言论自由及其边界的政治哲学反思
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摘要
言论自由能够促成知识与真理形成和分享以开启民智,能够规范和约束政治权力以确保民主健全,能够促成和完善互信体系以降低社会运行成本,能够培育和养成正直健全的公民人格以达成积极自我实现。在肯定言论自由的价值与意义的同时,还必须要考虑言论自由的边界与限度。强调言论自由并非意味着国家和政府的退场与缺席,言论自由意味着言论主体自身具有理性负责态度和能力。要把言论自由放大到自我与他者和谐交往所构成的生活共同体中来看待,将自身生活于其中的生活共同体视为自身言论表达的背景和处境,由此通达去暴力的现代话语政治。
Freedom of speech can facilitate the formation and sharing of knowledge and truth to open up the wisdom of the people,regulate and restrain political power to ensure the sound democracy,promote and improve the system of mutual trust to reduce the cost of social operation,and cultivate and develop integrity and sound civic personality to achieve positive self-realization.While affirming the value and significance of it,we must also consider the boundaries and limits of freedom of speech.Emphasizing freedom of speech does not mean the withdrawal or absence of the state and the government,but means that the subject of speech has a rational and responsible attitude and ability.We should magnify freedom of speech to the life community formed by harmonious interaction between self and others,and regard the life community we live in as the background and situation of our own speech expression,so as to reach the modern discourse politics without violence.
Freedom of speech can facilitate the formation and sharing of knowledge and truth to open up the wisdom of the people,regulate and restrain political power to ensure the sound democracy,promote and improve the system of mutual trust to reduce the cost of social operation,and cultivate and develop integrity and sound civic personality to achieve positive self-realization.While affirming the value and significance of it,we must also consider the boundaries and limits of freedom of speech.Emphasizing freedom of speech does not mean the withdrawal or absence of the state and the government,but means that the subject of speech has a rational and responsible attitude and ability.We should magnify freedom of speech to the life community formed by harmonious interaction between self and others,and regard the life community we live in as the background and situation of our own speech expression,so as to reach the modern discourse politics without violence.
引文
[1]徐贲.通往尊严的公共生活[M].北京:新星出版社,2009:196.
[2]约翰·密尔.论自由[M].许宝骙,译.北京:商务印书馆,1959:19-20.
[3]侯健.言论自由及其限度[J].北大法律评论,2000(2).
[4]科恩.论民主[M].聂崇信,朱秀贤,译.北京:商务印书馆,1988.
[5]黎珍.正义与和谐——政治哲学视野中的社会资本[M].北京:人民出版社,2008:99.
[6]安东尼·刘易斯.言论自由的边界:美国宪法第一修正案[M].徐爽,译.北京:法律出版社,2016:179.
[7]欧文·M.费斯.言论自由的反讽[M].刘擎,等译.北京:新星出版社,2005:14.
[8]任剑涛.政治哲学讲演录[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2008:246.
[9]玛丽·安·格伦顿.权利话语——穷途末路的政治言辞[M].周威,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2006:226.
[10]理查德·E.帕尔默.诠释学[M].潘德荣,译.北京:商务印书馆,2012.
[11]洪涛.逻各斯与空间——古代希腊政治哲学研究[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1997:299.
[12]查尔斯·泰勒.自我的根源:现代认同的形成[M].韩震,等译.南京:江苏人民出版社,2001:324.
[13]安德鲁·海伍德.政治学的思维方式[M].张立鹏,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2014:13.
[2]约翰·密尔.论自由[M].许宝骙,译.北京:商务印书馆,1959:19-20.
[3]侯健.言论自由及其限度[J].北大法律评论,2000(2).
[4]科恩.论民主[M].聂崇信,朱秀贤,译.北京:商务印书馆,1988.
[5]黎珍.正义与和谐——政治哲学视野中的社会资本[M].北京:人民出版社,2008:99.
[6]安东尼·刘易斯.言论自由的边界:美国宪法第一修正案[M].徐爽,译.北京:法律出版社,2016:179.
[7]欧文·M.费斯.言论自由的反讽[M].刘擎,等译.北京:新星出版社,2005:14.
[8]任剑涛.政治哲学讲演录[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2008:246.
[9]玛丽·安·格伦顿.权利话语——穷途末路的政治言辞[M].周威,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2006:226.
[10]理查德·E.帕尔默.诠释学[M].潘德荣,译.北京:商务印书馆,2012.
[11]洪涛.逻各斯与空间——古代希腊政治哲学研究[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1997:299.
[12]查尔斯·泰勒.自我的根源:现代认同的形成[M].韩震,等译.南京:江苏人民出版社,2001:324.
[13]安德鲁·海伍德.政治学的思维方式[M].张立鹏,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2014:13.