基于机电相似性理论的车辆机电悬架动态性能研究
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摘要
为了探索新型悬架的实现形式与隔振潜能,根据机电相似性理论设计了一种新型车辆机电悬架系统,以四分之一车辆悬架模型作为研究对象,搭建了悬架系统的动力学模型,给出了具体的结构实现方案,并采用鱼群算法对机电悬架系统中的元件参数进行优化求解。仿真结果表明,相较于传统被动悬架,新型机电悬架系统的隔振性能得到有效改善,其中,车身加速度均方根值减小5. 27%,悬架动行程均方根值减小22. 72%,轮胎动载荷均方根值也略有减小。最后,研究了电机电感与电阻对悬架动力学性能指标的影响规律,分析表明,当考虑电机电感与电阻因素时,悬架的动态性能指标均有所增加,其中,对车身加速度均方值影响较小,而对悬架动行程均方根值和轮胎动载荷均方根值的影响较大。台架试验结果进一步验证了理论分析的正确性。
In order to explore the new type of vehicle suspension and its vibration isolation performance, a new type of vehicle mechatronic suspension system was proposed by electromechanical similarity theory. The detailed structure of the suspension was given and the dynamic model was built based on a quarter car model. The parameters of the new vehicle mechatronic suspension were optimized by means of the fish swarm algorithm,and the results showed that the vibration isolation performance of the new mechatronic suspension were notably improved,comparing to the traditional passive suspension. The RMS(root-mean-square) of the vehicle body acceleration decreased by 5. 27 %,the RMS of the suspension deflection decreased by 22. 72 %,and the RMS of the dynamic tire load also slightly decreased. At last,the effect of the motor inductor and resistor on the suspension dynamic performance was analyzed. Results indicated that the performance indexes increased by motor inductor and resistor,the effect of motor inductor and resistor on RMS of the vehicle body acceleration is small,but the impact on RMs of suspension deflection and dynamic tire load is relatively large. The theoretical conclusion was verified by the experimental results.
In order to explore the new type of vehicle suspension and its vibration isolation performance, a new type of vehicle mechatronic suspension system was proposed by electromechanical similarity theory. The detailed structure of the suspension was given and the dynamic model was built based on a quarter car model. The parameters of the new vehicle mechatronic suspension were optimized by means of the fish swarm algorithm,and the results showed that the vibration isolation performance of the new mechatronic suspension were notably improved,comparing to the traditional passive suspension. The RMS(root-mean-square) of the vehicle body acceleration decreased by 5. 27 %,the RMS of the suspension deflection decreased by 22. 72 %,and the RMS of the dynamic tire load also slightly decreased. At last,the effect of the motor inductor and resistor on the suspension dynamic performance was analyzed. Results indicated that the performance indexes increased by motor inductor and resistor,the effect of motor inductor and resistor on RMS of the vehicle body acceleration is small,but the impact on RMs of suspension deflection and dynamic tire load is relatively large. The theoretical conclusion was verified by the experimental results.
引文
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[3]曹民,刘为,喻凡.车辆主动悬架用电机作动器的研制[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(11):224-228.
[4]陈龙,周孔亢,李德超.半主动悬架与整车性能匹配研究[J].机械工程学报,2002,38(3):113-116.
[5]黄晨,陈龙,袁朝春,等.半主动悬架系统的混合模糊控制[J].汽车工程,2014,36(8):999-1018.
[6] SMITH M C,WANG F C. Performance benefits in passive vehicle suspensions employing inerters[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics,2004,42(4):235-257.
[7]张孝良,陈龙,聂佳梅,等. 2级串联型ISD悬架频响特性分析与试验[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(3):255-258.
[8]杨晓峰,沈钰杰,陈龙,等.基于动力吸振理论的车辆ISD悬架设计与性能分析[J].汽车工程,2014,36(10):1311-1315.
[9] SMITH M C. Synthesis of mechanical networks:the inerter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control,2002,47(10):1648-1662.
[10]陈星,罗虹,邓兆祥.直线电机馈能悬架控制系统设计与馈能分析[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(8):124-129.
[11]于长淼,王伟华,王庆年.馈能悬架阻尼特性及其影响因素[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2010,40(6):1482-1486.
[12]刘松山,王庆年,王伟华.电磁馈能悬架非线性阻尼特性仿真分析[J].汽车工程,2014,36(12):1528-1533.
[13]喻凡,张勇超,张国光.车辆电磁悬架技术综述[J].汽车工程,2012,34(7):569-574.
[14] GONZALEZBUELGA A,CLARE L R,NEILD S A,et al. An electromagnetic inerter-based vibration suppression device[J]. Smart Material Structures,2015,24(5):1-10.
[15]张春生,冯占宗,韩庆,等.机电悬挂惯容特性及影响研究[J].车辆与动力技术,2017,(3):32-35.
[16]陈龙,沈钰杰,杨晓峰,等.基于惯容器-弹簧结构体系的车辆悬架结构设计与试验[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(22):83-87.
[17]喻凡,林逸.汽车系统动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008:146-149.