闽翔,王学仁.固体火箭发动机长期贮存下橡胶O形圈泄漏分析[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(2):76-80.CHEN Jiazhao,HUANG Minxiang,WANG Xueren.Leakage Analysis on Rubber O-ring of Solid Rocket Motor Under Long-term Storage [J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(2):76- 80.
[20] 郭海丰,张萱芮,李巍,等.基于ABAQUS的O形密封圈自力式密封方式的研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2016,32(5):904-913.GUO Haifeng,ZHANG Xuanrui,LI Wei,et al.Research and Analysis of Self-operated Sealing of O-ring Based on ABAQUS [J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science Edition),2016,32(5):904-913.