2006—2016年内蒙古边境口岸蚤类分布
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摘要
目的总结内蒙古12个口岸蚤的种类和分布,为今后蚤类的监测和防治提供科学依据。方法 2006—2016年,每年5、9月份在内蒙古室韦、黑山头、呼伦贝尔机场、满洲里、阿日哈沙特、额布都格、珠恩嘎达布旗、二连浩特、呼和浩特机场、满都拉、甘其毛都和策克等12个口岸,采用夹日法和夹夜法捕鼠,采集体表寄生蚤,对蚤类进行形态学鉴定。结果 2006—2016年,在内蒙古12个口岸共监测发现蚤类4科19属35种(亚种)12 137只,其中二连浩特口岸蚤种类和数量最多,达22种(亚种)5 082只;位于内蒙古边境东北部的室韦、黑山头、呼伦贝尔机场和额布都格蚤种类和数量均较少,仅为1～2种。常见种是方形黄鼠蚤、同型客蚤指名亚种、粗鬃客蚤等。结论内蒙古口岸地区蚤种类多、数量大、分布广,应加强监测,做好边境口岸蚤类传染病的防控。
Objective To summarize and analyze the species and distribution of fleas in the 12 frontier ports of Inner Mongolia,and to provide scientific basis for the sueveillance and control of fleas. Methods In May and September,2006-2016,the day traps and night traps were used to capture the rodents in 12 ports of Inner Mongolia,including Shiwei,Heishantou,Hulunbuir airport,Manzhouli,Azhashat,Ebudug,Zhuengadabuqi,Erenhot,Hohhot airport,Mandula,Ganqiudu and Ceke. The fleas were collected from the rodents and identified morphologically. Results A total of 12 137 fleas belonging to 35 species or subspecies,19 genera and 4 families were identified at the 12 ports of Inner Mongolia,2006-2016. The flea accounted for the most number,up to 22 species(subspecies) 5 082 at Erenhot port. The flea captured at Shiwei,Heishantou,Hulunbeier airport and Ebudug ports which located in the northeastern part of the Inner Mongolia border,had fewer species,only 1-2 flea species. The common species was Citellophilus tesquorum,Xenopsylla conformis conformis and Xenopsylla hirtipes. Conclusion The fleas showed diversity,large number and widely distributed in the frontier ports of Inner Mongolia. It is should strengthen the surveillance fur-ther,and do well in the prevention and control of flea-borne diseases at frontier ports.
Objective To summarize and analyze the species and distribution of fleas in the 12 frontier ports of Inner Mongolia,and to provide scientific basis for the sueveillance and control of fleas. Methods In May and September,2006-2016,the day traps and night traps were used to capture the rodents in 12 ports of Inner Mongolia,including Shiwei,Heishantou,Hulunbuir airport,Manzhouli,Azhashat,Ebudug,Zhuengadabuqi,Erenhot,Hohhot airport,Mandula,Ganqiudu and Ceke. The fleas were collected from the rodents and identified morphologically. Results A total of 12 137 fleas belonging to 35 species or subspecies,19 genera and 4 families were identified at the 12 ports of Inner Mongolia,2006-2016. The flea accounted for the most number,up to 22 species(subspecies) 5 082 at Erenhot port. The flea captured at Shiwei,Heishantou,Hulunbeier airport and Ebudug ports which located in the northeastern part of the Inner Mongolia border,had fewer species,only 1-2 flea species. The common species was Citellophilus tesquorum,Xenopsylla conformis conformis and Xenopsylla hirtipes. Conclusion The fleas showed diversity,large number and widely distributed in the frontier ports of Inner Mongolia. It is should strengthen the surveillance fur-ther,and do well in the prevention and control of flea-borne diseases at frontier ports.
引文
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[3]刘俊,石杲.内蒙古蚤类[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,2009.
[4]吴厚永.中国动物志.昆虫纲.蚤目[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[5]杨长安,孙庆,刘俊,等.内蒙古蚤类区系[J].内蒙古地方病防治研究,1994,19(2):90-98.
[6]李彬,郝广福,孟传金,等.蒙古高原蚤类名录[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2013,36(5):319-322.
[7]刘纪有,张万荣.内蒙古鼠疫[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1997.
[8]纪树立.鼠疫[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1988.
[9]乔舜,于占海,王东胜,等.珠恩嘎达布其口岸地区鼠蚤本底调查及分析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2003,14(2):97-99.
[10]赵肯堂.内蒙古啮齿动物[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1981.