猪免疫口蹄疫灭活疫苗后外周血细胞亚群变化的研究
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摘要
为了解动物在注射口蹄疫灭活疫苗后机体免疫状态的变化情况,本试验选取口蹄疫阴性猪进行疫苗免疫,利用流式细胞术检测方法来测定外周血中免疫细胞亚群的变化。结果显示,树突状细胞在免疫后能够快速产生应答,在24h内其含量出现明显升高;B细胞和Th细胞含量在免疫后第10天都出现了明显升高,且两者之间的变化存在着高度相关性,而抗体水平的变化情况与这两种细胞含量的变化也高度相关;细胞毒性T细胞含量在免疫后也出现升高。这说明灭活疫苗免疫动物后不仅可以激活机体的体液免疫应答反应,产生高水平抗体,发挥免疫保护作用,更重要的是能够在短时间内激发机体的固有免疫应答,同时能够激活细胞免疫应答,全方位发挥免疫保护作用。
In order to investigate the change of lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood after injection of foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine,blood samples were collected after vaccination and assayed with flow cytometry.The results showed that the proportion of dendritic cells(DCs)increased significantly in a short time after vaccination,after which the number of B cells,helper T(Th)cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes(CTLs)also raised with significance.The changing trend of B cells proportion was highly relevant with Th cells and a same correlation also appeared in the antibody titers.This indicated that the innate immune system could be activated rapidly after vaccination with the inactivated vaccine,and the adaptive immune response including cellular immune response and humoral immune response could be invoked subsequently.The high level of neutralizing antibodies was of great importance in evading FMDV and the cellular immune response also exerted a crucial role.
In order to investigate the change of lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood after injection of foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine,blood samples were collected after vaccination and assayed with flow cytometry.The results showed that the proportion of dendritic cells(DCs)increased significantly in a short time after vaccination,after which the number of B cells,helper T(Th)cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes(CTLs)also raised with significance.The changing trend of B cells proportion was highly relevant with Th cells and a same correlation also appeared in the antibody titers.This indicated that the innate immune system could be activated rapidly after vaccination with the inactivated vaccine,and the adaptive immune response including cellular immune response and humoral immune response could be invoked subsequently.The high level of neutralizing antibodies was of great importance in evading FMDV and the cellular immune response also exerted a crucial role.
引文
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[11]Blanco E,Garcia-Briones M,Sanz-Parra A,et al.Identification of T-cell epitopes in nonstructural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus[J].Journal of Virology,2001,75:3164-3174.
[12]Garcia-Briones M M,Blanco E,Chiva C,et al.Immunogenicity and T cell recognition in swine of foot-andmouth disease virus polymerase 3D[J].Virology,2004,322:264-275.
[13]Childerstone A J,Cedillo-Baron L,Foster-Cuevas M,et al.Demonstration of bovine CD8+T-cell responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus[J].The Journal of General Virology,1999,80(3):663-669.
[14]Patch J R,Kenney M,Pacheco J M,et al.Characterization of cytotoxic T lymphocyte function after footand-mouth disease virus infection and vaccination[J].Viral Immunology,2013,26(4):239-249.
[15]Boysen P,Storset A K.Bovine natural killer cells[J].Vet Immunol Immunopathol,2009,130:163-177.
[16]Bautista E M,Ferman G S,Gregg D,et al.Constitutive expression of alpha interferon by skin dendriticcells confers resistance to infection by foot-and-mouth disease virus[J].Journal of Virology,2005,79:4838-4847.
[17]Gerner W,Kser T,Saalmüller A.Porcine T lymphocytes and NK cells——An update[J].Developmental and Comparative Immunology,2009,33:310-320.
[2]Golde W T,Pacheco J M,Duque H,et al.Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus confers complete clinical protection in 7days and partial protection in 4days:Use in emergency outbreak response[J].Vaccine,2005,23:5775-5582.
[3]Barnett P V,Carabin H.A review of emergency footand-mouth disease(FMD)vaccines[J].Vaccine,2002,20:1505-1514.
[4]Toka F N,Golde W T.Cell mediated innate responses of cattle and swine are diverse during foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV)infection:A unique landscape of innate immunity[J].Immunology Letters,2013,152:135-143.
[5]Guzman E,Taylor G,Charleston B,et al.An MHC-restricted CD8+T-cell response is induced in cattle by footand-mouth disease virus(FMDV)infection and also following vaccination with inactivated FMDV[J].The Journal of General Virology,2008,89:667-675.
[6]Summerfield A,Guzylack-Piriou L,Harwood L,et al.Innate immune responses against foot-and-mouth disease virus:Current understanding and future directions[J].Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology,2009,128:205-210.
[7]Bautista E M,Ferman G S,Gregg D,et al.Constitutive expression of alpha interferon by skin dendritic cellsconfers resistance to infection by foot-and-mouthdisease virus[J].Journal of Virology,2005,79(8):4838-4847.
[8]Wu Q,Moraes M P,Grubman M J.Recombinant adenovirus co-expressingcapsid proteinsoftwo serotypes of foot-and-mouthdisease virus(FMDV):In vitro characterization and induction ofneutralizing antibodies against FMDV in swine[J].Virus Research,2003,93(2):211-219.
[9]Díaz-San Segundo F,Salguero F J,de Avila A,et al.Selective lymphocyte depletion during the early stage of the immune response to foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in swine[J].Journal of Virology,2006,80(5):2369-2379.
[10]金伯泉,熊思东.医学免疫学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2011.
[11]Blanco E,Garcia-Briones M,Sanz-Parra A,et al.Identification of T-cell epitopes in nonstructural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus[J].Journal of Virology,2001,75:3164-3174.
[12]Garcia-Briones M M,Blanco E,Chiva C,et al.Immunogenicity and T cell recognition in swine of foot-andmouth disease virus polymerase 3D[J].Virology,2004,322:264-275.
[13]Childerstone A J,Cedillo-Baron L,Foster-Cuevas M,et al.Demonstration of bovine CD8+T-cell responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus[J].The Journal of General Virology,1999,80(3):663-669.
[14]Patch J R,Kenney M,Pacheco J M,et al.Characterization of cytotoxic T lymphocyte function after footand-mouth disease virus infection and vaccination[J].Viral Immunology,2013,26(4):239-249.
[15]Boysen P,Storset A K.Bovine natural killer cells[J].Vet Immunol Immunopathol,2009,130:163-177.
[16]Bautista E M,Ferman G S,Gregg D,et al.Constitutive expression of alpha interferon by skin dendriticcells confers resistance to infection by foot-and-mouth disease virus[J].Journal of Virology,2005,79:4838-4847.
[17]Gerner W,Kser T,Saalmüller A.Porcine T lymphocytes and NK cells——An update[J].Developmental and Comparative Immunology,2009,33:310-320.