梯度升温地层中巷道风流温度分布计算研究
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摘要
以往巷道围岩与风流热交换计算都是基于围岩地层温度恒定为条件的,为考虑地层地温随深度连续变化对通风巷道风流温度分布的影响,引入风流与围岩热交换的广义换热系数的概念。为简化分析,在假设暂不考虑巷道热湿蒸发或风流湿度饱和,以及无局部热源的前提下,推导了在地层深度梯度升温场中井巷风流与围岩热交换微分方程,即在围岩恒温条件下风流与围岩热交换方程中增加一项地层升温项。对不同巷道情况分别进行求解,结果得到,在地温梯度升温条件下,如果巷道足够长,水平巷道的风流温度终将与地温趋于一致;对倾斜的通风巷道,风流升温率与地温升温率趋于一致,在风流与巷道围岩之间热交换达到稳定后存在一个温度差,称为滞后温差,且该温差随着风量增大而增大。研究为解决矿井地下3D网域通风系统中风流温度分布计算仿真提供算法基础。
In the past,the calculation of the heat exchange between the roadway surrounding rock and the airflow is on the basis of the constant temperature gradient of surrounding rock. In order to consider the influence of the continuous variation of the ground temperature on the airflow temperature distribution in ventilating roadways,a generalized concept of heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock is introduced. In order to simplify the analysis,the differential equation of the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock in the stratigraphic depth gradient temperature rise field is deduced under the assumption that the thermal and humidity evaporation,or the airflow humidity saturation in roadways will not be considered,and there is no local heat source. That is,in the differential equation for the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock under the condition that the temperature of surrounding rock is constant,a stratigraphic warming item is added. The equations in the roadways with various situations are solved respectively. The research results shows that under the condition of temperature gradient,if the roadway is long enough,the airflow temperature will be consistent with the ground temperature in the horizontal roadway,and the airflow temperature rise rate will be consistent with the temperature rise rate of the ground temperature in an inclined roadway. There will be a temperature difference when the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock is stable,and the temperaturedifference is called hysteretic temperature difference. The hysteretic temperature difference increases with the increase of air quantity. The study can provide algorithm foundation for solving the problem of airflow temperature distribution calculation and simulation in the underground 3 D ventilation system.
In the past,the calculation of the heat exchange between the roadway surrounding rock and the airflow is on the basis of the constant temperature gradient of surrounding rock. In order to consider the influence of the continuous variation of the ground temperature on the airflow temperature distribution in ventilating roadways,a generalized concept of heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock is introduced. In order to simplify the analysis,the differential equation of the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock in the stratigraphic depth gradient temperature rise field is deduced under the assumption that the thermal and humidity evaporation,or the airflow humidity saturation in roadways will not be considered,and there is no local heat source. That is,in the differential equation for the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock under the condition that the temperature of surrounding rock is constant,a stratigraphic warming item is added. The equations in the roadways with various situations are solved respectively. The research results shows that under the condition of temperature gradient,if the roadway is long enough,the airflow temperature will be consistent with the ground temperature in the horizontal roadway,and the airflow temperature rise rate will be consistent with the temperature rise rate of the ground temperature in an inclined roadway. There will be a temperature difference when the heat exchange between the airflow and the surrounding rock is stable,and the temperaturedifference is called hysteretic temperature difference. The hysteretic temperature difference increases with the increase of air quantity. The study can provide algorithm foundation for solving the problem of airflow temperature distribution calculation and simulation in the underground 3 D ventilation system.
引文
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[12]张兴凯,王英敏.火灾烟流与围岩间不稳定换热系数探讨[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),1996,17(1):1-4.ZHANG Xingkai,WANG Yingmin.On non-stable heat-exchange coefficient between smoke flow and tunnel rock[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),1996,17(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
[2]高建良,徐文,张学博.围岩散热风流温度、湿度计算时水分蒸发的处理[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):951-955.GAO Jianliang,XU Wen,ZHANG Xuebo.Surrounding the cooling wind temperature,humidity when calculated evaporation of water processing[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,35(2):201-205.(in Chinese)
[3]吴强,秦跃平,郭亮,等.掘进工作面围岩散热的有限元计算[J].中国安全科学学报,2002,12(6):33-36.WU Qiang,QIN Yueping,GUO Liang.Calculation of the heat emitting from the wall rock at drifting face with finite element method[J].China Safety Science Journal,2002,12(6):33-36.(in Chinese)
[4]高建良,杨明.巷道围岩温度分布及调热圈半径的影响因素分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,15(2):73-76.GAO Jianliang,YANG Ming.Analysis of the factors influencing temperature distribution of surrounding rock and cooled zone radius[J].China Safety Science Journal,2005,15(2):73-76.(in Chinese)
[5]孔祥强,谢方静,陈喜山,等.围岩对矿井入风流温度的影响分析[J].金属矿山,2009,43(5):163-167.KONG Xiangqiang,XIE Fangjing,CHEN Xishan,et al.Analysis of the influence of surrounding rock on mine inlet air temperature[J].Metal Mine,2009,43(5):163-167.(in Chinese)
[6]Malolepszy,Zbigniew.Preliminary numerical simulation of heat ex-change in abandoned workings of former coal mine[C]∥Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Heat Transfer and Re-newable Sources of Energy,2002.
[7]Spirko,Karel.Mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer between airway walls and mine air and temperature distribution in airway walls under time variable mine air temperature and humidity[C]∥Proceedings of the US Mine Ventilation Symposium.1993.
[8]A.E.Krasnoshtein,B.P.Kazakov,A.V.Shalimov.Mathematical modeling of heat exchange between mine air and rock mass during fire[J].Journal of Mining Science,2006,42(3):287-295.2006,47(7):143-145.
[10]周福宝,王德明,陈开岩.矿井通风与空气调节[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2009.ZHOU Fubao,WANG Deming,CHEN Kaiyan.Mine Ventilation and Air Conditioning[M].Xuzhou:Coal Industry Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[11]Uchino K,Inoue M.Im proved practica lethod for calculation of air temperature and humidity along a roadway under comp li-cated conditions——The influence of moisture on the underground environment in mines(3rd Report)[J].Journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan,1990,106(1):7-12.
[12]张兴凯,王英敏.火灾烟流与围岩间不稳定换热系数探讨[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),1996,17(1):1-4.ZHANG Xingkai,WANG Yingmin.On non-stable heat-exchange coefficient between smoke flow and tunnel rock[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),1996,17(1):1-4.(in Chinese)