基于低层云的新疆城市区域人工增水潜力分析
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摘要
基于2003—2007年CERES SSF Aqua MODIS Edition 2B/2C数据集,利用Surfur、IDL等软件对低层云量、水云云水柱含量、水云粒子半径、冰云云水柱含量和冰云粒子等效直径等低层云参量多年高值的空间分布、季节变化进行了综合分析,重点探讨了新疆城市地区云水资源潜力。结果发现:研究区域的低层云参量多年平均值的高值分布在三大山区,低值分布在塔克拉玛干沙漠;部分典型的干旱城市也出现了低云参量的高值区,例如和田、克拉玛依、哈密;在吐鲁番地区春夏季冰云云水柱含量和冰云粒子等效直径多年均值高于秋冬季,有利于春夏季进行人工增水。
The ways of defining the potential areas of lower layer cloud resources was discussed by analyzing the parameters of lower layer clouds including coverage,liquid water path,ice water path,liquid particle radius and ice particle effective diameter based on CERES SSF Aqua MODIS Edition 2B/2C cloud data from CERES of NASA EOS from December,2002 to December,2007.According to the different multi-year average values of the parameters,the high value areas of the five parameters are generally located in the mountains and low-value areas are located in the basins with deserts.What should be noticed is that some areas got the lowest values of the multi-year average but their liquid water path and water particle radius are high enough to try artificial rainfall,especially in spring and summer.
The ways of defining the potential areas of lower layer cloud resources was discussed by analyzing the parameters of lower layer clouds including coverage,liquid water path,ice water path,liquid particle radius and ice particle effective diameter based on CERES SSF Aqua MODIS Edition 2B/2C cloud data from CERES of NASA EOS from December,2002 to December,2007.According to the different multi-year average values of the parameters,the high value areas of the five parameters are generally located in the mountains and low-value areas are located in the basins with deserts.What should be noticed is that some areas got the lowest values of the multi-year average but their liquid water path and water particle radius are high enough to try artificial rainfall,especially in spring and summer.
引文
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[2]Minnis P,Young D F,Sun-Mack S,et al.CERESCloud Property Retrievals from Imagers on TRMM,Terra,and Aqua[R].Barcelona,Spain:SPIE 10th In-tl.Symp Remote Sens.,Cloud and Atmos.,2003.
[3]丁守国,石广玉,赵春生.利用ISCCPD2资料分析近20年全球不同云类云量的变化及其对气候可能的影响[J].科学通报,2004,49(11):1105-1111.
[4]宜树华,刘洪利,李维亮,等.中国西北地区云时空分布特征的初步分析[J].气象,2003,29(1):7-11.
[5]陈勇航,黄建平,王天河,等.西北地区不同类型云的时空分布及其与降水的关系[J].应用气象学报,2005,16(6):717-727.
[6]Su Wenying,Bodas-Salcedo A,Xu Kuan-Man,et al.Comparison of the tropical radiative flux and cloud radia-tive effect profiles in a climate model with Clouds and theEarth's Radiant Energy System(CERES)data[J].Jour-nal of Geophysical Research,2010,115(D1)D01105.
[7]王玉洁,黄建平.一次沙尘暴过程中沙尘气溶胶对云物理参量和辐射强迫的影响[J].干旱气象,2006,24(3):14-18.
[8]贾璇,王文彩,陈勇航,等.华北地区沙尘气溶胶对云辐射强迫的影响[J].环境科学,2010,30(8):1009-1014.
[9]陈勇航,白鸿涛,黄建平.西北典型区域云对地气系统的辐射强迫研究[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(2):97-101.
[10]Chen Yonghang,Peng Kuanjun,Huang Jianping,etal.Seasonal and regional variability of cloud liquid wa-ter path in northwestern China derived from MODIS/CERES observations[J].International Journal of Re-mote Sensing,2010,31(4):1037-1042.
[11]Chen Yonghang,Bai Hongtao,Huang Jianping,et al.Seasonal variability of Cloud Optical Depth over North-western China derived from CERES/MODIS SatelliteMeasurements[J].Chinese Optics Letters,2008,6(4):454-457.
[12]程肖侠,方建刚,孙娴,等.陕西省可利用降水资源的气候变化特征及敏感性分析[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(5):45-51.
[13]李积明,黄建平,衣育红,等.利用星载激光雷达资料研究东亚地区云垂直分布的统计特征[J].大气科学,2009,33(4):698-707.
[14]袁再健,沈彦俊,褚英敏,等.海河流域近40年来降水和气温变化趋势及其空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(3):24-27.
[15]阿丽亚.拜都热拉,邱学兴,陈勇航,等.新疆山区低层冰云云水资源初探[J].资源科学,2011,33(9):1727-1734.
[16]张来章,党维勤,徐成.水土保持补偿机制中存在问题及其建议与对策[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(6):184-189.
[17]奚秀梅,树国.塔里木河中游径流量损耗特征及原因分析[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(3):34-38.
[18]Platt C M R,Harsh V.Temperature dependence ofcirrus extinction:implications for climate feedback[J].Geophys.Res.,1988,93(11):11051-11058.
[19]Heyms F,Andrew J,Carl S,et al.Effective radius ofice cloud particle populations derived from aircraftprobes[J].Atmos.Oceanic Technol.,2006,23(1):361-380.
[20]M D.King,S E,Platnick,Menghua Wang.MODISAlgorithm Theoretical Basis Document No.ATBD-MOD-05,MOD06-Cloud product,Version 5[M].NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.USA.1997:11-12.
[21]Erika B G,Richard N G,David P K,et al.Clouds andthe Earth′s Radiant Energy System(CERES),DataManagement System,Single Satellite Footprint TOA/Surface Fluxes and Clouds(SSF)Collection Document,Version 1[M].NASA Langley Research Center Cli-mate Science Branch Science Directorate,Hampton.2003:81-82.