绘画主题对儿童绘画水平影响的实证研究
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摘要
绘画是为儿童最容易接受和喜爱的一种静态艺术,儿童绘画以美学的形式表现儿童认知发展变化的痕迹。绘画的可塑性决定了其具有广阔的自由创造度,儿童通过绘画来表现对现实和想象的独特的理解,既可以表现丰富的情感世界,也可以表现现实的空间世界。研究结果发现:(1)二年级、四年级和六年级儿童的绘画表现出不同年龄段所具有的独特的特点,随着他们年龄的增长,绘画变得更复杂和写实;女生的绘画水平均显著高于男生。(2)不同主题的儿童绘画存在年级差异,二年级儿童家庭图的得分高于学校图,六年级儿童的学校图的得分高于家庭图,而四年级儿童这两种主题绘画的得分大致相同。(3)在两种主题的绘画里均表现出明显的性别差异,女生的绘画比男生要包含更多的细节,更注意修饰,画面表达强烈的情绪色彩。
Painting was the easiest way to accept and love artistic form for children. Children's drawings expressed the stage of cognitive development in the form of aesthetics. They used the symbols or images to express the subjective imagination,thought,emotion and space world. The results showed that:( 1) There were significant grade differences on children's drawings. Children of different grades had unique painting styles,their drawings tended to much more realistic and complex as they get older. Gender made a significant difference on drawing abilities,girls displayed better than boys.( 2) There were significant grade differences on painting themes,the second grade children displayed family drawings better than school drawings,the sixth grade children displayed school drawings better than family drawings,while the fourth grade children didn't make a significant difference between two painting themes.( 3) Gender made a significant difference on both of the two painting themes,girls displayed better than boys.
Painting was the easiest way to accept and love artistic form for children. Children's drawings expressed the stage of cognitive development in the form of aesthetics. They used the symbols or images to express the subjective imagination,thought,emotion and space world. The results showed that:( 1) There were significant grade differences on children's drawings. Children of different grades had unique painting styles,their drawings tended to much more realistic and complex as they get older. Gender made a significant difference on drawing abilities,girls displayed better than boys.( 2) There were significant grade differences on painting themes,the second grade children displayed family drawings better than school drawings,the sixth grade children displayed school drawings better than family drawings,while the fourth grade children didn't make a significant difference between two painting themes.( 3) Gender made a significant difference on both of the two painting themes,girls displayed better than boys.
引文
[1]LS Liben,RM Downs.Investigating and facilitating children's graphic,geographic,and spatial development:An illustration of Rodney R.Cocking's legacy[J].Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology,2003(6):663-679.
[2]Maria,A,T,Paolo,V.Symbolic Prototypes in Children's Drawings of Schools[J].Journal of Genetic Psychology.1991(2):179-190.
[3]Koppitz,E.M.Psychological evaluation of children’s human drawings[M].New York:Crune and Stratton,1968.
[2]Maria,A,T,Paolo,V.Symbolic Prototypes in Children's Drawings of Schools[J].Journal of Genetic Psychology.1991(2):179-190.
[3]Koppitz,E.M.Psychological evaluation of children’s human drawings[M].New York:Crune and Stratton,1968.