山岭隧道膨胀压力解析解基本问题研究
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摘要
膨胀性围岩具有吸水膨胀的特性,不仅使隧道支护结构的受力和变形显著表现在施工阶段,其"后荷效应"还长期呈现在运营阶段,从而有别于一般的隧道。文章采用弹性力学原理,研究推导了隧道围岩在不同膨胀条件下,隧道支护结构所受压力及变形的解析解;从理论上,分析判明了在随围岩膨胀率变化、结构支护刚度变化和围岩膨胀压力变化的情况下,隧道支护结构受力与变形关系及分布规律;结合工程实例,采用有限元方法进行了验证。计算结果表明该解析解具有一定的可靠性,能为该类隧道的设计和施工提供依据,对建成后的结构长期安全性评价,也有重要意义。
The swelling tendency of expansive rock not only results in the obvious manifestation of supporting structure stress and deformation at the construction stage, but also has a long-term "post-loading effect" during the operation stage, which is different from general tunnels. Based on the principle of elastic mechanics, this paper derives the analytical solution of tunnel support structure stress and deformation under different swelling conditions of surrounding rock. It also analyzes the theoretical relationship between the tunnel support structure stress and deformation and their distribution law regarding the variations of the rock swelling rate, structure support rigidity, and rock swelling pressure. Using a project as an example, the finite element method is adopted for verification, and the results prove that this analytical solution has a certain degree of reliability and can provide a basis for tunnel design and construction as well as a long-term safety evaluation for completed structures.
The swelling tendency of expansive rock not only results in the obvious manifestation of supporting structure stress and deformation at the construction stage, but also has a long-term "post-loading effect" during the operation stage, which is different from general tunnels. Based on the principle of elastic mechanics, this paper derives the analytical solution of tunnel support structure stress and deformation under different swelling conditions of surrounding rock. It also analyzes the theoretical relationship between the tunnel support structure stress and deformation and their distribution law regarding the variations of the rock swelling rate, structure support rigidity, and rock swelling pressure. Using a project as an example, the finite element method is adopted for verification, and the results prove that this analytical solution has a certain degree of reliability and can provide a basis for tunnel design and construction as well as a long-term safety evaluation for completed structures.
引文
[1]孙学毅.膨胀岩特性研究及其在工程中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,1985,7(2):46-55Sun Xueyi.Study on Swelling Rock Properties and Its Application in Engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1985,7(2):46-55
[2]陈宗基,闻萱梅.膨胀岩与隧洞稳定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1983,2(1):1-10Chen Zongji,Wen Xuanmei.Swelling Rocks and Stability of Tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1983,2(1):1-10
[3]樱井春辅.粘弹性-塑性介质中隧道的稳定性[A].第二届国际岩石力学会议论文集[C].1970S.Sakurai.Stability of Tunnel in Viscoelasticity-Plasticity Media[A].Proceedings of the Second International Seminar on Rock Mechanics[C].1970
[4]方正昌.圆断面隧道变形地压的弹塑粘性解[J].地下工程,1982,6(3):12-22Fang Zhengchang.The Elastic-Plastic-Viscous Analytical Solution for Deformed Ground Pressure of Circular Tunnel[J].Underground Engineering,1982,6(3):12-22
[5]陈宗基,康文法.岩石的封闭应力,蠕变和扩容及本构方程[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1991,10(4):299-312Chen Zongji,Kang Wenfa.On the Locked in Stress,Creep and Dilatation of Rocks,and the Constitutive Equations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1991,10(4):299-312
[6]朱维申.粘弹-塑性介质中围岩与衬砌的应力状态[J].力学学报,1981,17(1):56-67Zhu Weishen.Stress State of Rock and Lining in Viscoelastic-plastic Rock Media[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,1981,17(1):56-67
[7]伊藤富雄,等.粘弹性山体内作用于任意形状隧道衬砌的地压应力[A].日本土木学会论文集[C].1981Itotomio,et al.The Lithostaticstress Acting on Tunnel Lining with Arbitrary Shape in Viscoelastic Mountain[A].Proceedings of Japan Society of Civil Engineers[C].1981
[8]于学馥,等.地下工程围岩稳定分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983Yu Xuefu,et al.Stability Analysis of Surrounding Rocks of Underground Engineering[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1983
[9]孙钧,张德兴,李成江.渗水膨胀粘弹塑性围岩压力隧洞的耦合蠕变效应[J].上海:同济大学学报(自然科学版),1984,(6):15-20Sun Jun,Zhang Dexing,Li Chengjiang.The Coupled-creep Effect of Pressure Tunnels Interacted with Its Water-osmotic Swelling Viscous Elasto-plastic Surrounding Rocks[J].Shanghai:Journal of Tongji University,1984,(6):15-20
[10]杨庆.膨胀岩本构及巷道地压显现规律的研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,博士论文,1993Yang Qing.Study on Behave Law of Ground Pressure of Swelling Rock Constitutive and Roadway[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,Doctorial Thesis,1993
[11]缪协兴,陈智纯.软岩力学[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1995Miao Xiexing,Chen Zhichun.Soft Rock Mechanics[M].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1995
[12]董方庭,等.松动圈软岩锚喷支护理论和技术[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1996Dong Fangting,et al.Support Theory and Technology of Anchor Spraying of Soft Rock in Broken Rock Zone[M].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1996
[13]王光钦,等.弹性力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004Wang Guangqin,et al.Elastic Mechanics[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2004
[14]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司、西南交通大学.铁路浅埋大跨强膨胀土隧道修建关键技术研究报告[R].2012China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd,Southwest Jiaotong University.Research Report of Key Construction Technology for Railway Tunnels with Shallow-buried Depth and Large-Span in Swelling Soil[R].2012
[15]郭瑞,何川,方勇.膨胀土地层中盾构隧道管片结构受力分析与对策研究[J].现代隧道技术,2010,47(6):17-22Guo Rui,He Chuan,Fang Yong.Analysis on Mechanical Behavior of Shield Tunnel Segmental Lining in Swelling Ground and Countermeasures[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2010,47(6):17-22
[16]林刚,罗世培,郭俊,邹永尧.膨胀岩土地层盾构隧道结构力学行为研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(3):74-79Lin Gang,Luo Shipei,Guo Jun,Zou Yongyao.Study on Structural Behavior of a Shield Tunnel in Swelling Rock and Soil Strata[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2011,48(3):74-79
[2]陈宗基,闻萱梅.膨胀岩与隧洞稳定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1983,2(1):1-10Chen Zongji,Wen Xuanmei.Swelling Rocks and Stability of Tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1983,2(1):1-10
[3]樱井春辅.粘弹性-塑性介质中隧道的稳定性[A].第二届国际岩石力学会议论文集[C].1970S.Sakurai.Stability of Tunnel in Viscoelasticity-Plasticity Media[A].Proceedings of the Second International Seminar on Rock Mechanics[C].1970
[4]方正昌.圆断面隧道变形地压的弹塑粘性解[J].地下工程,1982,6(3):12-22Fang Zhengchang.The Elastic-Plastic-Viscous Analytical Solution for Deformed Ground Pressure of Circular Tunnel[J].Underground Engineering,1982,6(3):12-22
[5]陈宗基,康文法.岩石的封闭应力,蠕变和扩容及本构方程[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1991,10(4):299-312Chen Zongji,Kang Wenfa.On the Locked in Stress,Creep and Dilatation of Rocks,and the Constitutive Equations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1991,10(4):299-312
[6]朱维申.粘弹-塑性介质中围岩与衬砌的应力状态[J].力学学报,1981,17(1):56-67Zhu Weishen.Stress State of Rock and Lining in Viscoelastic-plastic Rock Media[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,1981,17(1):56-67
[7]伊藤富雄,等.粘弹性山体内作用于任意形状隧道衬砌的地压应力[A].日本土木学会论文集[C].1981Itotomio,et al.The Lithostaticstress Acting on Tunnel Lining with Arbitrary Shape in Viscoelastic Mountain[A].Proceedings of Japan Society of Civil Engineers[C].1981
[8]于学馥,等.地下工程围岩稳定分析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983Yu Xuefu,et al.Stability Analysis of Surrounding Rocks of Underground Engineering[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1983
[9]孙钧,张德兴,李成江.渗水膨胀粘弹塑性围岩压力隧洞的耦合蠕变效应[J].上海:同济大学学报(自然科学版),1984,(6):15-20Sun Jun,Zhang Dexing,Li Chengjiang.The Coupled-creep Effect of Pressure Tunnels Interacted with Its Water-osmotic Swelling Viscous Elasto-plastic Surrounding Rocks[J].Shanghai:Journal of Tongji University,1984,(6):15-20
[10]杨庆.膨胀岩本构及巷道地压显现规律的研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,博士论文,1993Yang Qing.Study on Behave Law of Ground Pressure of Swelling Rock Constitutive and Roadway[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,Doctorial Thesis,1993
[11]缪协兴,陈智纯.软岩力学[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1995Miao Xiexing,Chen Zhichun.Soft Rock Mechanics[M].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1995
[12]董方庭,等.松动圈软岩锚喷支护理论和技术[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1996Dong Fangting,et al.Support Theory and Technology of Anchor Spraying of Soft Rock in Broken Rock Zone[M].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1996
[13]王光钦,等.弹性力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004Wang Guangqin,et al.Elastic Mechanics[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2004
[14]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司、西南交通大学.铁路浅埋大跨强膨胀土隧道修建关键技术研究报告[R].2012China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd,Southwest Jiaotong University.Research Report of Key Construction Technology for Railway Tunnels with Shallow-buried Depth and Large-Span in Swelling Soil[R].2012
[15]郭瑞,何川,方勇.膨胀土地层中盾构隧道管片结构受力分析与对策研究[J].现代隧道技术,2010,47(6):17-22Guo Rui,He Chuan,Fang Yong.Analysis on Mechanical Behavior of Shield Tunnel Segmental Lining in Swelling Ground and Countermeasures[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2010,47(6):17-22
[16]林刚,罗世培,郭俊,邹永尧.膨胀岩土地层盾构隧道结构力学行为研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(3):74-79Lin Gang,Luo Shipei,Guo Jun,Zou Yongyao.Study on Structural Behavior of a Shield Tunnel in Swelling Rock and Soil Strata[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2011,48(3):74-79