嘉善县超市购物用具卫生状况调查分析
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摘要
目的了解嘉善县超市购物用具卫生情况,为相关部门制定制度和标准提供科学依据。方法选取嘉善县4家超市分别在2月、9月进行购物车(篮)不同部位采样。共采集296份样品,其中256份检测菌落总数、大肠菌群、霉菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌、沙门菌、志贺菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌;40份检测诺如病毒Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型核酸、肠道病毒通用型核酸EV、肠道病毒核酸EV71、柯萨奇病毒核酸CVA16。结果超市购物用具细菌总数、大肠菌群、霉菌阳性总检出率分别为30.5%、3.5%、45.3%;2月份超市购物用具细菌总数、大肠菌群、霉菌阳性检出率分别为25.0%、0.8%、23.4%;9月份超市购物用具细菌总数、大肠菌群、霉菌阳性检出率分别为35.9%、6.3%、67.2%。致病菌和病毒核酸均未检出。结论超市购物车(篮)存在不同程度的污染,不同季节污染程度不同。建议相关部门制定政策,采取合理措施进行管理。
Objective To investigate the hygienic situation of supermarket shopping appliance in Jiashan,so as to provide scientific basis for the relevant departments to establish regulations and standards. Methods Random sampling methods were taken in 4 supermarkets in Jiashan in February and September. Different parts of shopping carts and baskets were investigated.296 samples were collected,among which 256 samples were conducted for the detection of bacterial counts,coliform bacteria,Fungi,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus,Salmonella,Shigella,enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; 40 samples were conducted for the detection of norovirus type nucleic acid,universal enterovirus nucleic acid,EV enterovirus EV71,Coxsackie virus nucleic acid CVA16. Results The positive rate of bacterial counts,coliform bacteria,Fungi were 30. 5%,3. 5%,45. 3%;In February the positive rates of total number of bacteria,coliform bacteria,Fungi were 25. 0%,0. 8%,23. 4%; while in September,that were 35. 9%,6. 3% and 67. 2%. Pathogenic bacteria and viral nucleic acid were not detected. Conclusion Supermarket shopping cart contamination exists in varying degrees related to the season. Reasonable measures and regulations should be taken by the relevant departments to guarantee the shopping sanitation.
Objective To investigate the hygienic situation of supermarket shopping appliance in Jiashan,so as to provide scientific basis for the relevant departments to establish regulations and standards. Methods Random sampling methods were taken in 4 supermarkets in Jiashan in February and September. Different parts of shopping carts and baskets were investigated.296 samples were collected,among which 256 samples were conducted for the detection of bacterial counts,coliform bacteria,Fungi,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus,Salmonella,Shigella,enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; 40 samples were conducted for the detection of norovirus type nucleic acid,universal enterovirus nucleic acid,EV enterovirus EV71,Coxsackie virus nucleic acid CVA16. Results The positive rate of bacterial counts,coliform bacteria,Fungi were 30. 5%,3. 5%,45. 3%;In February the positive rates of total number of bacteria,coliform bacteria,Fungi were 25. 0%,0. 8%,23. 4%; while in September,that were 35. 9%,6. 3% and 67. 2%. Pathogenic bacteria and viral nucleic acid were not detected. Conclusion Supermarket shopping cart contamination exists in varying degrees related to the season. Reasonable measures and regulations should be taken by the relevant departments to guarantee the shopping sanitation.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB/T 18204.4—2013公共场所卫生检验方法第4部分:公共用品用具微生物[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部.WS 271—2007感染性腹泻诊断标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
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[4]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 4789.4.6—2016食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.WS 205—2001公共场所用品卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[6]曹英川,谢梦.杨浦区大中型超市购物用具污染状况调查[J].健康教育与健康促进,2010,5(3):202-203.
[7]侯军,司虹,陈玉凤,等.大连市超市购物用具卫生情况调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2010,26(5):398-399.
[8]卢红,张萍,罗争,等.重庆市九龙坡区超市购物车、购物篮污染调查[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014,24(11):1644-1645.
[9]沈俊伶.2011年丹阳市公共场所公共用品致病菌监测结果[J].中国公共卫生管理,2013,29(6):833-834.
[10]王硕佳,高萌,张珊,等.保定市超市购物用具卫生状况调查[J].医学研究与教育,2014,31(2):56-59.
[11]邹国华,王息龙.宜兴市超市用手提篮手推车卫生状况调查[J].江苏预防医学,2010,21(2):43-44.
[12]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品卫生微生物学检验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004:9-15.
[13]张朝武,邱景富.卫生微生物学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2012:204.
[14]刘芳,罗臻,黄静敏,等.致病性蜡样芽胞杆菌的研究进展[J].检验检疫学刊,2016,26(1):68-70.
[15]唐宇明,何贤松,靳妍.一起蜡样芽胞杆菌引起社区食物中毒事件调查[J].浙江预防医学,2014,26(4):405-407.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部.WS 271—2007感染性腹泻诊断标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.手足口病预防控制指南(2009年版)[Z].2009-06-04.
[4]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 4789.4.6—2016食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.WS 205—2001公共场所用品卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[6]曹英川,谢梦.杨浦区大中型超市购物用具污染状况调查[J].健康教育与健康促进,2010,5(3):202-203.
[7]侯军,司虹,陈玉凤,等.大连市超市购物用具卫生情况调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2010,26(5):398-399.
[8]卢红,张萍,罗争,等.重庆市九龙坡区超市购物车、购物篮污染调查[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014,24(11):1644-1645.
[9]沈俊伶.2011年丹阳市公共场所公共用品致病菌监测结果[J].中国公共卫生管理,2013,29(6):833-834.
[10]王硕佳,高萌,张珊,等.保定市超市购物用具卫生状况调查[J].医学研究与教育,2014,31(2):56-59.
[11]邹国华,王息龙.宜兴市超市用手提篮手推车卫生状况调查[J].江苏预防医学,2010,21(2):43-44.
[12]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品卫生微生物学检验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004:9-15.
[13]张朝武,邱景富.卫生微生物学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2012:204.
[14]刘芳,罗臻,黄静敏,等.致病性蜡样芽胞杆菌的研究进展[J].检验检疫学刊,2016,26(1):68-70.
[15]唐宇明,何贤松,靳妍.一起蜡样芽胞杆菌引起社区食物中毒事件调查[J].浙江预防医学,2014,26(4):405-407.