基于FDS和EVACNET4模拟的大型商业广场火灾模拟与安全疏散研究
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摘要
根据大型商业广场面积巨大、功能复杂、人员密集等特点,选取某大型商业广场地下1层、地下2层作为研究对象.选择防火分区面积超标、火灾负荷较大的区域作为设定的火灾场景,利用FDS和EVACNET4软件对设定场景进行火灾烟气和人员疏散模拟.结果表明,安全余量时间较少,在火灾发生时,疏散路线上应急照明缺电、疏散通道堵塞或疏散门被锁死,有可能发生人员伤亡事件;在设计的消防设施有效的条件下,所有设定火灾场景的人员都能安全疏散.
According to the characteristics of commercial square such as huge area,complex functions and intensive personnel,the underground and underground two floors of a large commercial square are selected as the object of study.A fire area with excessive fire area and large fire load was selected as the set fire scene.For the set fire scene,FDS and EVACNET4 software are used to simulate fire smoke simulation and pedestrian evacuation.The simulation results show that when the fire occurs,the emergency lighting on the evacuation route,the evacuation channel blocked or the evacuation door locked,there may be casualties.The simulation results also show that under the effective conditions of the designed fire fighting facilities,all the people in the set fire scene can be safely evacuated
According to the characteristics of commercial square such as huge area,complex functions and intensive personnel,the underground and underground two floors of a large commercial square are selected as the object of study.A fire area with excessive fire area and large fire load was selected as the set fire scene.For the set fire scene,FDS and EVACNET4 software are used to simulate fire smoke simulation and pedestrian evacuation.The simulation results show that when the fire occurs,the emergency lighting on the evacuation route,the evacuation channel blocked or the evacuation door locked,there may be casualties.The simulation results also show that under the effective conditions of the designed fire fighting facilities,all the people in the set fire scene can be safely evacuated
引文
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4 National Fire Protection Association.NFPA 101-2009,Life Safety Code[S].Quincy,MA:Professional Safety,2009:205-220.
5 Ramsay C,Rudolph L.Firecalc Fire Safety Calculation Programs[R].Australia:Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research,1991:25-29.
6 中华人民共和国公安部.GB50016-2014建筑设计防火规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014:21-23.
7 Mcgrattan K B,Hostikka S,Floyd J E.Fire Dynamics Simulator(Version 5)User's Guide[M].Washington:Nist Special Publication,2007:206-207.