人工环境下肚倍夏迁蚜的迁飞与繁殖研究
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摘要
肚倍夏迁蚜的迁飞和繁殖决定了其过夏越冬的种群基数,直接影响第2年的肚倍产量,是肚倍生产中的重要一环。2015-2016年,在湖北竹山对肚倍夏迁蚜在人工环境下的迁飞和繁殖进行了观察分析。结果表明,人工条件下,肚倍夏迁蚜的迁飞历期为11 d,有2个迁飞高峰。一日内不同时段的迁飞率存在显著差异,其中9∶30-12∶30迁飞率最高。与直接从倍子中取出的夏迁蚜相比,灯光诱集的夏迁蚜开始产若蚜的时间较早,生殖历期较短,生殖个体比例高,5 d内个体死亡比例大,平均产蚜率高(P<0.01)。含不同数量夏迁蚜的各组的平均产若蚜数量存在显著差异(P<0.05)。这些实验数据有助于进一步揭示人工条件对肚倍夏迁蚜的影响,为改进肚倍蚜培育技术,增加肚倍产量提供了依据。
It is an important part of the gallnut production that the number of overwintering larva is determined by migration and reproduction of summer migrant aphids.From 2015 to 2016,the migration and reproduction of Kaburagia rhusicola in artificial environment were observed in Zhushan,Hubei Province.The results showed that the migration period of aphids lasted for 11 days,with 2 migratory peaks,under the artificial conditions.There was a significant difference of the migrating rates at different times per day,and the highest migrating rate was happened at 9 ∶ 30 to 12 ∶ 30.Compared with the summer migrants removed from the galls,the light-trapped summer migrants reproduced earlier and had shorter reproduction duration,higher proportion of reproduction individuals and died individuals(in5 d).The mean productivity of light-trapped summer migrant was significantly higher than that of those removed from the galls(P < 0.01).There was a significant difference(P < 0.05) in the mean reproduction numbers in different desities.Our results provided new evidences for understanding the effects of the artificial conditions on K.rhusicola,and improving the cultivation techniques of K.rhusicola,and increasing the yield of Chinese gallnuts.
It is an important part of the gallnut production that the number of overwintering larva is determined by migration and reproduction of summer migrant aphids.From 2015 to 2016,the migration and reproduction of Kaburagia rhusicola in artificial environment were observed in Zhushan,Hubei Province.The results showed that the migration period of aphids lasted for 11 days,with 2 migratory peaks,under the artificial conditions.There was a significant difference of the migrating rates at different times per day,and the highest migrating rate was happened at 9 ∶ 30 to 12 ∶ 30.Compared with the summer migrants removed from the galls,the light-trapped summer migrants reproduced earlier and had shorter reproduction duration,higher proportion of reproduction individuals and died individuals(in5 d).The mean productivity of light-trapped summer migrant was significantly higher than that of those removed from the galls(P < 0.01).There was a significant difference(P < 0.05) in the mean reproduction numbers in different desities.Our results provided new evidences for understanding the effects of the artificial conditions on K.rhusicola,and improving the cultivation techniques of K.rhusicola,and increasing the yield of Chinese gallnuts.
引文
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Lai YQ,Zhang YP,Fang Y,et al.Biological studies on the Duensiform Gall aphid,Kaburagia rhusicola I.Life History[J].Forest Research,1992,5(5):554-558.[赖永祺,张燕平,方英,等.肚倍蚜生物学研究I.生活史[J].林业科学研究,1992,5(5):554-558]
Lai YQ,Zhang YP,Fang Y,et al.Biological studies on the Duensiform Gall aphid,Kaburagia rhusicola III.Population dynamics[J].Forest Research,1993,6(2):151-156.[赖永祺,张燕平,方英,等.肚倍蚜的生物学研究III.种群数量变动[J].林业科学研究,1993,6(2):151-156]
Shen L,Cheng XN.The effect of migration on reproduction of Nilaparvata lugens(Stl)[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,1998,21(3):32-35.[沈丽,程遐年.迁飞对褐飞虱生殖的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,1998,21(3):32-35]
Tang YF,Yang ZX,Ma L,et al.Studies on fundatrix emergence period,quantitative change and autumn migrant reproductivity of Chinese horned gall aphid,Schlechtendalia chinensis[J].Forest Research,2014,27(3):393-399.[唐翊峰,杨子祥,马琳,等.角倍蚜干母发生期和数量变化及秋迁蚜生殖能力[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(3):393-399]
Wang JF.A Study on The Biology,Ecology and Indoor Rearing of the Du-ensiform Gall Aphid,Kaburagia Rhusicola[D].Xi'an:Northwest A&F University,1996.[王江峰.肚倍蚜生物学生态学及其室内养殖的研究[D].西安:西北农业大学,1996]
Wei YP,Zhang YL,Yuan F,et al.Favorite conditions for the storage of the summer migrant Kaburagia rhusicola Takagi[J].Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry,1999,27(1):47-51.[魏永平,张雅林,袁锋,等.肚倍夏迁蚜合理贮留条件研究[J].西北农业大学学报,1999,27(1):47-51]
Xia DJ,Li ZG,Wu H.Ecological characteristics of Kaburagia rhusicola Takagi and high yield technology of Du-ensiform gall[J].Quarterly of Forest By-Product and Speclality in China,1993,24(1):14-17.[夏定久,李志国,吴昊.肚倍蚜生物生态学特性与肚倍丰产技术[J].中国林副特产,1993,24(1):14-17]
Xiang H.Studies of Chinese gall-nut aphids on Rhus rotaninii Maxim[J].Entomotaxonomia,1980,11(4):303-313.[向和.中国青肤杨五倍子蚜虫的研究[J].昆虫分类学报,1980,11(4):303-313]
Yang ZX.Technical Specification for the High-yielded Breeding of Chinese gallnut[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2011:3-5.[杨子祥.五倍子高产培育技术[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011:3-5]
Zha YP,Hong CH,Wang YX,et al.Effect of the meteorological factors in different non-gall period on the gall number of Kaburagia rhusicola[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,2017,39(5):1114-1119.[查玉平,洪承昊,王义勋,等.瘿外不同时期的气象因子对肚倍蚜致瘿数量的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(5):1114-1119]