氧化铝增强混杂纤维复合材料传动轴微波固化性能研究
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摘要
为了提升微波固化成型复合材料传动轴的承载能力,提出了采用混杂纤维作为增强体,氧化铝颗粒增强环氧作为基体的材料增强方法,同时进行微波固化工艺的优化。通过对比平板试样的层间剪切、拉伸以及动态冲击性能,确定最优体积混杂比、氧化铝含量及微波固化参数。在此基础上,通过织物湿法缠绕制备传动轴缩比件,基于轴的弯曲和扭转试验,对比热固化和微波固化的性能差异等。结果表明:(1)利用低功率预热结合高功率固化,可以在保证固化效率的前提下,提高试样的层间剪切强度;(2)随着碳/玻混杂比的增加,在试样层间剪切和面内拉伸性能增加的同时,伴随着冲击韧性的降低;(3)随着氧化铝含量从0增加到30%,试样的层间剪切强度、拉伸强度和模量分别提升了8. 7%、27. 9%和12. 5%,含量进一步增加会造成性能降低;(4)热固化和微波固化得到的复合材料传动轴身管的最大扭矩、弯曲强度/模量性能处于同一水平。
Aiming at improving the bearing capacity of composite transmission shaft manufactured by microwave curing,the material enhancement method with hybrid fiber as reinforcement and alumina particle reinforced epoxy as matrix was proposed. The microwave curing process was optimized simultaneously. The optimal hybrid volume ratio,Al2O3 content and microwave curing parameters were determined by comparing the interlaminar shear,tensile and dynamic impact properties of plate specimens. On that basis,the reduced transmission shaft was manufactured by wet winding with fabrics. The mechanical property difference between thermal and microwave curing was compared by bending and torque test. The experimental results showed that(1) the interlaminar shear strength of specimen could be enhanced by low-power preheat and high-power curing on the premise of efficiency.(2) With the increase of CF/GF hybrid ratio,the interlaminar shear strength and tensile properties increased,while the impact toughness was reduced.(3) When the Al2O3 content increased from 0 to 30%,the interlaminar shear strength,tensile strength and module increased by 8.7%,27.9% and 12.5%,respectively. However,further increase in Al2O3 content resulted in the reduction of properties.(4) The maximum torque,bending strength and module of composite transmission shaft manufactured by microwave curing showed the same level with those by thermal curing.
Aiming at improving the bearing capacity of composite transmission shaft manufactured by microwave curing,the material enhancement method with hybrid fiber as reinforcement and alumina particle reinforced epoxy as matrix was proposed. The microwave curing process was optimized simultaneously. The optimal hybrid volume ratio,Al2O3 content and microwave curing parameters were determined by comparing the interlaminar shear,tensile and dynamic impact properties of plate specimens. On that basis,the reduced transmission shaft was manufactured by wet winding with fabrics. The mechanical property difference between thermal and microwave curing was compared by bending and torque test. The experimental results showed that(1) the interlaminar shear strength of specimen could be enhanced by low-power preheat and high-power curing on the premise of efficiency.(2) With the increase of CF/GF hybrid ratio,the interlaminar shear strength and tensile properties increased,while the impact toughness was reduced.(3) When the Al2O3 content increased from 0 to 30%,the interlaminar shear strength,tensile strength and module increased by 8.7%,27.9% and 12.5%,respectively. However,further increase in Al2O3 content resulted in the reduction of properties.(4) The maximum torque,bending strength and module of composite transmission shaft manufactured by microwave curing showed the same level with those by thermal curing.
引文
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[12]黄博生,商和财,彭亚萍.碳/玻混杂纤维的混杂效应及其受力性能研究[J].高科技纤维与应用,2005,30(6):39-41.
[13] Agrawal A,Satapathy A. Experimental investigation of micro-sized aluminium oxide reinforced epoxy composites for microelectronic applications[J]. Procedia Materials Science,2014,5:517-526.
[14] Deng Y,Fan H,Zhang J. Effect of surface modification on mechanical performances of alumina-dispersed epoxy composites[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2008,36:1251-1255.
[15]王旗,李喆,尹毅,等.微/纳米氧化铝/环氧树脂复合材料热导率和击穿强度的研究[J].绝缘材料,2013,46(2):49-52.
[16]郑伟峰,周来水,袁铁军,等.颗粒Al2O3增强环氧树脂复合材料的微波固化动力学及性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(10):65-71.
[2]王丹勇,陈以蔚,李树虎,等.纤维增强复合材料传动轴应用及设计技术研究[J].工程塑料应用,2012,40(2):92-96.
[3]许兆棠,朱如鹏.直升机复合材料传动轴的主共振分析[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(2):155-160.
[4]梁宪珠,孙占红,张铖,等.航空预浸料-热压罐工艺复合材料技术应用概况[J].航空制造技术,2011,20:26-30.
[5]李树健,湛利华,彭文飞,等.先进复合材料构件热压罐成型工艺研究进展[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2015,11:2927-2931.
[6] Maffezzoli A,Grieco A. Optimization of parts placement in autoclave processing of composites[J]. Applied Composite Materials,2013,20(3):233-248.
[7] Chen Y,Li Y,You Y,et al. Research on mechanical properties of epoxy/glass fiber composites cured by microwave radiation[J]. Journal of Reinforced Plastics&Composites,2014,33(15):1441-1451.
[8]刘学清,王源升.微波固化环氧树脂(E44/DDM)的热性能及膨胀性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2004,20(3):111-113.
[9] Nightingale C,Day R J. Flexural and interlaminar shear strength properties of carbon fibre/epoxy composites cured thermally and with microwave radiation[J]. Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2002,33(7):1021-1030.
[10] Rao R. Studies on tensile and interlaminar shear strength properties of thermally cured and microwave cured glass-epoxy composites[J].Journal of Reinforced Plastics&Composites,2006,25(7):783-795.
[11]李卫东,曹海琳,魏斌,等. BF/CF层间混杂结构对复合材料性能影响[J].热固性树脂,2009,24(5):39-43.
[12]黄博生,商和财,彭亚萍.碳/玻混杂纤维的混杂效应及其受力性能研究[J].高科技纤维与应用,2005,30(6):39-41.
[13] Agrawal A,Satapathy A. Experimental investigation of micro-sized aluminium oxide reinforced epoxy composites for microelectronic applications[J]. Procedia Materials Science,2014,5:517-526.
[14] Deng Y,Fan H,Zhang J. Effect of surface modification on mechanical performances of alumina-dispersed epoxy composites[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2008,36:1251-1255.
[15]王旗,李喆,尹毅,等.微/纳米氧化铝/环氧树脂复合材料热导率和击穿强度的研究[J].绝缘材料,2013,46(2):49-52.
[16]郑伟峰,周来水,袁铁军,等.颗粒Al2O3增强环氧树脂复合材料的微波固化动力学及性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(10):65-71.