宽杯杜鹃贮藏花粉特性及其与马缨杜鹃杂交的应用评价
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摘要
利用电镜扫描观察了宽杯杜鹃的花粉形态;利用液体培养法比较研究了贮藏前和-80℃贮藏310 d的宽杯杜鹃花粉形态和花粉活力变化;以-80℃贮藏310 d的宽杯杜鹃花粉为父本材料,与马缨杜鹃进行杂交授粉,对杂交授粉后花粉管生长和受精情况进行了观察。结果表明:与贮藏前相比,-80℃贮藏310 d后的宽杯杜鹃花粉在形态上出现了花粉膜内陷情况,花粉活力从83.24%降低至45.52%;用宽杯杜鹃贮藏花粉与马缨杜鹃杂交授粉后,宽杯杜鹃的花粉管生长正常,在杂交授粉后19 d花粉萌发率达最高值(37.57%),且花粉管、子房和胚珠内的杂交不亲和现象明显。
The morphology of pollens of Rhododendron sinofalconeri was observed under scanning electron microscope for the first time. The pollen morphology and viability of R. sinofalconeri before storage and after 310-d storage at-80 ℃ were compared and studied by using the liquid culture method. The hybridization pollination between the pollen( male parent) of R. sinofalconeri stored for 310 days at-80 ℃ and Rhododendron delavayi( female parent) was conducted,and the pollen tube growth and fertilization situations after the pollination were observed. The results showed that: in comparison with the pre-storage pollens of R. sinofalconeri,the pollens of R. sinofalconeri stored for 310 days at-80 ℃ had an invaginated pollen membrane,and their viability decreased from 83.24% to 45.52%. After the hybridization pollination between the stored pollens of R. sinofalconeri and R. delavayi,the pollen tube of R. sinofalconeri grew normally,the pollen germination rate reached the maximum value( 37.57%) on the19 th day after the hybridization pollination,and the incompatibility phenomenon in the pollen tube,ovary and ovule was obvious.
The morphology of pollens of Rhododendron sinofalconeri was observed under scanning electron microscope for the first time. The pollen morphology and viability of R. sinofalconeri before storage and after 310-d storage at-80 ℃ were compared and studied by using the liquid culture method. The hybridization pollination between the pollen( male parent) of R. sinofalconeri stored for 310 days at-80 ℃ and Rhododendron delavayi( female parent) was conducted,and the pollen tube growth and fertilization situations after the pollination were observed. The results showed that: in comparison with the pre-storage pollens of R. sinofalconeri,the pollens of R. sinofalconeri stored for 310 days at-80 ℃ had an invaginated pollen membrane,and their viability decreased from 83.24% to 45.52%. After the hybridization pollination between the stored pollens of R. sinofalconeri and R. delavayi,the pollen tube of R. sinofalconeri grew normally,the pollen germination rate reached the maximum value( 37.57%) on the19 th day after the hybridization pollination,and the incompatibility phenomenon in the pollen tube,ovary and ovule was obvious.
引文
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[16]杜克兵,许林,涂炳坤,等.不同贮藏条件下杨树花粉活力变化及隔年杂交授粉应用的可行性研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2007,26(3):385-389.
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[21]Akihide O,Kenichi S.Cross incompatibility between Rhododendron sect.Tsutsusi species and Rhododendron japonicum(A.Gray)J.V.Suringar f.flavum Nakai.J.Japan[J].Journal of the Janpanese Society for Horticultural Science,2004,73(5):453-459.
[22]解玮佳,王继华,彭绿春,等.大白杜鹃与露珠杜鹃杂交亲和性及其杂交果实发育动态研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2016,38(1):90-96.
[23]张超仪,耿兴敏.六种杜鹃花植物花粉活力测定方法的比较研究[J].植物科学学报,2012,30(1):92-99.
[24]Zhang Y J,Jin X F,Ding B Y,et al.Pollen morphology of Rhododendron subgen.Tsutsusi and its systematic implications[J].Journal of Systematics and Evolution,47(2):123-138.
[25]Joonmoh P,Unsook S.Pollen morphology of the genus Rhododendron(Ericaceae)in Korea[J].Journal Korean For Soc,2010,99(5):663-672.
[2]解玮佳,王继华,卢红春,等.21个高山杜鹃引进品种的亲本分析[J].河南农业大学学报,2015,49(5):622-627.
[3]解玮佳,唐毓玮,宋杰,等.基于灰色关联度分析法的高山杜鹃品种综合评价[J].河南农业大学学报,2017,51(4):513-520.
[4]Wu H,Yang X M,Shao H M,et al.Germplasm resource base for rhododendron horticulture:status,problems and countermeasures[J].Biodiversity Science,2014,21(5):628-634.
[5]Cai Y F,Li S F,Xie W J,et al.How do leaf anatomies and photosynthesis of three Rhododendron species relate to their natural environments?[J].Botanical Studies,2014(55):36-44.
[6]Gibbs D,Chamberlain D,Argent G.The red list of Rhododendrons[M].BGCI Descanso House,2011:87.
[7]Cox K.New rhododendrons[J].RHS-Publications:TheGarden,2013(1):46-47.
[8]陆琳,彭绿春,宋杰,等.不同高山杜鹃品种花粉活力测定及贮藏方法研究[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(2):175-178.
[9]毛子军,杨永富,侯丽君.东北杜鹃花科4属植物花粉形态的研究[J].植物研究,2000,20(2):168-174.
[10]Williams E G,Knox R B,Rouse J L.Pollination subsystems distinguished by pollen tube arrest after incompatible interspecific crosses in Rhododendron[J].Journal of Cell Science,1982,53:255-277.
[11]周兰英,王永清,张丽.26种杜鹃属植物花粉形态及分类学研究[J].林业科学,2008,44(2):55-63.
[12]王玉国,李光照,漆小雪,等.杜鹃花属植物花粉形态及其分类学意义[J].广西植物,2006,26(2):113-119.
[13]杨华,宋绪忠.马银花花粉萌发和贮藏特性[J].浙江林业科技,2015,35(1):49-53.
[14]耿兴敏,黄蓓丽,罗凤霞,等.唐菖蒲花粉低温保存过程中的生理生化特征[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(7):1417-1421.
[15]杨秀莲,林燕青,王良桂.海州常山花粉低温贮藏及其生理生化特征研究[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(9):1808-1814.
[16]杜克兵,许林,涂炳坤,等.不同贮藏条件下杨树花粉活力变化及隔年杂交授粉应用的可行性研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2007,26(3):385-389.
[17]张长芹.杜鹃花[M].北京:中国建筑出版社,2003:188.
[18]Sax K.Chromosome stability in the genus Rhododendron[J].American Journal of Botany,1930,17:247-251.
[19]解玮佳,李世峰,李树发,等.高山杜鹃与大喇叭杜鹃种间杂交过程的观察研究[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(12):2432-2437.
[20]Cowan J M.The significance of Rhododendron‘Grierdal’[M].The Rhododendron Yearbook,1946:48-54.
[21]Akihide O,Kenichi S.Cross incompatibility between Rhododendron sect.Tsutsusi species and Rhododendron japonicum(A.Gray)J.V.Suringar f.flavum Nakai.J.Japan[J].Journal of the Janpanese Society for Horticultural Science,2004,73(5):453-459.
[22]解玮佳,王继华,彭绿春,等.大白杜鹃与露珠杜鹃杂交亲和性及其杂交果实发育动态研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2016,38(1):90-96.
[23]张超仪,耿兴敏.六种杜鹃花植物花粉活力测定方法的比较研究[J].植物科学学报,2012,30(1):92-99.
[24]Zhang Y J,Jin X F,Ding B Y,et al.Pollen morphology of Rhododendron subgen.Tsutsusi and its systematic implications[J].Journal of Systematics and Evolution,47(2):123-138.
[25]Joonmoh P,Unsook S.Pollen morphology of the genus Rhododendron(Ericaceae)in Korea[J].Journal Korean For Soc,2010,99(5):663-672.