新型自耦变压器耦合桥式固态限流器及其拓扑改进
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摘要
变压器耦合桥式固态限流器的体积与成本取决于串联耦合变压器、整流桥和限流电感等限流器各组成部分。为减小串联耦合变压器的体积与成本,提出一种新型自耦变压器耦合桥式固态限流器,详细分析了其工作原理和限流过程。针对整流桥晶闸管无法控制关断从而导致限流电感必须设计得较大的缺点,进一步提出一种基于全控电力电子器件的限流器二次侧改进拓扑结构,缩短故障后整流桥和限流电感承受冲击电流的时间并降低冲击电流幅值和上升率,从而可减小整流桥电力电子器件和限流电感相关参数设计值,进一步降低限流器成本。仿真研究验证了相同限流目标下,相比串联耦合变压器,采用常规非自耦变压器,上述限流器具有更好的经济性。最后,对改进拓扑结构进行样机实验,验证了改进拓扑的有效性。
The volume and cost of the transformer coupling bridge-type solid-state fault current limiter( SSFCL) depend on the components of the fault current limiter including the series coupling transformer, rectifier bridge and current-limiting inductance. To reduce the volume and cost of the coupling transformer, a novel auto-transformer coupling bridge-type SSFCL is proposed with a detailed analysis of its working principle and current-limiting process. For the problem of large current-limiting inductance due to the inability of rectifier bridge thyristor to control the turn-off, the topology of the secondary side of SSFCL is improved by using fullcontrolled power electronic devices. The improved topology has the ability to shorten the time for the bridge and current-limiting inductance to withstand the inrush current while reducing the amplitude and the slope of inrush current. Thus, the related parameters of power electronic devices in rectifier bridge and current-limiting inductance can be decreased and the cost of SSFCL further cut.Simulation results show that SSFCLs with auto-transformer are more efficient and cost-effective than those with normal transformer with the same current-limiting objective. The effectiveness of the improved SSFCL is validated by experiment.
The volume and cost of the transformer coupling bridge-type solid-state fault current limiter( SSFCL) depend on the components of the fault current limiter including the series coupling transformer, rectifier bridge and current-limiting inductance. To reduce the volume and cost of the coupling transformer, a novel auto-transformer coupling bridge-type SSFCL is proposed with a detailed analysis of its working principle and current-limiting process. For the problem of large current-limiting inductance due to the inability of rectifier bridge thyristor to control the turn-off, the topology of the secondary side of SSFCL is improved by using fullcontrolled power electronic devices. The improved topology has the ability to shorten the time for the bridge and current-limiting inductance to withstand the inrush current while reducing the amplitude and the slope of inrush current. Thus, the related parameters of power electronic devices in rectifier bridge and current-limiting inductance can be decreased and the cost of SSFCL further cut.Simulation results show that SSFCLs with auto-transformer are more efficient and cost-effective than those with normal transformer with the same current-limiting objective. The effectiveness of the improved SSFCL is validated by experiment.
引文
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[15]王栋,姚缨英,江道灼,等.新型桥式固态限流器中耦合变压器特性的研究[J].机电工程,2007,24(8):80-83.WANG Dong,YAO Yingying,JIANG Daozhuo,et al.Research of the coupling transformer in the new bridge-type solid state fault current limiter system[J].Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2007,24(8):80-83.
[16]莫育杰,江道灼,田中山,等.新型固态限流器中饱和型耦合变压器设计[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(17):103-108.MO Yujie,JIANG Daozhuo,TIAN Zhongshan,et al.Design of saturated coupling transformer in a new bridge-type solid state fault current limiter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(17):103-108.
[17]江道灼,杨贵玉,吕征宇,等.变阻抗自耦变压器型短路限流器:中国,CN102522735A[P].2012-06-27.
[18]李自良.变压器等效电路的类型和阻抗参数的分析与变换[J].变压器,1997,34(3):25-29.
[19]费万民,张艳莉,吕征宇.基于IGCT的新型桥式固态短路故障限流器[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(7):60-64.FEI Wanmin,ZHANG Yanli,LZhengyu.IGCT-based novel solid state bridge type fault current limiter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(7):60-64.
[20]费万民,张艳莉,孟照娟,等.基于自关断器件的新型桥式短路限流器拓扑与控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(18):23-29.FEI Wanmin,ZHANG Yanli,MENG Zhaojuan,et al.Topology and control strategy of novel bridge type FCL based on self-turn-off devices[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(18):23-29.
[2]孙奇珍,蔡泽祥,李爱民,等.500 k V电网短路电流超标机理及限制措施适应性[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(21):92-96.SUN Qizhen,CAI Zexiang,LI Aimin,et al.A short-circuit current over-limited mechanism of 500 k V power system and the adaptability of limiting measures[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(21):92-96.
[3]ALEXANDER A,KEUYE M S.Survey of solid-state fault current limiters[J].IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2012,27(6):2770-2782.
[4]SUGIMOTO S,KIDA J,ARITA H,et al.Principle and characteristics of a fault current limiter with series compensation[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1996,11(2):842-847.
[5]王华昕,习贺勋,汤广福,等.谐振型故障限流器阻抗特性仿真分析与参数优化[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(5):61-64.WANG Huaxin,XI Hexun,TANG Guangfu,et al.Simulation and parameters optimization of the resonance fault current limiter resistance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(5):61-64.
[6]邹亮,李庆民,刘洪顺,等.大容量永磁饱和型故障限流器参数设计与优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(9):105-112.ZOU Liang,LI Qingmin,LIU Hongshun,et al.Parameter designand optimization methodology for large capacity applications of permanent-magnet-biased saturation based fault current limiter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(9):105-112.
[7]SUNG H,HYO S,BYOUNG S.Current limiting characteristics of intergrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL[J].IEEE Trans on Applied Superconducting,2006,16(2):715-718.
[8]HIROSHI Y,KAZUSHI Y,MASAHIRON N,et al.Current limiting characteristics of transformer type superconducting fault current limiter[J].IEEE Trans on Applied Superconducting,2005,15(2):2106-2019.
[9]姚磊,郑建勇,梅军,等.基于Mg B2的新型电阻型超导故障限流器的研制和性能分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(14):106-112.YAO Lei,ZHENG Jianyong,MEI Jun,et al.Manufacture and performance analysis of small resistive-type SFCL based on Mg B2[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(14):106-112.
[10]陈刚,江道灼,吴兆麟.固态短路限流器的研究与发展[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(10):89-94.CHEN Gang,JIANG Daozhuo,WU Zhaolin.Research and development of solid state fault current limiter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2003,27(10):89-94.
[11]蔡永华.固态限流器的研制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.
[12]蔡永华,江道灼,吴兆麟.新型固态限流器控制系统的研制[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(7):62-66.CAI Yonghua,JIANG Daozhuo,WU Zhaolin.Study on control system of three-phase solid state fault current limiter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(7):62-66.
[13]赵中原,吕征宇,吴兆麟,等.新型固态限流器三相主电路拓扑及控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(15):42-45.ZHAO Zhongyuan,LZhengyu,WU Zhaolin,et al.Study on three-phase main circuit topology and control strategy for a new type solid state fault current limiter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(15):42-45.
[14]陈刚,江道灼,蔡永华,等.具有旁路电感的新型固态限流器研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):200-205.CHEN Gang,JIANG Daozhuo,CAI Yonghua,et al.Study on a novel solid state fault current limiter with bypass reactor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):200-205.
[15]王栋,姚缨英,江道灼,等.新型桥式固态限流器中耦合变压器特性的研究[J].机电工程,2007,24(8):80-83.WANG Dong,YAO Yingying,JIANG Daozhuo,et al.Research of the coupling transformer in the new bridge-type solid state fault current limiter system[J].Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2007,24(8):80-83.
[16]莫育杰,江道灼,田中山,等.新型固态限流器中饱和型耦合变压器设计[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(17):103-108.MO Yujie,JIANG Daozhuo,TIAN Zhongshan,et al.Design of saturated coupling transformer in a new bridge-type solid state fault current limiter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(17):103-108.
[17]江道灼,杨贵玉,吕征宇,等.变阻抗自耦变压器型短路限流器:中国,CN102522735A[P].2012-06-27.
[18]李自良.变压器等效电路的类型和阻抗参数的分析与变换[J].变压器,1997,34(3):25-29.
[19]费万民,张艳莉,吕征宇.基于IGCT的新型桥式固态短路故障限流器[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(7):60-64.FEI Wanmin,ZHANG Yanli,LZhengyu.IGCT-based novel solid state bridge type fault current limiter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(7):60-64.
[20]费万民,张艳莉,孟照娟,等.基于自关断器件的新型桥式短路限流器拓扑与控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(18):23-29.FEI Wanmin,ZHANG Yanli,MENG Zhaojuan,et al.Topology and control strategy of novel bridge type FCL based on self-turn-off devices[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(18):23-29.