添加RDX粉末的乳化炸药的爆炸特性
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摘要
为了满足金属箔爆炸焊接对低临界厚度炸药的需求,将RDX粉末引入乳化炸药得到混合炸药,通过水下爆炸实验、爆速测量实验以及猛度测试实验,研究了RDX含量对混合炸药爆轰性能的影响。结果表明,随着RDX含量的增加,混合炸药的临界厚度显著降低,RDX质量分数为0、5%、10%、15%和20%时,临界厚度分别为(5.9±0.1)、(4.8±0.1)、(4.1±0.1)、(3.7±0.1)、(3.3±0.1) mm;不同R D X含量时的临界爆速基本保持不变,约为2500m/s。水下爆炸的所有能量输出参数(冲击波超压峰值、比冲击波能、比气泡能、总能量)均随RDX含量的增加而增加;与未添加RDX的乳化炸药相比,添加质量分数5%、10%、15%和20%的RDX时,混合炸药距离爆炸中心1.0m处冲击波超压峰值分别增加3.8%、7.4%、12.7%和17.3%,总能量分别增加7.2%、16.8%、22.2%和26.4%;混合炸药的猛度也随着RDX含量的增加而增加,RDX质量分数为0、5%、10%、15%和20%时,猛度分别为0.25、0.31、0. 35、0.37和0.42,当R D X含量较低时,猛度增加趋势更为显著。因此,该混合炸药可用于金属箔的爆炸焊接。
In order to satisfy the demand of reducing critical thickness for explosives applied to metal foil explosion welding,the mixed explosives were obtained by introducing RDX powder into emulsion explosives. The effects of RDX content on the detonation performance of mixed explosives were studied by underwater explosion experiment, detonation velocity test and explosive brisance test. The results showthat the critical thickness of mixed explosive decreases significantly with the increase of RDX content. For mixed explosives with RDX mass fraction of 0,5%,10%,15% and 20%,the value of critical thickness was(5.9±0.1),(4.8±0.1),(4.1±0.1),(3.7±0.1) and(3.3±0.1) mm, respectively,while the critical detonation velo city basically remains unchanged at a value of about 2500 m/s. All energy output parameters of underwater explosion such as shock overpressure peak, specific shock energy, specific bubble energy, and total energy increase with the increase of RDX content. After adding 5%, 10%,15% and 20% RDX, the shock overpresure peak at 1.0 m from the explosion center increase by 3.8%, 7.4%, 12.7% and 17.3%, respectively, and the total energy increase by 7.2%, 16.8%, 22.2% and 26.4% simultaneously. The bisance of the mixed explosive also increases with the RDX content,and it is more significant within a lower RDX content range. When the mass fraction of RDX are 0, 5%, 10%,15% and 20%,the brisance of the mixed explosives are 0.25, 0.31, 0.35, 0.37 and 0.42, respectively. Therefore, the mixed explosive is available for explosive welding of metal foil.
In order to satisfy the demand of reducing critical thickness for explosives applied to metal foil explosion welding,the mixed explosives were obtained by introducing RDX powder into emulsion explosives. The effects of RDX content on the detonation performance of mixed explosives were studied by underwater explosion experiment, detonation velocity test and explosive brisance test. The results showthat the critical thickness of mixed explosive decreases significantly with the increase of RDX content. For mixed explosives with RDX mass fraction of 0,5%,10%,15% and 20%,the value of critical thickness was(5.9±0.1),(4.8±0.1),(4.1±0.1),(3.7±0.1) and(3.3±0.1) mm, respectively,while the critical detonation velo city basically remains unchanged at a value of about 2500 m/s. All energy output parameters of underwater explosion such as shock overpressure peak, specific shock energy, specific bubble energy, and total energy increase with the increase of RDX content. After adding 5%, 10%,15% and 20% RDX, the shock overpresure peak at 1.0 m from the explosion center increase by 3.8%, 7.4%, 12.7% and 17.3%, respectively, and the total energy increase by 7.2%, 16.8%, 22.2% and 26.4% simultaneously. The bisance of the mixed explosive also increases with the RDX content,and it is more significant within a lower RDX content range. When the mass fraction of RDX are 0, 5%, 10%,15% and 20%,the brisance of the mixed explosives are 0.25, 0.31, 0.35, 0.37 and 0.42, respectively. Therefore, the mixed explosive is available for explosive welding of metal foil.
引文
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[19]林谋金,马宏昊,沈兆武,等.RDX基铝纤维炸药水下爆炸的能量分析[J].火炸药学报,2013,36(1):17-20,25.LIN Mou-jin,MA Hong-hao,SHEN Z hao-wu,et al.A-nalysis on explosion energy of aluminum fiber explosive on underwater detonation[J].C hinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants(Huoz hayao Xuebao),2013,36(1):17-20,25.
[20]Cheng Y F,Ma H H,Liu R,et al.Explosion power and pressure desensitization resisting property of emulsion explosives sensitized by MgH2[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2014,32(3):207-218.
[2]郑远谋.爆炸焊接和爆炸复合材料的原理及应用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2007.
[3]Wronka B.Testing of explosive welding and welded joints.Wavy character of the process and joint quality[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2011,38(5):309-313.
[4]Blazynski TZ.Implosively manufactured composite multilayered foil cylinders and tubular transition joints[J].Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik,1989,20(8):262-271.
[5]Zhou Q,Feng J R,Chen P W.Numerical and experimental studies on the explosive welding of tungsten foil to copper[J].Materials,2017,10(9):984.
[6]Hokamoto K,Nakata K,Mori A,et al.Dissimilar material welding of rapidly solidified foil and stainless steel plate using underwater explosive welding technique[J].Journal of A lloys and C ompounds,2009,472(1/2):507-511.
[7]Sun W,Li X J,Yan H H,et al.Effect of initial hardness on interfacial features in underwater explosive welding of tool steel SKS3[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2014,23(2):421-428.
[8]Fan MY,Yu WW,Wang WT,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of thin-multilayer Ti/Al laminates prepared by one-step explosive bonding[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2017,26(1):277-284.
[9]Morizono Y,Yamaguchi T,Tsurekawa S.Aluminizing of high-carbon steel by explosive welding and subsequent heat treatment[J].ISIJ International,2015,55(1):272-277.
[10]Andreevskikh L A,Dendenkov Y P,Drennov O B,et al.Explosive mixture for explosive welding of thin foils[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2011,36(1):48-50.
[11]Andreevskikh L A,Dendenkov Y P,Drennov O B,et al.Explosive mixtures for explosive welding of thin foils:part 2.R D X-baking soda mixtures[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2011,36(5):430-432.
[12]周国安,马宏昊,沈兆武,等.以黏土颗粒为惰性剂的低爆速乳化炸药爆炸性能及爆轰机理[J].火炸药学报,2018,41(3):289-293,302.Z HO U Guo-an,MA Hong-hao,SHEN Z hao-wu,et al.D etonation properties and mechanism of lowdetonation velocity emulsion explosives with clay particles as the inert agents[J].C hinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao),2018,41(3):289-293,302.
[13]Sil’vestrov V V,Plastinin A V.Investigation of lowdetonation velocity emulsion explosives[J].C ombustion,Explosion and Shock Waves,2009,45(5):618-626.
[14]Cheng Y F,Meng X R,Feng C T,et al.The effect of the hydrogen containing material Ti H2on the detonation characteristics of emulsion explosives[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2017,42(6):585-591.
[15]Cheng Y F,Ma H H,Shen Z W.Detonation characteristics of emulsion explosives sensitized by MgH2[J].Combustion,Explosion and Shock Waves,2013,49(5):614-619.
[16]Araos M,Onederra I.Detonation characteristics of a N O x-free mining explosive based on sensitised mixtures of lowconcentration hydrogen peroxide and fuel[J].C entral European Journal of Energetic Materials,2017,14(4):759-774.
[17]Wood WW,Kirkwood J G.Diameter effect in condensed explosives.The relation between velocity and radius of curvature of the detonation wave[J].The Journal of C hemical Physics,1954,22(11):1920-1924.
[18]张宝平.爆轰物理学[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2001.
[19]林谋金,马宏昊,沈兆武,等.RDX基铝纤维炸药水下爆炸的能量分析[J].火炸药学报,2013,36(1):17-20,25.LIN Mou-jin,MA Hong-hao,SHEN Z hao-wu,et al.A-nalysis on explosion energy of aluminum fiber explosive on underwater detonation[J].C hinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants(Huoz hayao Xuebao),2013,36(1):17-20,25.
[20]Cheng Y F,Ma H H,Liu R,et al.Explosion power and pressure desensitization resisting property of emulsion explosives sensitized by MgH2[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2014,32(3):207-218.