社区参与乡村旅游发展模式及启示——以浙江省遂昌县“公社模式”为例
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摘要
社区参与乡村旅游,能丰富乡村旅游经营模式,促进乡村旅游可持续发展。遂昌县"公社模式",通过强化村民组织化水平,提升社区参与的有效性,实现当地村民在乡村旅游发展过程中的多维参与,其突出特点在于村级农家乐协会、乡级农业合作社、县乡村各级基层政府有着相对合理的角色定位。以山地乡村为代表的后进地区发展乡村旅游,应多渠道打开社区参与途径,发挥乡村各级基层组织的引导作用,以村民的主导性参与为主,并关注社区参与的有效性,把乡村旅游作为"第一副业"。
Community participation is an effective way to enrich operational modes and achieve sustainable development of rural tourism. Through upgrading organizational capacity of villagers, enhancing the effectiveness of community participation and multi-dimensional participation of local villagers in the process of rural tourism development, Suichang has formed a "Commune Model" in rural tourism. It is featured by relatively reasonable role positioning of farmer household tourism associations at village level, agricultural cooperatives at township level, and grass-roots governments at county, township and village levels. Underdeveloped areas represented by mountainous villages should be offered multiple channels for community participation, with guidance from grass-roots governments,initiated by villager participation. Attention should be paid to the effectiveness of community participation under the purpose of developing rural tourism into"the first sideline".
Community participation is an effective way to enrich operational modes and achieve sustainable development of rural tourism. Through upgrading organizational capacity of villagers, enhancing the effectiveness of community participation and multi-dimensional participation of local villagers in the process of rural tourism development, Suichang has formed a "Commune Model" in rural tourism. It is featured by relatively reasonable role positioning of farmer household tourism associations at village level, agricultural cooperatives at township level, and grass-roots governments at county, township and village levels. Underdeveloped areas represented by mountainous villages should be offered multiple channels for community participation, with guidance from grass-roots governments,initiated by villager participation. Attention should be paid to the effectiveness of community participation under the purpose of developing rural tourism into"the first sideline".
引文
[1]遂昌县统计年鉴2018[M].遂昌:遂昌县统计局,2018:99-101.
[2]周永广,江一帆,陈鼎文.中国山村旅游开发模式探索——以浙江省遂昌县“公社模式”为例[J].农业经济问题,2011(11):37.
[3]于秋芳.战后日本农协发展史研究[D].南京:南京农业大学中华农业文明研究院,2009:139.
[4]张颖.北京郊区乡村旅游市场需求的调查与分析[J].温州职业技术学院学报,2011(1):47.
[5]蔡碧凡,俞益武,张建国.浙江乡村旅游社区参与三种典型模式比较研究[J].乡村旅游研究,2011(1).
[6]张亚卿,丁亚周,易兰兰.休闲农业和乡村旅游发展条件探析[J].南方农业,2018(11):119.
[7]黄军杰.浙江后进地区乡村“内生式发展”新范式的探索——以丽水市三个乡村旅游业的发展为例[J].湖州师范学院学报,2017(5):22.
[8]黄宗智.中国农业发展的三大模式:行政、放任与合作的利与弊[J].开放时代,2017(1).
[9]宋林飞.费孝通先生的富民主张及其理论探索[J].江苏社会科学,2010(6):26.
(1)该规划书由浙江大学旅游研究所、浙江教育学院资环学院、遂昌县风景旅游局等单位联合编制,规划资质为:旅资乙18-2004。浙江大学周永广教授、浙江教育学院张环宇教授等业内专家领衔参与编制规划书全过程。在该规划书通过评审论证之后,遂昌县即从2007年开始按该规划书发展乡村旅游。
(1)如浙江省青田县颜宅村,其基本情况与高坪乡相似,从2015年开始,仿照遂昌县“公社模式”发展乡村旅游,取得了较好的成绩。
(2)“半工半农”家庭是指目前中国农村比较普遍存在的一类小农户家庭,这类家庭往往存在这样的特征:家庭中有部分劳力走出乡村打工,但其本身“离土不离乡”,仍属农村人口。
[2]周永广,江一帆,陈鼎文.中国山村旅游开发模式探索——以浙江省遂昌县“公社模式”为例[J].农业经济问题,2011(11):37.
[3]于秋芳.战后日本农协发展史研究[D].南京:南京农业大学中华农业文明研究院,2009:139.
[4]张颖.北京郊区乡村旅游市场需求的调查与分析[J].温州职业技术学院学报,2011(1):47.
[5]蔡碧凡,俞益武,张建国.浙江乡村旅游社区参与三种典型模式比较研究[J].乡村旅游研究,2011(1).
[6]张亚卿,丁亚周,易兰兰.休闲农业和乡村旅游发展条件探析[J].南方农业,2018(11):119.
[7]黄军杰.浙江后进地区乡村“内生式发展”新范式的探索——以丽水市三个乡村旅游业的发展为例[J].湖州师范学院学报,2017(5):22.
[8]黄宗智.中国农业发展的三大模式:行政、放任与合作的利与弊[J].开放时代,2017(1).
[9]宋林飞.费孝通先生的富民主张及其理论探索[J].江苏社会科学,2010(6):26.
(1)该规划书由浙江大学旅游研究所、浙江教育学院资环学院、遂昌县风景旅游局等单位联合编制,规划资质为:旅资乙18-2004。浙江大学周永广教授、浙江教育学院张环宇教授等业内专家领衔参与编制规划书全过程。在该规划书通过评审论证之后,遂昌县即从2007年开始按该规划书发展乡村旅游。
(1)如浙江省青田县颜宅村,其基本情况与高坪乡相似,从2015年开始,仿照遂昌县“公社模式”发展乡村旅游,取得了较好的成绩。
(2)“半工半农”家庭是指目前中国农村比较普遍存在的一类小农户家庭,这类家庭往往存在这样的特征:家庭中有部分劳力走出乡村打工,但其本身“离土不离乡”,仍属农村人口。