交往与互助:长征时期中共对宁夏回族的社会动员研究
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摘要
宁夏是长征期间四支红军均经过的战略要地。在进入宁夏回族聚居地之前,中共领导人对宁夏境内的民族形势与社会政治状况进行了深入的了解,从而制定了正确的纪律和民族政策。这些政策的实行不但打破了国民党针对中共及工农红军的反动宣传,改变了宁夏回族各阶级、各阶层对中国共产党和工农红军的印象,使宁夏的回族民众对中共、红军有了全新的认识,为红军通过宁夏回族区域减少了阻力;而且通过对宁夏回族各阶级阶层广泛的社会动员,取得了宁夏宗教上层人士和广大群众的支持,从而增强了革命力量。
Ningxia was a strategic area that four branches of the Red Army all had gone through in the Long March period. Before entering this Hui habitation area,the leaders of the Communist Party of China had made a indepth investigation about the situations of all nationalities in Ningxia and their social political conditions,and therefore made correct military disciplines and policies in the area. The implementation of these policies not only broke Kuo Min Tang's reactionary propaganda aiming at CPC and Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army,changed the impression of Ningxia Hui people in various classes and stratum upon CPC and the Red Army,helped Hui people form a new recognition to CPC and the Red Army,and reduced the resistance in the way when they went through Ningxia,but also won support from the religious glitterati and common people and strengthened revolutionary power.
Ningxia was a strategic area that four branches of the Red Army all had gone through in the Long March period. Before entering this Hui habitation area,the leaders of the Communist Party of China had made a indepth investigation about the situations of all nationalities in Ningxia and their social political conditions,and therefore made correct military disciplines and policies in the area. The implementation of these policies not only broke Kuo Min Tang's reactionary propaganda aiming at CPC and Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army,changed the impression of Ningxia Hui people in various classes and stratum upon CPC and the Red Army,helped Hui people form a new recognition to CPC and the Red Army,and reduced the resistance in the way when they went through Ningxia,but also won support from the religious glitterati and common people and strengthened revolutionary power.
引文
[1]胡绳.中国共产党的七十年[M].北京:中共党史出版社,1991.
[2]中共中央统战部.民族问题文献汇编(1921. 7—1949. 9)[G].北京:中共中央党校出版社,1991.
[3]中央党史研究室第一研究部,中共中央党史研究室科研管理部.红色铁流:红军长征全录下(下)[M].北京:中共党史出版社,2006.
[4]陈育宁.宁夏通史[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2008.
[5]红军长征在宁夏——档案史料汇编[G].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2017.
[6]薛正昌.红军长征西征在宁夏[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2009.
[7]红色中华[N]. 1936-10-28.
[8]习近平.习近平谈治国理政(第二卷)[N].北京:外文出版社,2017.
(1)代表性的成果有张文琳:《论红军长征在甘、宁期间对回族施行的政策》,载《民族研究》1996年第6期;李正纲、郭全忠:《长征中民族政策在宁夏回民聚居区的伟大胜利》,载《西北第二民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》1997年第1期;杨淑珍:《红军长征对宁夏回族聚居区的深远影响》,载《回族研究》2006年第4期;刘志青:《三大主力红军会师时间地点考》,载《军事历史研究》2013年第4期,等等。
(2)1924年第二次直奉战争爆发后,马鸿逵任讨逆军独立骑兵前敌副总指挥兼绥远援军司令,追随直系卷入直奉军阀混战。冯玉祥任西北边防督办后,马鸿逵部纳入西北军建制,马鸿逵被任命为国民军新编第七师师长。马鸿逵率军回宁,遭到马鸿宾的拒绝使其部队在宁夏磴口一带暂驻好几个月,人马损失惨重。
[2]中共中央统战部.民族问题文献汇编(1921. 7—1949. 9)[G].北京:中共中央党校出版社,1991.
[3]中央党史研究室第一研究部,中共中央党史研究室科研管理部.红色铁流:红军长征全录下(下)[M].北京:中共党史出版社,2006.
[4]陈育宁.宁夏通史[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2008.
[5]红军长征在宁夏——档案史料汇编[G].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2017.
[6]薛正昌.红军长征西征在宁夏[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2009.
[7]红色中华[N]. 1936-10-28.
[8]习近平.习近平谈治国理政(第二卷)[N].北京:外文出版社,2017.
(1)代表性的成果有张文琳:《论红军长征在甘、宁期间对回族施行的政策》,载《民族研究》1996年第6期;李正纲、郭全忠:《长征中民族政策在宁夏回民聚居区的伟大胜利》,载《西北第二民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》1997年第1期;杨淑珍:《红军长征对宁夏回族聚居区的深远影响》,载《回族研究》2006年第4期;刘志青:《三大主力红军会师时间地点考》,载《军事历史研究》2013年第4期,等等。
(2)1924年第二次直奉战争爆发后,马鸿逵任讨逆军独立骑兵前敌副总指挥兼绥远援军司令,追随直系卷入直奉军阀混战。冯玉祥任西北边防督办后,马鸿逵部纳入西北军建制,马鸿逵被任命为国民军新编第七师师长。马鸿逵率军回宁,遭到马鸿宾的拒绝使其部队在宁夏磴口一带暂驻好几个月,人马损失惨重。