藜不同溶剂提取物的杀蚜活性
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摘要
以萝卜蚜为试虫,对4种不同溶剂藜提取物的杀蚜活性进行了研究。结果表明,石油醚和乙醇提取物的杀虫活性最为显著,对萝卜蚜有很强的触杀和拒食作用,石油醚提取物72 h的平均拒食率为73.33%,拒食中浓度AFC_(50)为61.731 mg/mL,触杀校正死亡率为97.69%,LC_(50)为22.431 mg/mL;乙醇提取物72 h的触杀校正死亡率为93.82%,LC_(50)为34.698 mg/mL,与对照组具有显著差异。此外,藜其他溶剂提取物也表现出一定的杀蚜活性。
The insecticidal activity of four solvent extracts from Chenopodium album L. against Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach) was tested. The results showed that petroleum ether and alcohol extracts possessed high effectiveness for contacting death and antifeeding against L. erysimi. The average antifeedant rate of petroleum ether extracts was 73.33% in 72 h, and the antifeeding medium concentration(AFC_(50)) was 61.731 mg/mL. The corrected contact mortality was 97.69%, and the median lethal concentration(LC_(50)) was 22.431 mg/mL. The corrected contact mortality of alcohol extracts was 93.82% in 72 h, and the LC_(50) value was 34.698 mg/mL. It is significant differences with the control group. In addition, other solvent extracts from C.album also showed certain insecticidal activity.
The insecticidal activity of four solvent extracts from Chenopodium album L. against Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach) was tested. The results showed that petroleum ether and alcohol extracts possessed high effectiveness for contacting death and antifeeding against L. erysimi. The average antifeedant rate of petroleum ether extracts was 73.33% in 72 h, and the antifeeding medium concentration(AFC_(50)) was 61.731 mg/mL. The corrected contact mortality was 97.69%, and the median lethal concentration(LC_(50)) was 22.431 mg/mL. The corrected contact mortality of alcohol extracts was 93.82% in 72 h, and the LC_(50) value was 34.698 mg/mL. It is significant differences with the control group. In addition, other solvent extracts from C.album also showed certain insecticidal activity.
引文
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[20] 张兴,马志卿,冯俊涛,等.植物源农药研究进展[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(5):685-698.
[2] 周辛平.部分山野菜营养价值及食用方法[J].甘肃农业,2003(10):62-63.
[3] 田华.灰灰菜黄酮类化合物的提取及其体外抗氧化性研究[J].食品工业,2013,34(9):114-117.
[4] 徐固华,夏新奎,刘永垒.灰灰菜抑菌成分提取及其抑菌活性研究[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(11):2802-2803.
[5] 赵良忠,王放银,段林东.灰灰菜抗菌物质提取及抗菌效果研究[J].生物技术,2004,14(4):66-67.
[6] 李燕,王寒,薛天乐,等.灰灰菜提物体外抑菌活性的研究[J].食品科学,2009,30(5):112-114.
[7] 张静,李慕春,古丽克孜·阿日甫.10种植物粗提物对棉蚜的室内毒力测定[J].农产品加工(创新版),2010(4):25-28.
[8] HU Meiying,KLOCKE J A,CHIU S F, et al.Response of five insect species to botanical insecticide, RhodojaponinⅢ[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology,1993,86(3):706-711.
[9] 谢红英,蒋红云,王国平,等.石菖蒲根茎提取物对粘虫的生物活性[J].农药,2004(8):367-369.
[10] 陈立,徐汉虹,赵善欢.唐古特瑞香对斜纹夜蛾的拒食活性研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2000,21(1):44-46.
[11] KLOCKE J A,HU Meiying,CHIU S F.Grayanoid diterpene insect antifeedants and insecticides from Rhododendron molle[J].Phytochemistry,1991,30(6):1797-1800.
[12] 张建英,杨贵军,于有志,等.11种植物提取物对枸杞蚜虫的拒食和毒杀活性测定[J].农业科学研究,2007(1):21-23.
[13] 顾地周,郭伟,冯颖,等.东北天南星不同提取液对菜蚜的生物活性及其活性浓度的初步筛选[J].长江蔬菜(学术版),2008(12b):44-48.
[14] 徐任生,赵维民,叶阳.天然产物活性成分分离[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[15] 尚宇光,李淑芬,肖鸾.植物中生物碱的提取工艺[J].现代化工,2002(S1):51-54.
[16] 汪茂田,谢培山,王忠东,等.天然有机化合物提取分离与结构鉴定[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:16-22.
[17] 吴立军.实用天然有机产物化学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:132-135.
[18] 再帕尔·阿不力孜.天然产物研究方法和技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[19] 蔡璞瑛,毛绍名,章怀云,等.植物源杀虫剂国内外研究进展[J].农药,2014,53(8):547-551.
[20] 张兴,马志卿,冯俊涛,等.植物源农药研究进展[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(5):685-698.