铜陵顺安河中不同种类鱼体内磺胺类抗生素的污染特征及健康风险评估
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摘要
采集了铜陵顺安河(包括其支流钟仓河、新桥河、红星河)的7种鱼类样本,测定了鱼体中7种磺胺类抗生素的浓度水平,并根据磺胺类药物的最高残留限量(MRL)和人体每日允许摄入量(ADI)对人体健康风险进行评估。结果表明,鱼样中7种磺胺类抗生素的检出率为27%～100%,其中,磺胺甲噁唑=磺胺氯哒嗪>磺胺嘧啶>磺胺二甲基嘧啶>磺胺甲基嘧啶>磺胺二甲氧嘧啶>磺胺甲氧哒嗪。鱼体中7种磺胺类抗生素的总平均质量浓度为46.99～291.46ng/g,其中在粗唇鮠(Leiocassis crassilabris)体内含量最高,鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)鱼体内最低。不同生态习性和食性鱼体中磺胺类抗生素浓度存在显著差异(p<0.05),表现为底栖鱼类>中上层鱼类,肉食性鱼类>杂食性鱼类>草食性鱼类。健康风险评估结果表明,采集鱼样中磺胺类抗生素总量的超标率达到60%。7种磺胺类抗生素的日平均摄入量为0.03～0.35ng/g,磺胺类抗生素ADI贡献率为0.06%～0.69%(质量分数),小于1.00%,膳食安全性影响低。
The concentrations of 7 kinds of sulfonamides in fish samples collected from Shun'an River(inciuding its tributaries Zhongcang River,Xinqiao River and Hongxing River)in Tongling were analyzed.Assessment of the health risks was conducted based on the values of maximum residue limits(MRL)and acceptable daily intake(ADI).The results showed that the detected frequencies of 7 kinds of sulfonamides in fish samples ranged from 27% to 100%,and ranked as sulfamethoxazole =sulfachlorpyridazine>sulfadiazine>sulfamethazine>sulfamerazine>sulfadimethoxine>sulfamethoxypyridazine.The average total mass concentration of antibiotics in fish was 46.99-291.46 ng/g,which was the highest and the lowest in Leiocassis crassilabris and Parabramis pekinensis,respectively.In addition,there were significant differences(p<0.05)on the concentrations of sulfonamides in fish which had different ecological and eating habits.The levels of sulfonammides were shown as demersal fish>pelagic fish,and carnivorous>omnivorous>phytophagous species.The exceed rate of total amount of sulfonamides in the fish sample was up to 60%.The estimated daily intakes of sulfonamides in the present study ranged from 0.03 to 0.35 ng/g,which accounted for 0.06%-0.69%(<1.00%,mass fraction)of the ADI.Therefore,their effects on the security of dietary were relatively low.
The concentrations of 7 kinds of sulfonamides in fish samples collected from Shun'an River(inciuding its tributaries Zhongcang River,Xinqiao River and Hongxing River)in Tongling were analyzed.Assessment of the health risks was conducted based on the values of maximum residue limits(MRL)and acceptable daily intake(ADI).The results showed that the detected frequencies of 7 kinds of sulfonamides in fish samples ranged from 27% to 100%,and ranked as sulfamethoxazole =sulfachlorpyridazine>sulfadiazine>sulfamethazine>sulfamerazine>sulfadimethoxine>sulfamethoxypyridazine.The average total mass concentration of antibiotics in fish was 46.99-291.46 ng/g,which was the highest and the lowest in Leiocassis crassilabris and Parabramis pekinensis,respectively.In addition,there were significant differences(p<0.05)on the concentrations of sulfonamides in fish which had different ecological and eating habits.The levels of sulfonammides were shown as demersal fish>pelagic fish,and carnivorous>omnivorous>phytophagous species.The exceed rate of total amount of sulfonamides in the fish sample was up to 60%.The estimated daily intakes of sulfonamides in the present study ranged from 0.03 to 0.35 ng/g,which accounted for 0.06%-0.69%(<1.00%,mass fraction)of the ADI.Therefore,their effects on the security of dietary were relatively low.
引文
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[24]CLEUVERS M.Mixture toxicity of the anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac,ibuprofen,naproxen,and acetylsalicylic acid[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2004,59(3):309-315.
[25]SONG C,ZHANG C,FAN L M,et al.Occurrence of antibiotics and their impacts to primary productivity in fishponds around Tai Lake,China[J].Chemosphere,2016,161:127-135.
[26]HOU L,YIN G,LIU M,et al.Effects of sulfamethazine on denitrification and the associated N2O release in estuarine and coastal sediments[J].Environment Science&Technology,2015,49(1):326-333.
[2]杨常青,王龙星,侯晓虹,等.大辽河水系河水中16种抗生素的污染水平分析[J].色谱,2012,30(8):756-762.
[3]HARNISZ M,KORZENIEWSKA E,GOLAS I.The impact of a freshwater fish farm on the community of tetracycline-resistant bacteria and the structure of tetracycline resistance genes in river water[J].Chemosphere,2015,128:134-141.
[4]PULGARIN J M,MOLINA A A,FERRERAS F M,et al.Rapid and simple determination of sarafloxacin in egg by time-resolved chemiluminescence[J].Food Analysis Methods,2012,6(4):1153-1161.
[5]LIU X H,LU S Y,MENG W,et al.Residues and health risk assessment of typical antibiotics in aquatic products from the Dongting Lake,China-“Did you eat“Antibiotics”today?”[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25(4).
[6]SANDERSON H,BRAIN R A,JOHNSON D J,et al.Toxicity classification and evaluation of four pharmaceuticals classes:antibiotics,antineoplastics,cardiovascular,and sex hormones[J].Toxicology,2004,203(1/2/3):27-40.
[7]ZHAO J L,LIU Y S,LIU W R,et al.Tissue-specific bioaccumulation of human and veterinary antibiotics in bile,plasma,liver and muscle tissues of wild fish from a highly urbanized region[J].Environmental Pollution,2015,198:15-24.
[8]何秀婷,王奇,聂湘平,等.广东典型海水养殖区沉积物及鱼体中磺胺类药物的残留及其对人体的健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(7).
[9]池源.安徽铜陵地区土壤和河流沉积物重金属分布特征与污染评价[D].南京:南京大学,2013.
[10]姜蕾,陈书怡,杨蓉,等.长江三角洲地区典型废水中抗生素的初步分析[J].环境化学,2008,27(3).
[11]刘晓晖.洞庭湖流域水环境中典型抗生素污染特征,来源及风险评估[D].济南:山东师范大学,2017.
[12]XIONG W,SUN Y X,ZHANG T,et al.Antibiotics,antibiotic resistance genes,and bacterial community composition in fresh water aquaculture environment in China[J].Microbial Ecology,2015,70(2):425-432.
[13]HE X T,DENG M C,WANG Q,et al.Residues and health risk assessment of quinolones and sulfonamides in cultured fish from Pearl River Delta,China[J].Aquaculture,2016,458:38-46.
[14]王华章,王晨晨,唐俊.HPLC-MS/MS法测定巢湖水产品中抗生素残留量[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(22):94-95.
[15]陆梅,梁卫清,戴慧婷.洪泽湖水产品中渔药残留量调查[J].环境监控与预警,2010,2(2):31-34.
[16]LIU S S,BEKELE T G,ZHAO H X,et al.Bioaccumulation and tissue distribution of antibiotics in wild marine fish from Laizhou Bay,North China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,631/632:1398-1405.
[17]闫海鱼,冯新斌,刘霆,等.贵州百花湖鱼体汞污染现状[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(8):1357-1361.
[18]毕士川,于慧娟,蔡友琼,等.重金属Pb在不同水产品中的含量及污染状况评价[J].环境科学与技术,2007,30(1):73-75,118.
[19]吴义国,方冰芯,李玉成,等.杭埠-丰乐河表层沉积物中多环芳烃的污染特征、来源分析及生态风险评价[J].环境化学,2017,36(2):420-429.
[20]CHEUNG K C,LEUNG H M,KONG K Y,et al.Residual levels of DDTs and PAHs in freshwater and marine fish from Hong Kong markets and their health risk assessment[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(3):460-468.
[21]农业部畜牧兽医局.农业部发布动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量[J].中国兽药杂志,2003,37(2):7-9.
[22]JECFA.Summary of evaluations performed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives(JECFA)[J].Nutrition Reviews,2000,58(3):90.
[23]ZHANG L,LI J,ZHAO Y,et al.Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and indicator polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)in foods from China:levels,dietary intake and risk assessment[J].Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry,2013,61(26):6544-6551.
[24]CLEUVERS M.Mixture toxicity of the anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac,ibuprofen,naproxen,and acetylsalicylic acid[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2004,59(3):309-315.
[25]SONG C,ZHANG C,FAN L M,et al.Occurrence of antibiotics and their impacts to primary productivity in fishponds around Tai Lake,China[J].Chemosphere,2016,161:127-135.
[26]HOU L,YIN G,LIU M,et al.Effects of sulfamethazine on denitrification and the associated N2O release in estuarine and coastal sediments[J].Environment Science&Technology,2015,49(1):326-333.