伽利略星载被动型氢原子钟性能评估
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摘要
伽利略卫星导航系统(GNSS)提供高精度的定位导航授时服务已经一年有余,很有必要对这个阶段的星载钟性能进行评估,相关方法能够为我国北斗三代星载氢原子钟的评估提供参考。基于此目的,从多个角度分析了伽利略卫星导航系统正式运行期间所有可用星载氢原子钟的性能。表明哈德玛方差为适用于星载氢原子钟的时域频率稳定度统计方法;将采样间隔为5 min的钟差序列重采样为低频序列时,对于星载钟稳定度几乎没有影响;缺失数据天数越多,对星载钟稳定度影响越大,还表明星载钟的噪声类型和星载钟稳定度关系密切。
The high precision position&navigation&timing service has been offered by Galileo navigation satellite system for more than one year, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of on-board clock during this period. The related evaluation method can be used as the reference for the BDS-3 on-board hydrogen maser. The performance on the on-board Hydrogen clock is analyzed since the official service starts. It shows that Hadamard variance is the optimal statistics. Moreover, resampling the clock difference to low-frequency clock difference has no influence on the stability. The more days of missing data, the greater the impact on the stability of the on-board clock. It is also verified that the noise type of on-board clock closely relatedto the stability of on-board clock.
The high precision position&navigation&timing service has been offered by Galileo navigation satellite system for more than one year, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of on-board clock during this period. The related evaluation method can be used as the reference for the BDS-3 on-board hydrogen maser. The performance on the on-board Hydrogen clock is analyzed since the official service starts. It shows that Hadamard variance is the optimal statistics. Moreover, resampling the clock difference to low-frequency clock difference has no influence on the stability. The more days of missing data, the greater the impact on the stability of the on-board clock. It is also verified that the noise type of on-board clock closely relatedto the stability of on-board clock.
引文
[1] WU Z Q, ZHOU S S, HU X G, et al. Performance of the BDS3 experimental satellite passive hydrogen maser[J]. GPS Solutions, 2018,22(2):22-43.
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[4] 毛悦,陈建鹏,戴维,等. 星载原子钟稳定性影响分析[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2011, 36(10): 1182-1186. MAO Y, CHEN J P,DAI W, et al. Analysis of on-board atomic clock stability influences[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2011, 36(10):1182-1186.
[5] 郭海荣,杨元喜. 导航卫星原子钟时域频率稳定性影响因素分析[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2009, 34(2):218-221.GUO H R, YUANG Y X. Stability for atomic clocks of navigation satellites[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2009, 34(2): 218-221.
[6] 张敏, 董绍武, 张正. 国产氢原子钟稳定度的测量与统计分析[C]. 全国测控、计量、仪器仪表学术年会,2007:47-50.ZHANG M, DONG SH W, ZHANG ZH. Measurement and statistical analysis of the stability of homemade atomic hydrogen maser[C]. National Academic Conference on Measurement and Metrology Instruments,2007: 47-50.
[7] 陈瑞琼, 刘娅, 李孝辉. 基于卫星共视的远程时间频率校准系统[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2016, 30(1): 38-44.CHEN R Q, LIU Y, LI X H. The calibration system of remote time and frequency based satellite common-view[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrumentation,2016, 30(1): 38-44.
[8] 漆贯荣. 时间科学基础[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,2006: 97-113.QI G R. Fundamentals of time science[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press,2006: 97-113.
[9] 宋会杰, 董绍武, 屈俐俐, 等. 基于Sage窗的自适应Kalman滤波用于钟差预报研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017, 38(7):1809-1816.SONG H J, DONG SH W, QU L L, et al. Research on clock difference prediction using adaptive Kalman filter based on Sage window[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38 (7):1809-1816.
[10] 张继海, 武文俊, 广 伟, 等. 基于北斗共视的国际时间比对研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2018,39(6):96-103.ZHANG J H, WU W J, GUANG W et al. Study of international common view time comparison by BeiDou[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2018, 39(6):96-103.
[11] 陈婧亚, 许龙霞, 李孝辉. 接收机位置误差对GNSS定时的影响分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017, 38(6):1458-1465.CHEN J Y, XU L X, LI X H. Analysis of receiver position error impact in GNSS timing[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38(6):1458-1465.
[12] 张继海,广伟,袁海波,等. 北斗测距信号评估与精密单点定位应用研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017,38(11): 2707-2714.ZHANG J H, GUANG W, YUAN H B, et al. Study on range signal evaluation and precise point positioning application of Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS)[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38(11): 2707-2714.
[13] 张鹏飞, 涂锐, 高玉平, 等. 基于北斗的时间传递方法及其精度分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017,38(11):2700-2706.ZHANG P F, TU R, GAO Y P, et al. Beidou time transfer method and its accuracy analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017, 38(11): 2700-2706.
[14] 许龙霞, 陈婧亚, 李丹丹. 一种卫星双向时频传递设备时延差的标定方法[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2016, 37(9):2084-2090.XU L X, CHENG J Y, LI D D. Calibration method of delay difference of TWSTFT equipment [J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2016, 37(9):2084-2090.
[15] 李丹丹, 许龙霞, 李博, 等. 空间信号误差对北斗单向时的影响[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2017, 31(10): 1673-1678.LI D D, XU L X, LI B, et al. Impact of signal-in-space error on Beidou one-way timing[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement of Instrumentation,2017, 31(10): 1673-1678.
[2] 刘帅, 贾小林, 孙大伟. GNSS星载原子钟性能评估[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2017, 42(2): 277-282.LIU SH, JIA X L, SUN D W. Performance evaluation of GNSS on-board atomic clock[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2017, 42(2): 277-282.
[3] 王宁, 王宇谱,李林阳,等. BDS星载原子钟频率稳定性分析[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2017, 42(9): 1256-1263.WANG N, WANG Y P, LI L Y, et al. Stability analysis of the space-borne atomic clock frequency for BDS[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University. 2017, 42(9): 1256-1263.
[4] 毛悦,陈建鹏,戴维,等. 星载原子钟稳定性影响分析[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2011, 36(10): 1182-1186. MAO Y, CHEN J P,DAI W, et al. Analysis of on-board atomic clock stability influences[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2011, 36(10):1182-1186.
[5] 郭海荣,杨元喜. 导航卫星原子钟时域频率稳定性影响因素分析[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2009, 34(2):218-221.GUO H R, YUANG Y X. Stability for atomic clocks of navigation satellites[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2009, 34(2): 218-221.
[6] 张敏, 董绍武, 张正. 国产氢原子钟稳定度的测量与统计分析[C]. 全国测控、计量、仪器仪表学术年会,2007:47-50.ZHANG M, DONG SH W, ZHANG ZH. Measurement and statistical analysis of the stability of homemade atomic hydrogen maser[C]. National Academic Conference on Measurement and Metrology Instruments,2007: 47-50.
[7] 陈瑞琼, 刘娅, 李孝辉. 基于卫星共视的远程时间频率校准系统[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2016, 30(1): 38-44.CHEN R Q, LIU Y, LI X H. The calibration system of remote time and frequency based satellite common-view[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrumentation,2016, 30(1): 38-44.
[8] 漆贯荣. 时间科学基础[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,2006: 97-113.QI G R. Fundamentals of time science[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press,2006: 97-113.
[9] 宋会杰, 董绍武, 屈俐俐, 等. 基于Sage窗的自适应Kalman滤波用于钟差预报研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017, 38(7):1809-1816.SONG H J, DONG SH W, QU L L, et al. Research on clock difference prediction using adaptive Kalman filter based on Sage window[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38 (7):1809-1816.
[10] 张继海, 武文俊, 广 伟, 等. 基于北斗共视的国际时间比对研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2018,39(6):96-103.ZHANG J H, WU W J, GUANG W et al. Study of international common view time comparison by BeiDou[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2018, 39(6):96-103.
[11] 陈婧亚, 许龙霞, 李孝辉. 接收机位置误差对GNSS定时的影响分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017, 38(6):1458-1465.CHEN J Y, XU L X, LI X H. Analysis of receiver position error impact in GNSS timing[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38(6):1458-1465.
[12] 张继海,广伟,袁海波,等. 北斗测距信号评估与精密单点定位应用研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017,38(11): 2707-2714.ZHANG J H, GUANG W, YUAN H B, et al. Study on range signal evaluation and precise point positioning application of Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS)[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38(11): 2707-2714.
[13] 张鹏飞, 涂锐, 高玉平, 等. 基于北斗的时间传递方法及其精度分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2017,38(11):2700-2706.ZHANG P F, TU R, GAO Y P, et al. Beidou time transfer method and its accuracy analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017, 38(11): 2700-2706.
[14] 许龙霞, 陈婧亚, 李丹丹. 一种卫星双向时频传递设备时延差的标定方法[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2016, 37(9):2084-2090.XU L X, CHENG J Y, LI D D. Calibration method of delay difference of TWSTFT equipment [J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2016, 37(9):2084-2090.
[15] 李丹丹, 许龙霞, 李博, 等. 空间信号误差对北斗单向时的影响[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2017, 31(10): 1673-1678.LI D D, XU L X, LI B, et al. Impact of signal-in-space error on Beidou one-way timing[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement of Instrumentation,2017, 31(10): 1673-1678.