复合材料成型过程多参数协同在线监测系统研究
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摘要
复合材料制件的成型质量同时受其工艺环境和构件内部理化反应的影响,现有固化过程的监测多为离线、离散监测方式,且监测后期数据处理工作量大,固化过程中不能直观地监测到制件内部状态的变化从而难以实现对其成型质量的在线反馈控制,监测的物理量较少,无法综合研究物理量之间的相互影响。为了实现对先进复合材料制件热压固化全过程多参数协同在线监测,提出了一种基于经典层合板理论、"热电偶+光纤布拉格光栅"和"毛细管压力传感器"组合式测量的方法,利用Lab VIEW图形编程语言、数据通信和数据库技术开发了一套多参数在线监测上位机软硬件系统,实现了温度、压力、应变和应力之间数据传输的协同与同步在线监测。将其应用到某大型飞机机翼翼盒壁板缩比件固化实验,结果表明该监测系统可实现对复合材料固化全过程多参数的实时监测,系统运行稳定、可靠,对于察明构件固化缺陷的产生机理并实现固化成型质量的在线反馈控制具有重要的现实意义。
The forming quality of composite materials is influenced cooperatively by the environment of autoclave curing process and physical and chemical reaction inside of component. The majority of the existing monitoring methods used to monitor the curing process are offline and discrete. Those methods bring about a heavy workload of subsequent data processing and the difficulty in detecting the interior change in the parts directly,making it hard to realize the online feedback control of the molding quality. Moreover,the amount of physical quantities detected is so small that the interaction among physical quantities cannot be comprehensively studied. In order to achieve the multi-parameter collaborative on-line monitoring of advanced composite materials forming process,in this paper,a kind of combined measurement method based on the classical laminated plate theory, " thermocouple+optical fiber Bragg grating" and " capillary pressure sensor" is introduced and a set of online monitoring PC software system using LabVIEW graphical programming language,data communication and database technology is developed,which have realized the synchronous online data communication and the synergy among temperature,pressure,strain and stress. The curing experiment of shrinkage part of a large aircraft wing box wall have corroborated the feasibility of the real-time monitoring for multi-parameters of the whole process of composite materials forming by the monitoring system and the stability and reliability of the system,which are of practical significance for ascertaining the mechanism of curing defects generated and realizing the online feedback control.
The forming quality of composite materials is influenced cooperatively by the environment of autoclave curing process and physical and chemical reaction inside of component. The majority of the existing monitoring methods used to monitor the curing process are offline and discrete. Those methods bring about a heavy workload of subsequent data processing and the difficulty in detecting the interior change in the parts directly,making it hard to realize the online feedback control of the molding quality. Moreover,the amount of physical quantities detected is so small that the interaction among physical quantities cannot be comprehensively studied. In order to achieve the multi-parameter collaborative on-line monitoring of advanced composite materials forming process,in this paper,a kind of combined measurement method based on the classical laminated plate theory, " thermocouple+optical fiber Bragg grating" and " capillary pressure sensor" is introduced and a set of online monitoring PC software system using LabVIEW graphical programming language,data communication and database technology is developed,which have realized the synchronous online data communication and the synergy among temperature,pressure,strain and stress. The curing experiment of shrinkage part of a large aircraft wing box wall have corroborated the feasibility of the real-time monitoring for multi-parameters of the whole process of composite materials forming by the monitoring system and the stability and reliability of the system,which are of practical significance for ascertaining the mechanism of curing defects generated and realizing the online feedback control.
引文
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[23]燕永新.一种基于UDP协议的即时通信系统的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008:3-17.
[2]李树健,湛利华,彭文飞,等.先进复合材料构件热压罐成型工艺研究进展[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2015,44(11):2927-2931.
[3]唐见茂.航空航天复合材料发展现状及前景[J].航天器环境工程,2013,30(4):352-359.
[4]刘馨.航空航天材料概览[J].新材料产业,2012(3):1-5.
[5]李辰砂,张博明,王殿富,等.光纤模斑传感器应用于在线监控复合材料工艺过程[J].复合材料学报,2000,17(3):33-37.
[6]丁安心,李书欣,倪爱清,等.热固性树脂基复合材料固化变形和残余应力数值模拟研究综述[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(3):471-485.
[7]杜善义.先进复合材料与航空航天[J].复合材料学报,2007,24(1):1-12.
[8]李盼.纤维/树脂复合材料的模内热固化成型及脱模变形的研究[D].青岛:山东大学,2014.
[9]Kang H K,Kang D H,Hong C S,et al. Simultaneous monitoring of strain and temperature during and after cure of unsymmetrical composite laminate using fiber-optic sensors[J]. Smart materials and structures,2003,12(1):29-35.
[10]Mulle M,Zitoune R,Collombet F,et al. Thermal expansion of carbon-epoxy laminates measured with embedded FBGS Comparison with other experimental techniques and numerical simulation[J].Composites part A:applied science and manufacturing,2007,38(5):1414-1424.
[11]张泳安,湛利华.光纤光栅在先进复合材料固化成型研究中的应用[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(1):86-91.
[12] Jung K,Kang T J,Jung K,et al. Cure monitoring and internal strain measurement of 3-D hybrid braided composites using fiber bragg grating sensor[J]. Journal of Composite Materials,2007,41(12):1499-1519.
[13]Kuang K S C,Zhang L,Cantwell W J,et al. Process monitoring of aluminum-foam sandwich structures based on thermoplastic fibremetal laminates using fibre Bragg gratings[J]. Composites Science&Technology,2005,65(11-12):669-676.
[14]耿湘宜,王静,姜明顺,等.基于内埋光纤Bragg光栅传感器的复合材料固化过程监测[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(8):1615-1620.
[15]Harsch M,Karger J,Herzog F. Monitoring of cure-induced strain of an epoxy resin by fiber Bragg grating sensor[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2007,107(2):719-725.
[16]Geng X Y,Jiang M S,Gao L L,et al. Sensing characteristics of FBG sensor embedded in CFRP laminate[J]. Measurement,2017(98):199-204.
[17]Parlevliet P P,Bersee H E N,Beukers A. Measurement of(post-)curing strain development with fiber Bragg gratings[J]. Polymer Testing,2010,29(3):291-301.
[18]Pereira G,Mc Gugan M,Mikkelsen L P. Method for independent strain and temperature measurement in polymeric tensile test specimen using embedded FBG sensors[J]. Polymer Testing,2016,50:125-134.
[19]万里冰,武湛君,张博明,等.光纤布拉格光栅监测复合材料固化[J].复合材料学报,2004,21(3):1-5.
[20]沈观林,胡更开,刘彬.复合材料力学(第2版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013:89-96,129-133.
[21]陈树学,刘萱. Labview宝典[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2011:440-442.
[22]Kurniawan W,Ichsan M H H,Akbar S R,et al. Lightweight UDP pervasive protocol in smart home environment based on labview[J].2017,190(1):012-009.
[23]燕永新.一种基于UDP协议的即时通信系统的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008:3-17.