高放废物黏土岩/泥岩地质处置库因格井坳陷有利地段筛选
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摘要
为了在内蒙古巴音戈壁盆地因格井坳陷圈定我国高放废物黏土岩/泥岩地质处置库有利地段,从围岩的矿物组成特征、力学性能、导水性能及含水率对因格井坳陷巴音戈壁组上段上、下两层泥岩进行初步分析。结果表明:泥岩赋存深度和连续厚度符合选址标准,主要矿物百分比差异明显。上层泥岩主要矿物组分为方沸石、黏土矿物和碳酸盐矿物(主要为白云石及铁白云石),下层泥岩矿物组分则主要为碳酸盐矿物(主要为白云石及铁白云石)、方沸石和黏土矿物;单轴抗压强度方面,上层泥岩接近瑞士Opalinus黏土岩和法国Callovo-Oxfordian黏土岩,下层泥岩则远高于国外黏土岩;上、下层泥岩为极微透水岩体,含水率变化范围均低于国外黏土岩含水率变化范围。叠加坳陷钻孔连井剖面图、泥岩层顶底板等厚线等,最终在因格井坳陷圈定两处高放废物黏土岩/泥岩地质处置库有利地段,即有利地段Ⅰ(上层泥岩,泥岩赋存深度为300～550m)和有利地段Ⅱ(下层泥岩,泥岩赋存深度为400～800m)。
In order to determine favorable areas for claystone/mudstone geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste(HLW)in Yingejing sag,Bayingebi Basin and Inner Mongolia,preliminary analyses such as mineral composition characteristics,mechanical properties,hydraulic properties and water content are carried out on the upper and lower layers of mudstone in upper Bayingebi formation of Yingejing sag.Results show that the occurrence depth and continuous thickness of mudstone meet the requirements of the site selection criteria.The upper mudstone are mainly composed of analcime,clay minerals and carbonate minerals(dominated by dolomite and ankerite)while the lower are mainly consisted of carbonate minerals(dominated by dolomite and ankerite),analcime and clay minerals.Both of them are different from the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone in France.In terms of uniaxial compressive strength,upper mudstone is close to the Swiss Opalinus claystone and French Callovo-Oxfordian claystone,while lower mudstone has a much higher strength than foreign claystone.The upper and lower mudstones both belong to extremely micro-permeable rocks.The water contents of two layers mudstone are lower than that of foreign claystone,and the lower layer is lower than that of the upper layer.Combined with borehole profiles as well as contour map of the top and bottom of the mudstone layer,there are two favorable areas for HLW geological disposal repositories that can be determined in Yingejing sag.The favorable areaⅠ(the upper mudstone with a deposit depth of mudstone ranges from 300-550 m)and favorable areaⅡ(the lower mudstone with a deposit depth of mudstone ranges from 400-800 m).
In order to determine favorable areas for claystone/mudstone geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste(HLW)in Yingejing sag,Bayingebi Basin and Inner Mongolia,preliminary analyses such as mineral composition characteristics,mechanical properties,hydraulic properties and water content are carried out on the upper and lower layers of mudstone in upper Bayingebi formation of Yingejing sag.Results show that the occurrence depth and continuous thickness of mudstone meet the requirements of the site selection criteria.The upper mudstone are mainly composed of analcime,clay minerals and carbonate minerals(dominated by dolomite and ankerite)while the lower are mainly consisted of carbonate minerals(dominated by dolomite and ankerite),analcime and clay minerals.Both of them are different from the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone in France.In terms of uniaxial compressive strength,upper mudstone is close to the Swiss Opalinus claystone and French Callovo-Oxfordian claystone,while lower mudstone has a much higher strength than foreign claystone.The upper and lower mudstones both belong to extremely micro-permeable rocks.The water contents of two layers mudstone are lower than that of foreign claystone,and the lower layer is lower than that of the upper layer.Combined with borehole profiles as well as contour map of the top and bottom of the mudstone layer,there are two favorable areas for HLW geological disposal repositories that can be determined in Yingejing sag.The favorable areaⅠ(the upper mudstone with a deposit depth of mudstone ranges from 300-550 m)and favorable areaⅡ(the lower mudstone with a deposit depth of mudstone ranges from 400-800 m).
引文
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[17]王瑜,梁海安,胡清波,等.塔木素黏土岩矿物成分与弹性模量相关性研究[J].重庆建筑,2018,17(3):18-21.WANG Yu,LIANG Haian,HU Qinbo,et al.Study on correlation between mineral composition and elastic modulus of clay rock in Tamusu[J].Chongqing Architecture,2018,17(3):18-21.(in Chinese)
[2]王驹.高水平放射性废物地质处置:关键科学问题和相关进展[J].科技导报,2016,34(15):51-55.WANG Ju.Geological disposal of high level radioactive waste:key scientific issues and progress in China[J].Science&Technology Review,2016,34(15):51-55.(in Chinese)
[3]杨迎亚,刘晓东,刘平辉,等.基于层次分析法的高放废物处置库粘土岩预选区特性评价-以塔木素地区和陇东地区为例[J].资源环境与工程,2017,31(5):601-605.YANG Yingya,LIU Xiaodong,LIU Pinghui,et al.E-valuation of clay rock pre-selected site of high-level radioactive waste repository based on analytic hierarchy process:a case study of Tamusu region and Longdong area[J].Resources Environment&Engineering,2017,31(5):601-605.(in Chinese)
[4]张耀东.高放废物处置库-塔木素预选区巴音戈壁组上段粘土岩物质组成研究[D].南昌:东华理工大学,2016.ZHANG Yaodong.Study on clay formation of upper Bayingebi formation in Tamusu candidate area-high-level radioactive waste disposal repository[D].NanChang:East China University of Technology,2016.(in Chinese)
[5]潘自强,钱七虎.我国高放废物地质处置战略研究[J].中国核电,2013(3):194-196.PAN Ziqiang,QIAN Qihu.The geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste strategy research in our country[J].China Nuclear Power,2013(3):194-196.(in Chinese)
[6]张成勇,聂逢君,侯树仁,等.内蒙古巴音戈壁盆地塔木素地区砂岩型铀矿控制因素与成矿模式[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(1):140-147.ZHANG Chengyong,NIE Fengjun,HOU Shuren,et al.Ore-controlling factors and metallogenic model of Tamusu sandstone type uranium deposit in Bayingobi Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(1):140-147.(in Chinese)
[7]ANDRA.Activity report and sustainable development[R].Chatenay-Malabry Cedex:French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency,2014:14-54.
[8]GB 50487-2008.水利水电工程地质勘查规范[S].GB 50487-2008.Code for engineering geological investigation of water resources and hydropower[S].(in Chinese)
[9]WANG J,CHEN L,SU R,et al.The Beishan underground research laboratory for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in China:Planning,site selection,site characterization and in situ tests[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2018(10):411-435.
[10]凌辉,王驹,陈伟明.花岗岩天然屏障对放射性核素的阻滞性能模拟研究[J].中国科技论文,2017,12(21):2507-2511.LING Hui,WANG Ju,CHEN Weiming.Simulation study on retardation of nuclides by granite geological barriers[J].China Sciencepaper,2017,12(21):2507-2511.(in Chinese)
[11]王驹,苏锐,陈亮,等.论我国高放废物地质处置地下实验室发展战略[J].中国核电,2018,11(1):109-115.WANG Ju,SU Rui,CHEN Liang,et al.The development strategy of the underground research laboratory for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste in China[J].China Nuclear Power,2018,11(1):109-115.(in Chinese)
[12]KASBOHM J,PUSCH R,LAN N T,et al.Lab-scale performance of selected expandable clays under HLWrepository conditions[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,69(8):2569-2579.
[13]胡海洋.内蒙古塔木素地区粘土岩力学特性研究[D].南昌:东华理工大学,2014.HU Haiyang.Mechanical properties of clay rocks from Tamusu area[D].Nanchang:East China University of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)
[14]YVEN B,SSMMARTINO S,GEROUD Y,et al.Mineralogy texture and porosity of Callovo-Oxfordian claystones of the Meuse/Haute-Marne region(eastern Paris Basin)[J].Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France,2007,178:73-90.
[15]GAUCHER G,ROBELIN C,MATARY J M,et al.ANDRA underground research laboratory:interpretation of the mineralogical and geochemical data acquired in the Callovian-Oxfordian formation by investigative drilling[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2004(29):55-77.
[16]陈方明.鄂尔多斯盆地方沸石矿的发现及其吸附性能研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2015,44(3):13-16.CHEN Fangming.Discovery and adsorption performance of analcite ores in Ordos basin[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,2015,44(3):13-16.(in Chinese)
[17]王瑜,梁海安,胡清波,等.塔木素黏土岩矿物成分与弹性模量相关性研究[J].重庆建筑,2018,17(3):18-21.WANG Yu,LIANG Haian,HU Qinbo,et al.Study on correlation between mineral composition and elastic modulus of clay rock in Tamusu[J].Chongqing Architecture,2018,17(3):18-21.(in Chinese)