海口市冬季大气颗粒物PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃源解析
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摘要
于2014年冬季在海口市两个采样点采集大气PM_(2.5)样品,采用超声萃取和GC/MS分析了PM_(2.5)中16种PAHs,探讨了其含量分布特征,并运用因子分析/多元线性回归对PAHs来源进行定性和定量源解析。结果表明,冬季PM_(2.5)中PAHs质量浓度为3.191~15.539ng/m3,两个采样点平均质量浓度为6.771 ng/m~3;高温热解和交通污染混合源、生物质燃烧、天然气是PM_(2.5)中PAHs的3类主要来源,其贡献率分别为74%、10%、16%。
Atmospheric PM_(2.5) samples were collected at two sites in Haikou winter of 2014. 16 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) in PM_(2.5)samples were measured by ultrasonic extraction and analyzed by GC / MS method to discuss distribution characteristics and the sources of PAHs were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by factor analysis and multiple linear regression( FA / MLR). The results showed that the concentration range of PAHs in PM_(2.5)was 3. 191-15. 539 ng / m~3 and the average concentration of the two sampling sites was 6. 771 ng / m~3. FA / MLR showed that the high temperature pyrolysis and traffic pollution mixed sources,biomass burning,and natural gas were three main pollution sources of PAHs in PM_(2.5),and the contribution rate to PAHs was 74%,10% and 16%,respectively.
Atmospheric PM_(2.5) samples were collected at two sites in Haikou winter of 2014. 16 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) in PM_(2.5)samples were measured by ultrasonic extraction and analyzed by GC / MS method to discuss distribution characteristics and the sources of PAHs were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by factor analysis and multiple linear regression( FA / MLR). The results showed that the concentration range of PAHs in PM_(2.5)was 3. 191-15. 539 ng / m~3 and the average concentration of the two sampling sites was 6. 771 ng / m~3. FA / MLR showed that the high temperature pyrolysis and traffic pollution mixed sources,biomass burning,and natural gas were three main pollution sources of PAHs in PM_(2.5),and the contribution rate to PAHs was 74%,10% and 16%,respectively.
引文
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[2]唐明金,徐志新,左谦,等.粤港澳地区多环芳烃的多介质归趋[J].生态环境,2008,15(4):670-673.
[3]LI C C,HUO S L,YU Z Q,et al.Spatial distribution,potential risk assessment,and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in sediments of Lake Chaohu,China[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2014,21(20):12028-12039.
[4]WU J,TENG Y G,CHEN H Y.Source apportionment for sediment PAHs using hybrid genetic pattern search treatment of a chemical mass balance receptor model:Application to the Pearl River Delta region,China[J].Environmental monitoring and assessment,2014,186(10):6651-6662.
[5]邹本东,徐子优,华蕾,等.因子分析法解析北京市大气颗粒物PM10的来源[J].中国环境监测,2007,23(2):79-85.
[6]郭琳,何宗健,尹丽.南昌市夏季PM2.5中多环芳烃来源解析[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(11):57-62.
[7]杨红玉,倪进治,黄艳梅,等.福州市大气PM10中多环芳烃污染特征及其源解析[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(2):74-78.
[8]孟庆紫,樊曙先,何佳宝,等.南京北郊冬季大气粗细颗粒物中PAHs来源解析[J].环境化学,2015,34(3):417-424.
[9]SHARMA H,JAIN V K,KHAN Z H.Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the urban air of Delhi during 2003[J].Environmental monitoring and assessment,2008,147(1/2/3):43-55.
[10]PARK S U,KIM J G,JEONG M J,et al.Source identification of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in industrial complex using diagnostic ratios and multivariate factor analysis[J].Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology,2011,60(4):576-589.
[11]MASIOL M,CENTANNI E,SQUIZZATO S,et al.GC-MS analyses and chemometric processing to discriminate the local and long-distance sources of PAHs associated to atmospheric PM2.5[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2012,19(8):3142-3151.
[12]戴伟,高佳琪,曹罡,等.深圳市郊区大气中PM2.5的特征分析[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1952-1957.
[13]周颖,周家斌,王磊,等.武汉秋冬季大气PM2.5中多环芳烃的分布特征及来源[J].生态环境学报,2013,2(3):506-511.
[14]马社霞,张啸,陈来国,等.海南五指山背景点PM2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(S1):103-107.
[15]MASIH A,SAINI R,SINGHVI R,et al.Concentrations,sources,and exposure profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in particulate matter(PM10)in the north central part of India[J].Environmental monitoring and assessment,2010,163:421-431.
[16]DELHOMME O,MILLET M.Characterization of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the east of France urban areas[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2012,19(5):1791-1799.
[17]EVANGELOS I T,DIKAIA E S,KATERINA F F,et al.One-year intensive characterization on PM2.5nearby port area of Thessaloniki,Greece[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2015,22(9):6812-6826.
[18]秦传高,钟秦,胡伟,等.南京市可吸入颗物中多环芳烃的源解析[J].环境化学,2008,27(3):318-321.
[19]LI C K,KAMENS R M.The use of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as source signatures in receptor modeling[J].Atmospheric environment,1993,27(4):523-532.
[20]ROGGE W F,HIDEMANN L M,MAZUREK M A,et al.Sources of fine organic aerosol.2.noncatalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy duty diesel trucks[J].Environmental science&technology,1993,27(4):636-651.
[21]SIMCIK M F,EISENREICH S J,LIOY P J.Sources apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan[J].Atmospheric environment,1999,33(30):5071-5079.
[22]李久海,董元华,曹志洪.稻草焚烧产生的多环芳烃排放特征研究[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(1):23-26.
[23]杨红玉,倪进治,黄艳梅,等.福州市大气PM10中多环芳烃特征及其源解析[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(2):74-78.